Strip-Till Soil Preparation

L'Agronomia nelle nuove Agriculturæ
XLVII Convegno Nazionale SIA
#ChaireAMNT
Strip-Till for Fine Seedbed
Preparation in Silty Soil
Davide RIZZO Benoît DETOT Andrii YATSKUL Carolina UGARTE
● RIZZO et al. 2018
@pievarino
#ChaireAMNT
Sept 13 2018, Marsala ITA
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UniLaSalle
A few words about us
©D.RIZZO,2018CCBY-SA
|| ABOUT US || BACKGROUND || PROTOTYPE || CONCLUSION ||

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Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle
A private higher education institute
2800 students
3 integrated degree
programs in Food &
Health, Geology &
Environment,
Agronomy and other
Bachelor and Master
degree programs
4 Academic and
Industrial Chairs
4 research groups
and several facilities member of the Lasallian education network
3 campuses in northern France:
Beauvais, Rouen, Rennes
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#ChaireAMNTStrip-Till for Fine Seedbed
The Chair is backed by UniLaSalle with the
financial support from the Michelin Corporate
Foundation, AGCO Massey-Ferguson, the
Hauts-de-France Regional Council and the
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Research and education team
adressing the innovation of agricultural
equipment and technologies
We aim to enable students, farmers and
producers to master the disruptive
transformation of the agricultural
machinery and the opportunities
provided by new technologies.
© Davide Rizzo, 2018 CC BY-NC-SA
Rizzo D, Dubois M, Combaud A (2018) Innovation des agroéquipements :
au carrefour entre agriculteurs, industriels et formation. Beauvais, FRA,
http://bit.ly/2G5dPu9
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Agritech innovation cluster
The AMNT Chair works in collaboration with the AgriLab® open
innovation platform. We are part of the French cluster for agritech
innovation and digital agriculture placed in the Hauts-de-France
region and backed by the Beauvaisis agglomeration community
© Davide Rizzo, AgriLab® 2018 CC BY-NC-SA
5
Rizzo D, Fourati F, Ceapraz L, et al (in preparation) Identifying the actors’ interactions within an agricultural innovation system towards sustainability.
The case of a French cluster for agritech innovation. In: International workshop on System Innovation towards Sustainable Agriculture. Riga, Latvia
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327051788_Identifying_the_actors'_interactions_within_an_agricultural_innovation_system_towards_sustainability_The_case_of_a_French_c
luster_for_agritech_innovation

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Background
& challenges
Enabling cropping system innovation
©AENT158,Photottest06,2018

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Sustainable intensification of crop production
A call for agricultural (equipment) innovation
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In the past, intensifying
meant to bring new land
into cultivation
Current and prospected
trends in world population
growth orient to foster
more efficient use and
management of the
resources (Pisante et al. 2012)
Pisante et al. (2012) Agricultural innovations for sustainable crop production intensification. IJA 7:300–311. doi: 10.4081/ija.2012.e40
DeJong-Hughes J (2017) Upper Midwest Tillage Guide-Reducing tillage intensity : Soil management and health : Agriculture : University of Minnesota
Extension. In: Soil management and health. https://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/soils/tillage/tillage-guide-intensity/ .
Agronomists are again
questioning soil tillage
practices to reduce tillage
intensity to:
 reduce fuel use, time & labour
 improve soil organic matter
building and soil health
(DeJong-Hughes 2017).

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This study
BACKGROUND.
The sustainable intensification
process has 2 main barriers: the
learning curve to master new
techniques and the cost of
equipment suited for the new
practices.
AIM. To discuss an ongoing
student strip-till prototype drawn
within an innovation cropping
system approach.
©DavideRIZZO,Strip-tillproject,2018CC-BY-SA4.0
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Context: project RéSIAR (2015-2020)
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“Demonstrating site network”
Funding: ~ 2.7 million € by European
Regional Development Fund, French State
and Hauts-de-France Regional Council.
AIM. To study and show the
feasibility of the diversification of
current cropping systems by the
introduction of food and non-food
crops for feed, bio-based products
and bioenergy.
4 demonstration sites and 3 areas
to explore new supply chains.
Aizecourt-le-Haut
Ferme 3.0
Landifay
Catenoy
UniLaSalle

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Three 4-year crop sequences
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Regional mixed farming
system: rapeseed, winter
wheat, silage maize.
Illustration adapted from: Lamerre et al; (2017) Assessing environmental impacts of bioeconomy. Oriented cropping systems using
Life Cycle Assessment approach. In: International LCA Conference, congrès Av’nir. Lille, FRA
Food 3 Food 1
Food 2Feed
Harvested
catch crop
Food 1 Food 2
Feed Food 3
HVC
Feed 4
Feed 3
Feed 1
Feed 2
HVC
HVC
food-priority biomass-priority
Replicated with / without soil tillage on our site
baseline
Crop residues
( ) exported
( ) reintegrated
Intensification of fodder
or energy crop production

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Agronomic
challenges
Increasing biomass
(feed & bioenergy)
production
Achieving autonomy
for livestock feeding
Simplifying
soil tillage
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Pedological constraints
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The region shows a predominance
of silt and silt loam soils (USDA)
 weak structural stability: high
risk of crusting and erosion.
 benefit from simplified soil
tillage, when operated shortly
before the seeding, because
reducing soil degradation.
STRIP-TILLAGE combines
reduction of labour time, and
preparation of fine seedbed, as
required for maize and beet.
Duval R (2014) Le strip-till en betteraves sucrières : résultats ITB
Laufer D, Koch H-J (2017) Growth and yield formation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris
L.) under strip tillage compared to full width tillage on silt loam soil in Central Europe.
EJA 82:182–189.
Sourcehttps://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/topsoil-physical-properties-europe-based-lucas-topsoil-data

