Enlightenment Ideals in Latin America
•Descargar como PPTX, PDF•
2 recomendaciones•1,601 vistas
This document provides an overview of the Enlightenment and how its ideals were implemented in Latin America. It defines implementation as accomplishing an aim or order, and ideals as a standard of perfection or principle to aim for. It then discusses the times before the Enlightenment, the influences on the Enlightenment like the Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution. Key thinkers like Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Beccaria are summarized. Finally, it discusses how the Enlightenment ideals were implemented in documents like the Declaration of Independence and US Constitution, drawing from these thinkers.
Recomendados
Más contenido relacionado
Similar a Enlightenment Ideals in Latin America
Similar a Enlightenment Ideals in Latin America (20)
Más de Par Pandit
Más de Par Pandit (17)
Último
Último (20)
Enlightenment Ideals in Latin America
- 1. Enlightenment Par Pandit • Update from 2012 PowerPoint • Current PowerPoint is for Carlmont High School students
- 2. Who is this?
- 3. Who is this?
- 4. Who is this?
- 5. Who is this?
- 6. Who is this? James Madison Father of the Constitution
- 7. Enlightenment and Latin America The Implementation of Ideals
- 8. Definition • Implementation: the act of accomplishing some aim or executing some order • Ideals: A standard of perfection; a principle to be aimed at
- 9. Times Before Enlightenment • You were born into a class and had to stay there
- 10. Times Before Enlightenment • Catholic Church interpreted the Bible for non-clergy people • What language was the Bible written in?
- 11. Times Before Enlightenment • Justice was often arbitrary or based on superstition
- 12. Times Before Enlightenment • Justice was often arbitrary or based on superstition • Punishment was cruel and did not fit the crime
- 13. Times Before Enlightenment • Lack of understanding about health and science – Black Death
- 14. Times Before Enlightenment • Certain countries had absolute monarchy – Royalty sets all rules based on the “Divine Right of Kings” o Spain o France o England – complicated, 1215, 1649, 1660 • The theory of divine right was abandoned in England during the Glorious Revolution of 1688–89
- 15. Times Before Enlightenment • People thought that human nature was not changeable • People did not think about how the environment can affect people
- 16. Times Before Enlightenment Review • Feudalism – monarchs, nobles, knights, serfs • Catholic Church interpreted the Bible for non-clergy people – Pope, archbishops, bishops, priests • Justice was arbitrary or based on superstition • Punishment was cruel and not fit the crime • Human nature was considered not changeable • Certain countries had absolute monarchy – Kings sets all rules • Lack of understanding about health – Black Death
- 18. Renaissance mid 1300’s to early 1600’s • Start questioning old ideas (from Middle Ages) • Interest in human society and natural world and the potential of all human beings • Don’t believe that one should remain in his class based on birth. • Reward individual achievement over class or family name
- 19. Protestant Reformation 1517-1600s • Martin Luther • Bible is the ultimate source of religious authority for Christians, not the Church • Printing press and language translations made the Bible readable for the public and improves literacy
- 20. Scientific Revolution 1500s-1700s • Development in science transformed views of society and nature • Mathematics • Physics • Astronomy • Biology • Chemistry • Scientific Method
- 21. Scientific Revolution 1500s-1700s • Development in science transformed views of society and nature • Mathematics • Physics • Astronomy • Biology • Chemistry • Scientific Method
- 23. Influences on Enlightenment • Renaissance Question accepted beliefs Celebrate the Individual • Scientific Revolution Trust in reason and observation leading to progress • Reformation Individuals think for themselves Not accept blind authority (i.e. Church)
- 24. Enlightenment 1650-1789 John Locke (1632-1704) • Rejects “Divine Rights of Kings” concept • Government is to protect natural rights of life, liberty, and property • Government Authority comes from consent of the governed • People have the right to overthrow the government • Popular Sovereignty What does this make you think of?
- 25. Enlightenment 1650-1789 John Locke (1632-1704) His version of Social Contract • Consent of people give power to the government • Give up certain freedoms for benefits • Right to overthrow the government • Primary purpose is to protect natural rights
- 26. Enlightenment 1650-1789 John Locke (1632-1704) Natural Rights • Inalienable Rights/Unalienable Rights • Birthright • Influenced Thomas Jefferson
- 27. Enlightenment 1650-1789 Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) • French political thinker • Admires England’s form of government based on English Common Law • Concerned with personal liberty • Separation of Powers • Executive • Legislature • Judicial
- 28. Enlightenment 1650-1789 Voltaire (1694-1778) • French writer, historian, and philosopher • Freedom of Speech • Freedom of Religion
- 29. Enlightenment 1650-1789 Casare Beccaria (1738-1794) • • • • Italian jurist, philosopher, and politician Rights of “accused” to fair treatment Fair and speedy trial Against cruel and unusual punishment
- 31. Quiz Get a whiteboard for your table
- 32. Quiz What Enlightened Thinker influenced the following from the Declaration of Independence: “…All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness…” Endowed: to furnish, as with some talent, faculty, or quality Unalienable: not to be separated, given away, or taken away
- 33. Quiz What Enlightened Thinker influenced the following from the Constitution: “Article I: Legislative Power… Article II: Nature and Scope of Executive Power… Article III: Judicial Power, Courts, Judges…” Legislative: having the power to make laws Executive: having the power to put laws into effect Judicial: having the power to interpret the law and its legality
- 34. Quiz What Enlightened Thinker may have influenced the following from the Constitution: “Amendment 1: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press …”
- 35. Quiz What Enlightened Thinker may have influenced the following from the Constitution: “Amendment 8: Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.”
- 36. Implementation • Like John Locke, colonists shared foundations of Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights • Declaration of Independence echoed Locke’s ideas on natural rights and the purpose of government • Constitution Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers Bill of Rights protects Voltaire’s freedom of speech and religion ideas Bill of Rights protects Becarria’s belief that an accused person has a right to a fair trial and to not suffer cruel and unusual punishment
- 37. Estimated Timeline Greeks and Romans 500 BCE – Renaissance 13001650 476 CE Middle Ages Magna Carta 1215
- 38. Estimated Timeline Glorious Revolution Reformation 1517-1648 1688 Scientific Revolution 1600-1800
- 40. Estimated Timeline Rise of European Nationalism (Italy, Germany) African and Indian Independence 1804-1908 1900-2000 Latin American Independence 1780-1889
- 41. Estimated Timeline Middle East Arab Spring 2011- present
Notas del editor
- Ask them the definition of implementation and ideals
- Think of the scientific method. They are now going to test their hypothesis of many of the ideas and theories of the Enlighenment