1. SMEs – Financing through Capital
Market and related issues
Pavan Kumar Vijay
Managing Director

2. Definition of SMEs
 There are various type of small enterprises:
Manufacturing
 A micro enterprise : Where the investment in plant and machinery does not exceed
25 lakh rupees;
 A small enterprise: Where the investment in plant and machinery is more than 25
lakh rupees but does not exceed 5 crore rupees;
 A medium enterprise: Where the investment in plant and machinery is more than 5
crore rupees but does not exceed 10 crore rupees;
Services
 A micro enterprise : Where the investment in plant and machinery does not exceed
10 lakh rupees;
 A small enterprise: Where the investment in plant and machinery is more than 10
lakh rupees but does not exceed 2 crore rupees;
 A medium enterprise: Where the investment in plant and machinery is more than 2
crore rupees but does not exceed 5 crore rupees

3. Contribution of SMEs in Indian Economy
Industrial
45%
Output
Exports 40%
Indian SME
Market Value
Industrial
95%
Units
$ 5 billion
42 Million (4 times
Employment higher than large
enterprise)
Products More than 8000

4. Industries where SMEs have made remarkable progress:
Precision
Manufacturing Food Processing
Engineering
Agro Service sectors Pharmaceuticals
Textile &
IT Retail
Garments

5. Features of SMEs
 SMEs are started by one or two person with their own funds.
 SMEs generally begins because the founder/owner has a particular technical
expertise
 SMEs are engaged in innovative and technology driven areas..
 SMEs majorly operate on trust, rather than on systems and contracts.
 SMEs have a tight family-like culture where the values of the owner are strongly
shared by the staff and workplace practices are flexible and suited to individual
employees' needs
 SMEs are not aware of the regulations to which it is expected to adhere.

6. Problems faced by SMEs
 Absence of adequate and timely finance
 Limited knowledge and non-availability of suitable technology
 Low production capacity
 Ineffective marketing and identification of new markets FINANCING
GAP
 Constraints on modernization and expansions
 Non availability of highly skilled labour at affordable cost
 Follow up with various agencies in solving regular activities
 Lack of interaction with government agencies on various matters.

7. Reasons for SMEs financing Gap
 An incomplete range of financial products and services
 Gaps in the legal framework .
 Lack of information on both the bank’s and the SME’s side.
 Lack of sufficient collateral.
 A Substantial risk of loss .
 Increased interest rates for SMEs to cover up increased risk, which make bank
financing difficult for SMEs
 More volatile pattern of growth and earnings, with greater fluctuations .
 Low survival rate.
 Difficulty to distinguish the business / financials of the company from that of its
owners.

8. FINANCING THROUGH CAPITAL
MARKET

9. SME Capital Market Framework – Past scenario
 Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI)
 A platform for small businesses with a capital base as low as Rs. 30 lakhs, to
raise money from the public.
 The rolling settlement system, the depository, an electronic trading
network or a short settlement period, all these were first introduced into
the Indian market by the OTCEI.
 There was a problem in finding listings of good, sound companies that
would have been a favourable advertisement for the Exchange.
 OTCEI was also established as an ideal one for technology companies and
start-ups. However, it failed to attract the better technology IPOs.
 OTCEI today has very few active trading members.
 A large section comprise also members of either the NSE or the BSE.

10. SME Capital Market Framework – Bridging the Gap
(Decisions taken in SEBI Board Meeting dated November 9, 2009)
 SMEs exempt from eligibility norm applicable for IPOs and FPOs under SEBI (ICDR)
Regulations, 2009
IPO/FPO norms under ICDR:
 Net tangible assets of at least Rs. 3 cr. in each of the preceding 3 full years,
 A track record of distributable profits for at least 3 out of immediately
preceding 5 years and
 a net worth of at least Rs. 1 cr. in each of the preceding 3 years
 Aggregate size of proposed issue and previous issues in the same FY does not
exceed five times its pre-issue net worth.
OR
 the issue is made through the book building process, or at least fifteen per cent.
of the cost of the project is contributed by scheduled commercial banks or
public financial institutions, and
 the minimum post-issue face value capital of the issuer is ten crore rupees, or
market-making for at least two years

11. SME Capital Market Framework
(Decisions taken in SEBI Board Meeting dated November 9, 2009)
For SMEs For other Companies
• Minimum IPO Application Size of • Minimum application value is Rs.
Rs. 1 Lakh 5000-7000.
• Minimum trading Lot is Rs. 1 Lakh • Minimum trading Lot is 1 Equity
share
• No minimum paid up capital
requirement for listing on SMEs • Minimum paid up capital of Rs. 3
platform. Cr. is required for listing on BSE
and Rs. 10 Cr. for listing on NSE.
• Maximum paid up capital limit is • No maximum paid up capital limit
Rs. 25 Cr.

12. SME Capital Market Framework
(Decisions taken in SEBI Board Meeting dated November 9, 2009)
For SMEs For other companies
• Offer document to be filed with SEBI • Offer document to be filed with SEBI
and the stock exchange. However, no and the stock exchange for a
observation will be issued by SEBI. minimum period of 30 days in which
SEBI may issue its observations.
• Compulsory Market Making for a • No mandatory market making
minimum period of three year. requirement except in certain
circumstances.
• During complusory Market Making
promoters / acquirers can not dilute
their shareholding to Market Maker.

13. SME Capital Market Framework
(Decisions taken in SEBI Board Meeting dated November 9, 2009)
For SMEs For other companies
• SEBI (SAST) Regulations, 1997 will • SEBI (SAST) Regulations, 1997 does
not be applicable to market maker. not apply to registered Market
Maker for acquisition of shares in
the ordinary course of business.
• Mandatory underwriting of 100% of • Mandatory underwriting of 100% of
the issue size net offer to public in case book-
building issue. No requirement in
case of fixed price issue.

14. SME Capital Market Framework
(Decisions taken in SEBI Board Meeting dated November 9, 2009)
For SMEs For other Companies
• Minimum 15% mandatory • Minimum 5% mandatory
underwriting by Merchant Banker underwriting by Merchant Banker, if
the issue is underwritten.
• Minimum number of allottees in IPO • Minimum number of allottees in IPO
shall be 50 shall be 1000.
• Preparation and submission of • Preparation and submission of
financial results to the stock financial results to the stock
exchanges on Half-yearly basis. exchanges on Quarterly basis.

15. Need to develop SME Sector
If SME sector has to be developed, the major reforms are required in banking
system as well as capital market to provide timely and cost-effective financing
solutions to this enterprises to develop their business idea.

16. Thank You