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Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 1
CO2Print: Mobile Carbon Footprint
Application
OLOO Francis
Masters in Applied Geoinformatics
Introduction
2Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
•Carbon footprint: The total sets of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted
to the atmosphere by organizations, products and persons.
•Carbon footprint can be measured by calculating Carbon Dioxide
equivalence (CO2e) (Wright et al, 2011)
•Some software for general carbon footprint measurement include
•Value Chain Manager
•Footprint expert
• One specific mobile carbon footprint application is
• ecorio
Close 
Develop a mobile application for mapping CO2
footprint, specifically;
The application should be able to compute the
carbon footprint generated when travelling
The application should also be able to compute the
carbon footprint generated from daily activities (non
–travel related activities)
Results should be sharable with others in a network
Project Objectives
3Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Start CO2Print App
• Switch phone on
• Internet access enabled
• Web map enabled
• GPS enabled
Select mode of travel
• Road (personal car or
public bus transport)
• Rail (electric or fuel-
powered train)
• Flight class(Economy or
business)
Start Journey
Measure travel distance
• Use GPS track to calculate
distance
• Optionally use difference
in coordinates to calculate
distance
• Note date
• Note Time
• Note travel mode
Plot results
• Plot temporal variations in
total footprint
• Plot a pie-chart on the
contribution of each
journey type
• Plot latest trip on map
Summary results
• Current journey foot print
• Long term cumulative
footprint
• Summarize distance
travelled in each journey
type
Convert distance (units)
to footprint
• Use conversion factors
from DEFRA1 to calculate
CO2e from distance
• Conversion based on
journey type
• Conversion of CO2e from
non-travel sources
1http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg-conversion/
4Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Story board
5Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Conceptual Model
Calculator converts distances to CO2e, conversion factors can also be used to
calculate CO2 from non-travel sources. The travel path and footprint can be
plotted on the phone.
6Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Conversion factors
This conversion table was adopted from DEFRA, UK
Footprint source Units
GHG Conversion
kgCO2e per unit
Water supply cubic meters 0.3441
Electricity kwh 0.97006
Medium petrol car km 0.13984
Large petrol car km 0.2481
Bus km 0.14986
Taxi km 0.17699
Rail km 0.06715
Air (Domestic) km 0.20124
Air (Short-haul international) km 0.11486
Air (Long-haul international) km 0.13143
CO2Print
Start air pool
Start rail pool
Start road pool
My footprint : 123 .kgCO2e
Analysis  Close 
CO2Print App
CO2Print App runs in the
background in the course of a
journey
To start a journey, the user
should select one of the three
travel modes (road, rail, air)
Calculation can also include non-
travel sources
At any time the application
should be able to show a
summary of the CO2 foot print
statistics
7Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Non-travel pool
Road pool
Summary car pool 
Start session 
Select car type 
Close 
Road travel footprint
A user traveling by road can
make a selection depending on
vehicle type, that is ; personal
car/motorbike or public bus
transport
The user should be able to
visualize summary statistics on
CO2 foot print resulting from
road travel
8Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Summary train print
Start session 
Select train type 
Rail pool
Close 
Rail travel footprint
A user traveling in a train can
make a selection depending on
the train type of train
The user should be able to
visualize summary statistics on
CO2 foot print resulting from rail
travel
9Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Summary flight pool
Start session 
Select flight class 
Flight pool
Close 
Air travel footprint
A user traveling by air should
make a selection depending on
the flight class whether Economy
of Business
The user should be able to
visualize summary statistics on
CO2 foot print resulting from air
travel
10Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Summary non-travel CO2
Calculate CO2e
Select other CO2 sources
Other sources
Close 
Non-travel CO2 footprint
CO2e can also be calculated
from other sources including
Water use
Lighting
Washing
Cooking
Heating
Refrigeration
This is made possible by the use
of conversion factor
11Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
My Footprint
Summary foot print 
More Details 
CO2Graphs
Temporal variation
Road
Rail
Air
CO2 Foot print
Close 
My CO2 Footprint
Summary of the recent and
cumulative CO2 footprint from all
the modes of travel
Graphs analyzing the temporal
trend of individual CO2 footprint
and the combination from
different modes of travel
Detailed analysis of the results
including total distance traveled,
total time travelled and links on
how to offset the foot print
12Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Awareness creation
By introducing CO2Print App in social network sites
like Facebook, users can have a summary of their
weekly CO2 footprints together with the associated
graphs automatically posted on their status, this can
help in creating awareness among users.
