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2. Oil sensor
Water coolant
temperature
Oxygen sensor
Fuel level
Accelerometer
Seat belt tension
Passenger Occupancy
Wheel speed
Speedometer
Tire pressure monitor
Radar sensor
Rain sensor
Anti thief sensors
Parking sensor
Indoor/outdoor
temperature sensors
GPS
Tachometer
Odometer

4.  Oxygen sensor
 Oil sensors
 Fuel gauge Dip - stick

5.  Miniature voltage generator
 Compare the exhaust O2 level and outside air
O2 level

7.  On-board oil sensors and
oil analyzers installed
 Oil pressure: Hydrostatic
force per unit area
 Age of the oil in the
engine: dielectric
constant of the oil.
Parallel plate capacitor
separated by oil. An oil
dielectric tester
correlates to the acidity
of the oil and indicates
the level of oil
degradation

8.  Inaccurate due to its mechanism, shape of fuel
tank
 Gauge: resistance ↑, current ↓, bimetallic cools,
straighten out, pull needle form full to empty.
 Newer car: resistor output into a microprocessor
– compensate shape of tank
 Damping needle movment up hill , down hill ,
Float turn

10.  They are proximity
sensors.
 These system feature
ultrasonic proximity
detectors.
An Audi A4 B7 Avant 2.0 TDI Parksensor

13.  Left figure shows a
tachometer that can
show up to 7000 RPM

14.  Speed
 Wheel speed
 Engine ignition timing
 Tahometer
 Odometer

16.  Transmission and driveshaft rotate →
mandrel too → permanent magnet
rotate → rotating magnetic field →
force act on speed cup → electrical
curretn flows (Eddy current) → drag
torque → needle rotate same
direction as magnetic field
• Transmission output rotate with a
toothed metal disk at the end
• Stationary detector covers a
magnetic coil
• Teeth move past the coil “interrupt”
the magnetic field → series of
pulses sent to computer

17.  Distance indicator.
LCD Digital Odometer Blue Display from
2000 Jeep Grand Cherokee Laredo.

18. An another (specifically neon) Odometer.

19.  For ABS one need to know the speed of each wheel

21.  Modern accelerometers
based on simplest
MEMS design
 Mass-damper-spring
 Air bag deployment
system – rapid negative
acceleration
 Electronic stability
control
Si
tether

22.  Two capacitator
configuration
 Measure difference
between two
capacitance

23. RF communication with on board computer

24. Simplest form, it is nothing but one or more sensors
connected to some sort of siren
Most modern car alarm systems:
 An array of sensors that can include switches, pressure
sensors and motion detectors
 A siren, often able to create a variety of sounds so that you
can pick a distinct sound for your car
 A radio receiver to allow wireless control from a key fob
 An auxiliar y batter y so that the alarm can operate even if
the main battery gets disconnected
 A computer control unit that monitors everything and
sounds the alarm -- the "brain" of the system

26.  In a closed-circuit system, the electric circuit is closed when the door is shut. This means
that as long as the door is closed, electricity can flow from one end of the circuit to the other.
But if somebody opens the door, the circuit is opened, and electricity can't flow. This triggers an
alarm.
 In an open-circuit system, opening the door closes the circuit, so electricity begins to flow. In
this system, the alarm is triggered when the circuit is completed

28.  Breaking glass has its
own sound frequency
 Air pressure brief
change as door open,
windows break, even if
the inside outside
pressure is the same

29.  Detects radar/laser
signals
 Try to disturb the
reflected waves
 Emits jamming signals
 Warn the driver

30.  Car radar detector
(Japanese)

31.  Vehicle will be fitted with sensors that
can detect potential collisions and take
action
 Firm claims 'nobody will be killed or
injured in a new Volvo by 2020'
 The headline of dailymail.uk (as on 5th
Dec,2012) read “Volvo develops the 'no
death' car: Vehicles which drive
themselves and are totally crashproof
could be on British roads in eight
years.”

32. Future Concepts

35. THANK YOU!