2. USE
To talk about something which started in
the past and continues up to the present.
For things which have happened during
a period of time that continue up to the
present.
when the result of a past action is
connected to the present.
3. FORM
VERBAL
Positive S + Have/has + V3 + O/C
Negative S + Have/has + Not + V3 +O/C
Interrogative Have/has + S + V3 + O/C
NOMINAL
Positive S + Have/has + been + O/C
Negative S + Have/has + Not + been + O/C
Interrogative Have/has + been + S + O/C
4. SUBJECT & TO BE
I
We
You Have
They
He
She Has
It
REMEMBER
5. EXAMPELS (VERBAL)
Positive
… We have dug the hole already.
… My teacher has wished to buy some book recently.
Negative
… We haven’t dug the hole already.
… My teacher hasn’t wished to buy some book recently.
Interrogative
… Have we dug the hole already? Yes, we have or No, we haven’t
… Has my teacher wished to buy some book? Yes, she has or No, she
hasn’t
6. EXPLANATION
Pada contoh di atas terdapat kata kerja yang
mengalami perubahan, yaitu :
… Dug
… Sold
IRREGULER VERB
Infinitive (V1) Past Tense (V2) Past Participle (V3)
Dig Dug Dug
Sell Sold Sold
REGULER VERB
Watch Watched Watched
Wish Wished Wished
7. EXAMPLES (NOMINAL)
Positive
… I have been sleepy several times.
… Maya has been there for an hour.
Negative
… I have not been sleepy several times.
… Maya has not been there for an hour.
Interrogative
… Have I been sleepy several times? Yes, you have or No, you haven’t
… Has Maya been there for an hour? Yes, she has or No, she hasn’t
8. TIME ADVERBIAL
Already
Lately
Recently
For an hour
For a week
Many times
Etc….