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Available commercial strip-tillage tools
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Mostly passive, generally operated
at 10-12 km/h, can achieve fine
seedbed if used months ahead
seeding
They can be combined only with
recent planters or operated
separately by using RTK-GPS.
Altogether, these machines and
technologies may require high
investments by farmers, eventually
hampering the whole farming system
innovation.
© @benj_thi.JPG Sugar beet seeding #FranceAgriTwittos
© Alandmanson Strip-till 2011 09 07 1709.jpg CC-BY-SA
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Strip-till_2011_09_07_1709.jpg#/media/File:Strip-till_2011_09_07_1709.jpg

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The agronomic design specs
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Strip-till
specifications
required to
enable the
biomass-priority
crop sequence
Fine seedbed for sugar beet and maize
Previous cover: living mulch, meadow or
ryegrass-clover
10 cm tillage width
x 10-20 cm adjustable cultivating depth
Combinable with the two farm planters
 maximum speed of 3 km/h
Variable row spacing or at least:
 6 rows at 45 cm (sugar beet, silage maize)
 6 rows at 50 cm (sunflower)
 4 rows at 80 cm (grain corn)
Frame size adapted for road transportation,
easy hitching and operator safety

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Main results
The strip-till element early prototype
©AENT158,Disqueouvreur,2017

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Agricultural Equipment & New Technologies
3 years of Bachelor level
Fundamental and applied knowledge:
background in agricultural sciences.
2 years of Master level
Professionalization: applied programs in
agriculture, agronomy and the food industry.
www.unilasalle.fr
The course of study in agronomy backed by the Chair
In 2016 the Chair started a new
specialization in agricultural equipment
and new technologies (AENT)
2017 AENT graduation is composed by
7 students with a solid background in
farming (sons of farmers and the like).
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Final strip-till prototype
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Tilling direction

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Controlling the
tilling depth
Easing the soil
capillary rise
Reducing
surface
aggregates size
Strip-till element features
Press wheel
Aerating the
soil
Working the
different soil
horizons
Removing the
cover debris
previously cut
Rotary tiller Ripper Coulters
Cutting roots
Defining
seedbed row
Controlling
tilling depth
Loosen the
topsoil (soil tilth)
Grinding and
mixing cover
crop residues
through the
upper soil layer
Finalizing the
seedbed
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Tilling direction

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Field tests to improve the design
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Tillage width Tillage width Tilth quality
© AENT 158, 2018 CC-BY-NC-SA. Source: http://agrilab.unilasalle.fr/projets/projects/strip-till/wiki

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Open source documentation
http://agrilab.unilasalle.fr/
The importance to formalize and transfer knowledge
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From education to innovation
Final goal: to ease the mastery of
technologies starting from the
design of agricultural equipment
based upon agronomic
specifications.
>> engaging students and farmers in a
problem-oriented and project-based
learning
>> facing project management under
knowledge uncertainty
>> practitioner approach to contribute with
solution better suited for famers
© AENT 2018, Positionnement_fraise CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Take home messages
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Reducing width and frequency of soil tillage appeared as a lever to deploy
the sustainable intensification of crop production in a mixed farming system
on silt soil. Cost and customization of tillage equipment emerged as a
major barrier for desired innovation.
We involved a group of agronomy students to design a fully adapted strip-
tillage tool, based on farmers’ and agronomic specifications, with the final
goal to operationalize the design and adoption of sustainable production
practices.
© AENT 2018 Strip-till prototype CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

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Thank you! Any question?
The Authors acknowledge the fundamental work done by the 6 students
who designed and prototyped the strip-till element
Name.surname[at]unilasalle.fr @pievarinowww.unilasalle.fr
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©D.RIZZO,Presentationofthestrip-tillprototype,2018CC-BY-NC-SA4.0

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Acknowledgements. The Authors acknowledge the fundamental work done by the six
AENT students (graduation year 158) by documenting the key steps of the strip-till
prototype element. This work has been supported by Agricultural Machinery and New
Technologies Chair, backed by UniLaSalle with the financial support from the Michelin
Corporate Foundation, AGCO, the Hauts-de-France Regional Council and the
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Suggested citation: Rizzo, D., Detot, B., Yatskul, A., Ugarte, C., 2018. Sustainable
Intensification of Crop Production Requires Agricultural Equipment Innovation: the Case
of Strip-Till for Fine Seedbed Preparation in Silty Soil. Presented at the L’Agronomia
nelle nuove Agriculturæ (Biologica, Conservativa, Digitale, di Precisione), SIA - Società
Italiana di Agronomia, Marsala, ITA, p. 2.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326449772_Sustainable_Intensification_of_Crop_Production_Requires_
Agricultural_Equipment_Innovation_the_Case_of_Strip-Till_for_Fine_Seedbed_Preparation_in_Silty_Soil
Copyright: © 2018 Rizzo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY-NS-SA 4.0 that permits free
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited. The use shall not be for commercial purposes and any derivate
must keep the same license as the original. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Source Availability Statement: the documentation of the strip-till element will be
publicly available on the AgriLab® collaborative platform: http://agrilab.unilasalle.fr
Designandlayout:DavideRizzo,Sept.2018
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Strip-Till Soil Preparation

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Strip-Till Soil Preparation