1.
Department of Environmental Sciences
Group Members:
OwaisKhan, M.Bilal, Khalil Ullah, Adnan khan

2.
 The science of producing fish and other
aquatic resources for the purpose of
providing human food, although other
aims are possible (such as sport or
recreational fishing), or obtaining
ornamental fish or fish products such as
fish oil.
 The activity of catching fish and other
living organisms from the wild aiming to
be consumed as seafood.

3.
 Fish and fisheries are an integral part of most societies and
make important contributions to economic and social health
and well-being in many countries and areas.
 It has been estimated that approximately 12.5 million people
are employed in fishery-related activities.
 In recent years global production from capture fisheries has
tended to vary between approximately 85 and 90 million
tonnes.

4.
 Fisheries are harvested for their value either commercial,
recreational, or self-consumption
 The world’s fish resources are suffering the combined effects
of heavy exploitation and in some cases environmental
degradation.
 The primary reasons all come down to a failure in fisheries
governance in most countries.

5.
1. Marine fishing
 Fish catch from sea is known is
marine fishing.
2. Inland fishing
 Fish caught from rivers, lakes streams,
ponds, dams etc is called inland
fishing

6.
 Karachi
 Gawadar
 Pasni
 Jalwani

7.
 The range of marine fishing is consist of
mainly two categories
1. Sindh coastal areas:
 That is about 30% of the total coastal area
of Pakistan.
2. Makran coastal areas:
 That is about 70% of the total coastal area
of Pakistan.

8.
The main fishing centers are:
 Reservoirs of Mangla and Tarbela dam
 River Indus at sukkur, kotri and Thatta
 Haleji lake west of Thatta
 Manchar lake in Dadu district

9.
 Water pollution
 Over fishing
 Thread to Mangroves
 Weak infrastructures
 Lack of knowledge
 Traditional method

10.
 The integrated process of information gathering,
analysis, planning, consultation, decision-making,
allocation of resources and formulation and
implementation of fisheries resources.
 To ensure the continued productivity of the
resources and the accomplishment of other fisheries
objectives.

11.
 Fisheries management involves a complex
and wide-ranging set of tasks.
 Collectively have the achievement of
sustained optimal benefits from the
resources as the underlying goal.

12.
 Pakistan has substantial areas of inland
waters as a result of its location as the
drainage basin for the Himalayas.
 The region between 33 o N and 20 o N
consists of a network of rivers, canals,
reservoirs, lakes, waterlogged areas and
village ponds, etc.

13.
 Cold-water are utilize for trout production and other
commercially important sport fishes such as mahseer (Tor
tor ) and snow trout (Schizothorax richardsonii ).
 The provinces with the greatest potential for development
are Punjab, Sindh and to a lesser extent NWFP.
 In Sindh Province, the majority of the farms are located in
Thatta, Badin and Dadu, the three districts through which the
River Indus passes.

14.
 In Punjab Province Sheikhpura, Gujranwala, and Attock
districts have larger number of farms.
 The NWFP has comparatively fewer farms, because of the
cold climate in the mountainous areas.
 Trout farms are located in Chitral, Swat, Dir, Malakand,
Mansehra, Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA) and
other parts of NA.

15.
 The total number of farms in all provinces
being approximately 13 000.
 The fish farming through culture in ponds and
other natural water bodies has been practiced
for several decades.

16.
 Inland fish farming is under the control of the
provincial governments.
 Supply seed, operate hatcheries, provide extension
services, collect primary data and promote fisheries
through extension manuals, brochures and by
arranging seminars, etc.

17.
 In the past, most fish farmers stocked their ponds only
with indigenous species such as catla (Catla catla ), rohu
(Labeo rohita ), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala ) and common
carp (Cyprinus carpio ).
 Recently, two fast growing species, the grass carp
(Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) and silver carp
(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ) have been introduced
for culture to increase the fish yield per unit area.

18.
 These two species have good economic values.
 Two species of trout namely brown trout (Salmo
trutta ) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss )
are cultured in NWFP, AJK and NA.

19.
 In 1980s all aquaculture in Pakistan consists of
pond culture of various carp species.
 The quality of carp pond design and construction is
highly variable.
 Some commercial farms are well built and
managed.

20.
 Many more are in need of technical and management
assistance.
 Cold water aquaculture provides a unique opportunity
in the mountainous areas of NWFP, Balochistan, AJK and
NA.
 Presently two species, brown trout and rainbow trout,
are being produced and cultured successfully for use in
sport fishing activities.

21.
 The intensive rearing of trout is practiced in commercial
raceways in Swat, Dir, Chitral and Hazara in NWFP and in
AJK and NA.
 Carp are cultured in earthen ponds utilising extensive
polyculture farming systems with very little inputs.
 Combination of 5 or 6 of the three indigenous species
of major Indian carps and 3 exotic species of Chinese
carps are cultivated in the ponds.

22.
 On a typical farm in Pakistan, the ratio of the warm water
species stocked on the farm is as follows:
 Catla (10-20 percent)
 Rahu (30-35 percent)
 Mrigal (15-20 percent),
 Grass carp (15-20 percent)
 Silver carp (15-20 percent).

