This document defines propaganda and discusses techniques commonly used to manipulate public opinion, especially during wartime. It identifies 13 known propaganda techniques: bandwagon, testimonial, euphemisms, appeal to authority, plain folks, transfer, fear, glittering generalities, name-calling, black and white, simplicity and repetition. It encourages analyzing two videos to identify examples of these techniques being used to sell points or present information in a biased way. The final part prompts creating a propaganda piece for a virtual museum exhibit on the topic.

1. Propaganda and War……How do they sell it? YNT History Tech 2011 The Power of Propaganda – Time 4 minutes 12 seconds

2. What is propaganda? A way of manipulating people by using.. Images and/or Words to achieve a desired effect or outcome. It can cloud reality and gets in the way of clear thinking. Wartime use – it is designed to…. Provide a focus for Mistrust Hatred Dehumanize the enemy

3. KNOWN TECHNIQUES

4. Bandwagon Hop on or you won’t fit in……. Everyone is doing it, so you should too….. This technique/strategy… is used as and known as peer pressure No one wants to be left out….right??? Everyone listens to the Fuhrer 

5. Testimonial Performed by Billy Murray in 1917 (1 minute 8 seconds) Endorsed by a celebrity or expert This person may or may not be an expert. Disney made many videos during second world war, before and after They build rational reasons inside the brain of citizens and they will do what you want...modern democracy!

6. Euphemisms The use of words or statements that deter from the meaning, to make it …….. Not as bad More tasteful To the general public http://www.euphemismlist.com/ Examples: Using the term “resettlement” to describe the mass murder of the Jews by Germany Ethnic cleansing “collateral damage” for civilian casualties

7. Appeal to Authority Similar to a testimonial Supports a idea

8. Plain Folks Associated with / as regular people

9. Transfer To transfer the fame, prestige, or reliability of something or someone to an issue that may or may not be related Example: The Nazis justified treatment of the Jews by “proving” their inferiority through their own science.

10. Fear Used to convince people that danger is imminent if they do or do not do some specific action.

11. Glittering Generalities Words or images that carry favorable meaning to everyone: Liberty Democracy Freedom Civilization Problem: Words mean different things to different people

12. Name-Calling Links a person or an idea to a negative image Causes rejection Uses descriptive words

13. Black and White Presents an issue and you only have two choices

14. Simplicity and Repetition Keep it simple Say it often People will remember it and believe it.

15. Show us what you have learned……Watch the following 9 minute video, each time you see a KNOWN PROPAGANDA technique list the type and how they used it to present their selling points……….. Anti Communist Propaganda – Time 9 minutes 30 seconds

16. Project Task……Propaganda Room….What will your student created propaganda piece look like on the wall of your group’s virtual museum??? WWII Propaganda Cartoon Donald Gets Drafted (1942) - Time 8 minutes 52 seconds