Weekly “honors” can be awarded to members of a
network who manage to have the lowest amount of
CO2 at the end of each week. Just like, the “Mayor”,
in Foursquare, there can be a “CO2 Champion” for
the CO2Print App.
13Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
How can the App be used in Social Media
Voluntary Offset
An extension of the CO2Print App in social networks
can also include the ability to offset by paying a
small token which can then be used for
environmental protection and conservation
programs.
Such approaches will not only raise the awareness of
the users on the impact of individual behavior on
global climate change, but will also motivate users to
strive to keep low CO2 footprints
14Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
How can the App be used in Social Media
15Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
Conclusion
The CO2Print App discussed in this presentation is one of the ways in which a
location-aware technology to create awareness on critical subjects like climate
change
Plausibility of the results of the application hinge heavily on the accuracy of
location (and distance measurement) and on the conversion factors
Social media can be used to leverage on the benefits of the CO2Print App by
“advertising” member footprints as a way of motivating network members
The use of Carbon footprint offsets can contribute towards the sustainability of
the project and to enable the implementation of tangible benefits by investing
the proceeds in environmental education and conservation projects
16Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
References
 Carbonfund.org (http://www.carbonfund.org)
 ecorio (http://www.ecorio.org/tour.htm)
 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) . (2012) . “2012
greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting”
(http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg-
conversion/)
 UK Carbon Trust. (2013). “What is a carbon footprint?".
(http://www.carbontrust.com/)
 Wright, L.; Kemp, S., Williams, I. (2011). "'Carbon footprinting': towards a
universally accepted definition". Carbon Management 2 (1): 61–72.
doi:10.4155/CMT.10.39

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Project Ideas

  • 1. Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 1 CO2Print: Mobile Carbon Footprint Application OLOO Francis Masters in Applied Geoinformatics
  • 2. Introduction 2Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 •Carbon footprint: The total sets of greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted to the atmosphere by organizations, products and persons. •Carbon footprint can be measured by calculating Carbon Dioxide equivalence (CO2e) (Wright et al, 2011) •Some software for general carbon footprint measurement include •Value Chain Manager •Footprint expert • One specific mobile carbon footprint application is • ecorio
  • 3. Close  Develop a mobile application for mapping CO2 footprint, specifically; The application should be able to compute the carbon footprint generated when travelling The application should also be able to compute the carbon footprint generated from daily activities (non –travel related activities) Results should be sharable with others in a network Project Objectives 3Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 4. Start CO2Print App • Switch phone on • Internet access enabled • Web map enabled • GPS enabled Select mode of travel • Road (personal car or public bus transport) • Rail (electric or fuel- powered train) • Flight class(Economy or business) Start Journey Measure travel distance • Use GPS track to calculate distance • Optionally use difference in coordinates to calculate distance • Note date • Note Time • Note travel mode Plot results • Plot temporal variations in total footprint • Plot a pie-chart on the contribution of each journey type • Plot latest trip on map Summary results • Current journey foot print • Long term cumulative footprint • Summarize distance travelled in each journey type Convert distance (units) to footprint • Use conversion factors from DEFRA1 to calculate CO2e from distance • Conversion based on journey type • Conversion of CO2e from non-travel sources 1http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg-conversion/ 4Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 Story board
  • 5. 5Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 Conceptual Model Calculator converts distances to CO2e, conversion factors can also be used to calculate CO2 from non-travel sources. The travel path and footprint can be plotted on the phone.
