1.
Applications of Enzymes

2.
1. Enzymes as diagnostic tools.
Enzyme Disease diagnosed
Choline esterase Paralysis
Alkaline phosphatase Prostrate carcinome
Pancreatic amylase Pancreatitis
Aspartate transaminase Acute hepatitis
Alkaline phosphatase
Gamma glutamyl transferase
Kidney damage
Creatine kinase Skeletal mascle damage
Hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Heart disease
Leucine aminopeptidase Hepatobiliary disease
Transaminase Chronic hepatitis
Pepsin Gastric mucosal damage
Creatine phosphokinase
Aspartate transaminase
Lactate dehydrogenase
Myocardial infraction
Mitchondrial enzymes Tissue necrosis

3.
Enzymes used to diagnose inheritable genetic disorder
Enzyme Inherited disease diagnosed
HGPRT (Hypoxanthine guanine
phosphoribosyl transferase)
Lasch Nayan Syndrome
Purine nucleoside
phosphorylase
Adenosine deaminase
Immunodeficiency disease
Glucocerebrosidase Gaucher’s disease
Phosphoribosyl pyrophospate
synthetase
Gout
25-OH-cholecalciferol-1-
hydroxylase
Rickets
Hexosaminidase Tay Sach’s disease

4.
2.Enzymes used as analytical agent
Enzyme(s) in coupled assay Analyte quantified
Hexokinase
Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase
Glucose
Urease
Glutamate dehydroganase
Urea
Uricase
Catalase
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Uric acid
Esterase
Cholesterol Oxidase
Peroxidase
Cholesterol

5.
3.Therapeutic enzymes
Enzyme Therapeutic use/ disease cured
Digestive enzymes
Papain, lactase, Pancrealipase, Pepsin
Digestive disorders
Fibrinolytic enzymes
Streptokinase, Urokinase, Tissue
plasminogen activator
Coronary thrombosis
Pulmonary embolism
L-asparaginase Cancer chemotherapy
Actiase, Retavase, Rapilysin Acute myocardial infraction
α1-antitrypsin Neutrophil-induced lung damage Emphysema
DNAse Cystic fibrosis
Dextrase Control of dental plaque
Glucocerebrosidase Gaucher’s disease
Galactosidase Inherited β-galactosidase deficiency
Trypsin, Papain, Collagenase Antiinflammatory agent
Superoxide dismutase Oxygen toxicity (Antioxidant enzyme)
Bromealin (protease) Inflammation & edema
Chymotrypsin Upper respiratory tract disease
Diastase Amyloceous dyspepsia
Hyaluronidase To increase the effect of local anesthesia
Penicillinase Penicillin allergy
Papain Dyspepsia with flatulence
β-galactosidase Lactose intolerance

6.
4.Biologically important enzymes & their roles
Enzyme Biological role
ACE (angiotensin converting
enzymes)
To maintain & regulate blood
pressure
Nucleotidase To catalyze the digestion of
nucleic acids in food.
Cholinesterase To regulate muscle function
G6PD To form NADH in HMP shunt
To maintain GSH cycle
Amylase To catalyze the hydrolysis &
digestion of dietary starch
forming dextrin & maltose

7.
5.Baking enzymes & their applications
Enzyme Application
Alpha amylase Specialtyamylase for French type bread
Bacterial proteinase For processing biscuits, crackers,& wafer biscuits
Fungal proteinase For imprvind dough handling & bread texture
To improve loaf volume, crust color, flavour & crumb softness
Baking lipase To improve dough strength, volume, & crumb whiteness.
Glucose oxidase General baking improver
New generation bromate replacer
Maltase Suitable for rye bread & low sugar doughs
Pentosanase High activity & low activity protease free pentosanase used in
bread improvers. Eg., endo-xylanase for bread improvers
Pentosanase, Amylase Increased bake-out volume in bread & rolls
General bread improver suitable for both continental &
chorleywood process
Baking improver specifically formulated for rye bread
Proteinase,
Pentosanase
Metabisulphite replacer in biscuits & crackers
Complete spectrum
enzyme
For Enlish-style muffins; this product improves the spread of
the dough piece

8.
7.Dietetics enzymes & their applications
Enzyme Application
Amylase Aid for digestion ofdietary starch
Proteinase High effective proteinase for acid
environments
Cellulase Aid for digestion ofdietary
cellulose
Xylanase Aid for digestion ofdietary
hemicellulose
Lactase Aid for digestion ofdietary lactose
Lipase, Esterase Aid for digestion ofdietaryfats &
lipids
Amylase, Lipase, Proteinase General aid for digestion
Amylase, Lipase, Proteinase General aid for digestion
Proteinase Broad spectrum protease for
aiding the digestion of dietary
proteins
Sucrase Digestive aid for breaking down
sucrose

9.
8.Egg-processing enzymes & their applications
Enzyme Application
Catalase Beaks down residual H2O2 into
harmless by-products
Glucose oxidase Prevents browning
Phospholipase Improves the emulsification &
gelation properties of yolks
Lipase Breaks down lipid complexes to
ensure egg whites maintain
foaming capacity
Proteinase Improves foaming ability by
modifying the egg white protein

10.
9.Flavoring enzymes & their applications
Enzyme Application
Cellulase, Pectinase,
Beta-Glucosidase
Versatile formulation for extraction from a wide range of plants material
including vanilla
Peptidases Debittering of protein hydrolysates.
Esterase Protease- free lipase for enzyme modified cheese (EMC) production & Cheddar
flavors
Esterase (Proteinase) Enzyme modified cheese (EMC) production & Cheddar flavors
Esterase, Lipase Produces typical Cheedar-type flavor
Esterase Protease- free lipase for enzyme modified cheese (EMC) production
Blue cheese flavors
Endo-Proteinase For use with protease-free lipase in EMC productions
Introduces protein notes
Peptidases High perfomance peptidase used to control the bitterness in EMC cheese
production
Lipase, Esterase Protease- free high activity lipase for hydrolysis of oils,tallow & fats including
butterfat
Meaty flavors from soft anmal fat like chicken
For the production of low level blue flavor notes. Suitable for vegetarian &
kosher markets
Cost-effective mixed enzyme for producing Cheddar-type EMC

11.
10.Fruit & vegetable processing enzymes & their applications
Enzyme Application
Cellulase, Pectinases,
Beta-glucosidases
Versatile formulation for maceration & extraction in a wide
range of fruits & vegetables includig carrots & mangoes
Alpha-amylase Hydrolysis of starches during fruit processing
Ferulic acid esterase Macerating enzyme containing ferulic acid esterase for
improved digestion of plant cell walls
Beta-glucanase To improve mash & fermentation performance
Glucose oxidase For the reoval of glucose from soft drinks
Pectinases High active formulation for general depectinising application In
wide range of fruit juice extraction
Improve extraction rates & flavor inhancement of white wines
Cost-efficient peeling of citrus fruits using an automated
process
Unsurpassed release of color from cranberries
Pectinases, Cellulase Peeling of citrus fruit, especially grapefruit, into individual
segments
Papain For prevention of chill haze in brewing