23.
 Fisheries in global prospect ( Diet, Employment,
Economic)
 World fish production: 130 M. Ton (37 M. Ton
Aquaculture, 92 M. Ton captured) 2001
 China is leading: ( 42 M. Ton Total production,
33% of world), (16 M. Ton Aquaculture, 26 M. Ton
captured), ( 69 % aquaculture of world)

24.
 38% world fishes traded
 74 % diet use, 26% non diet use
 200 M employment
 950 M people’s primary diet

25.
 In Pakistan fisheries are very rich in resources
but Fisheries department is neglected.
 0.8 % GDP
 70% of caught fish is exported (1.6 kg
/person/year fish demand as compared to world
16 kg/person/year)
 1 M people involved

26.
 Fishery plays an important role in the national
economy.
 It provides employment to about 300,000
fishermen directly.
 In addition, another 400,000 people are employed
in ancillary industries.
 It is also a major source of export earning.
 In July-May 2002-03 fish and fishery products
valued at US $ 117 million were exported from
Pakistan.

27.
 Fish and fishery products are processed and
exported to over 50 countries.
 About 30 – 35% of the fish and fishery products
are exported to European Union countries.
 Japan, U. S. A. China, Saudi Arabia, U. A. E.
Malaysia, S. Korea, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka and
Singapore are other major importing countries.

28.
 Fish export has showed an increasing trend in
the past many years.
 Substantial decrease has occurred during
1998-99 which is attributed mainly due to glut
in the international market and because of
financial crises in the Southeast Asian
countries.

29.
 The Government of Pakistan is taking various
measures to increase the export of seafood over
US$ 500 million within next two years.
The measures are:
 Up-gradation of fishing vessels to control post
harvest losses
 Provision of modern peeling sheds for providing
raw material to fish processing industry.
 Flake ice plants on harbours

30.
 Intensive marketing efforts at international
level.
 Promotion of marine aquaculture.
 Human resource development through training.
 Regular monitoring of resources through stock
assessment surveys and exploratory fishing.
 Procurement of handling and cleaning
equipments for fish harbours.
 Construction of coastal highway

31.
The major fish harbours of Pakistan are
 Karachi Fisheries Harbour is being operated by
Provincial Government of Sindh.
 Karachi Fish Harbour handles about 90% of fish and
seafood catch in Pakistan and 95% of fish and
seafood exports from Pakistan.

32.
 Korangi Fish Harbour is being managed by Federal
Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock.
 Pasni Fish Harbour being operated by Provincial
Government of Balochistan.
 Gwadar Fish Harbour being operated by Federal
Ministry of Communication.

33.
 There are 29 fish processing units in Pakistan with
storage capacity of 10,000 tons.
 Out of these 25 units are locate in Karachi of
Federal Government.
 Provided intelligentsia and technical assistance to
seafood establishments for improving their
processing conditions in line with various EU /
international standards.

34.
Organization of Fisheries
Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and
Livestock
Fisheries development
Commissioner Plans
and Policies
Marine Fisheries
Department
Pakistan Agriculture
Research Council
Deals with research in
Fisheries

35.
 Current legislative framework dealing with
fisheries in the country is the Exclusive Fishing
Zone act.
 1975 as amended in 1993.
 It regulates the management of fishing in
exclusive economic zone of the country.
 The United Nations Convention on the Law of
the Sea gives coastal States the authority to
manage fisheries within their jurisdiction.

36.
 The EU Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery
Products has been developed by the EU Codex
Committee on Fish and Fishery Products.
 Gives general advice on the production, storage
and handling of fishery products on board
fishing vessels and on shore.
 Deals with the distribution and retail display of
fish and fishery products.

37.
 The provisions of the law cover:
 Licensing and management of fishing operation
 Fishing craft subject to navigational regulation
 Prohibiting illegal, dynamite and poisoning fishing
 Closed season and prohibited area
 Penalties in contravention of any provisions such as
seizure and disposal of fishing craft, fishing gear
and fish catch.

38.
Grass Carp
 Size: 90 to 110 cm
 Typical Location: In weedy and
slow flowing or standing
waters of lakes, ponds, pools
and rivers.
Mahseer
 Other Names: Tor putitora
 Typical Location: Fast flowing
mountain rivers, pools and
lakes

39.
Catfish
 Size: 12 cm
 Typical Location: Fresh water
lakes
 Other Names: Siluriformes, Ray-
finned fish
Mrigal Carp
 Other Names: Cirrhinus cirrhosus,
Pla,Mrigal and Morakhi
 Size: 60cm
Typical Location: Rivers, lakes
mostly deeper water bodie

40.
Trout
 Other Names: Salmo Trutta
 Size: 20 to 30 in (51 to 76 cm)
 Typical Location: Streams, Lakes,
Rivers
Common Carp
 Other Names: Carp, Karpe,
Gulfam, Cyprinus carpio carpio
 Size: 5 feet (1.5 m)
 Typical Location: Slow flowing
or standing waters with soft
bottom, Brackish Lakes, Rivers,
Ponds

41.
 To maintain the target species at or above the levels
necessary to ensure their continued productivity
(biological).
 To minimize the impacts of fishing on the physical
environment and on non-target (bycatch), associated
and dependent species (ecological).
 To maximize the net incomes of the participating fishers
(economic).

42.
 To maximize employment opportunities for
those dependent on the fishery for their
livelihoods (social).
 The over-riding goal of fisheries management
is the long-term sustainable use of the
fisheries resources.

43.
 National Aquaculture Sector Overview Pakistan
 A brief on fisheries of Pakistan
 Introduction to fisheries and aquaculture FISH-401
 Wikipedia
 Regulatory Framework in Pakistan for Fisheries
Posted on February 11, 2009 by pklawyers
 List of Freshwater Fishes for Pakistan