  • 6. 6Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 Conversion factors This conversion table was adopted from DEFRA, UK Footprint source Units GHG Conversion kgCO2e per unit Water supply cubic meters 0.3441 Electricity kwh 0.97006 Medium petrol car km 0.13984 Large petrol car km 0.2481 Bus km 0.14986 Taxi km 0.17699 Rail km 0.06715 Air (Domestic) km 0.20124 Air (Short-haul international) km 0.11486 Air (Long-haul international) km 0.13143
  • 7. CO2Print Start air pool Start rail pool Start road pool My footprint : 123 .kgCO2e Analysis  Close  CO2Print App CO2Print App runs in the background in the course of a journey To start a journey, the user should select one of the three travel modes (road, rail, air) Calculation can also include non- travel sources At any time the application should be able to show a summary of the CO2 foot print statistics 7Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 Non-travel pool
  • 8. Road pool Summary car pool  Start session  Select car type  Close  Road travel footprint A user traveling by road can make a selection depending on vehicle type, that is ; personal car/motorbike or public bus transport The user should be able to visualize summary statistics on CO2 foot print resulting from road travel 8Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 9. Summary train print Start session  Select train type  Rail pool Close  Rail travel footprint A user traveling in a train can make a selection depending on the train type of train The user should be able to visualize summary statistics on CO2 foot print resulting from rail travel 9Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 10. Summary flight pool Start session  Select flight class  Flight pool Close  Air travel footprint A user traveling by air should make a selection depending on the flight class whether Economy of Business The user should be able to visualize summary statistics on CO2 foot print resulting from air travel 10Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 11. Summary non-travel CO2 Calculate CO2e Select other CO2 sources Other sources Close  Non-travel CO2 footprint CO2e can also be calculated from other sources including Water use Lighting Washing Cooking Heating Refrigeration This is made possible by the use of conversion factor 11Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 12. My Footprint Summary foot print  More Details  CO2Graphs Temporal variation Road Rail Air CO2 Foot print Close  My CO2 Footprint Summary of the recent and cumulative CO2 footprint from all the modes of travel Graphs analyzing the temporal trend of individual CO2 footprint and the combination from different modes of travel Detailed analysis of the results including total distance traveled, total time travelled and links on how to offset the foot print 12Collective Sensing WS 2012/13
  • 13. Awareness creation By introducing CO2Print App in social network sites like Facebook, users can have a summary of their weekly CO2 footprints together with the associated graphs automatically posted on their status, this can help in creating awareness among users. Weekly “honors” can be awarded to members of a network who manage to have the lowest amount of CO2 at the end of each week. Just like, the “Mayor”, in Foursquare, there can be a “CO2 Champion” for the CO2Print App. 13Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 How can the App be used in Social Media
  • 14. Voluntary Offset An extension of the CO2Print App in social networks can also include the ability to offset by paying a small token which can then be used for environmental protection and conservation programs. Such approaches will not only raise the awareness of the users on the impact of individual behavior on global climate change, but will also motivate users to strive to keep low CO2 footprints 14Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 How can the App be used in Social Media
  • 15. 15Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 Conclusion The CO2Print App discussed in this presentation is one of the ways in which a location-aware technology to create awareness on critical subjects like climate change Plausibility of the results of the application hinge heavily on the accuracy of location (and distance measurement) and on the conversion factors Social media can be used to leverage on the benefits of the CO2Print App by “advertising” member footprints as a way of motivating network members The use of Carbon footprint offsets can contribute towards the sustainability of the project and to enable the implementation of tangible benefits by investing the proceeds in environmental education and conservation projects
  • 16. 16Collective Sensing WS 2012/13 References  Carbonfund.org (http://www.carbonfund.org)  ecorio (http://www.ecorio.org/tour.htm)  Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) . (2012) . “2012 greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting” (http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg- conversion/)  UK Carbon Trust. (2013). “What is a carbon footprint?". (http://www.carbontrust.com/)  Wright, L.; Kemp, S., Williams, I. (2011). "'Carbon footprinting': towards a universally accepted definition". Carbon Management 2 (1): 61–72. doi:10.4155/CMT.10.39