It is about the application of GIS in Natural disaster and management. The current presentation provide a wide

1. Presented By: Muhammad Sajjad
+92 334 6544625
mah.sajjad@gmail.com
Department of Geography
GC University Faisalabad

2.  Disaster Management
 A systematic process which aims to reduce the impact or
consequences of any adverse event like, Flood, Earthquake,
Disease etc. It is more then just response and relief.
 Hazard
 It is a potential for a natural or Human-Caused event with
negative impacts or consequences.
 Emergency
 It is a situation generated by real or imminent occurrence od an
event that requires immediate response/Attention.
 Disaster
 It is a natural or human-caused event which causes intensive
negative impact on people, goods, services and/or environment
acceding the affected community’s capability to respond.

3.  Risk
 Risk is the potential or likelihood of an emergency to occur. For
example, the risk of damage to a structure from an earthquake is
high if it is built on or adjacent to an active earthquake fault. Risk
can be determined as product of Hazard H and Vulnerability
V, R=H x V
 Vulnerability
 Vulnerability is the extent to which a community’s
structure, services or environment is likely to be damaged or
disrupted by the impact of a hazard, the vulnerability could be
i) Tangible/ Material ii) Intangible/ Abstract

4.  An Emergency is a situation in which the community
is capable of coping. It is a situation generated by the
real or imminent occurrence of an event that requires
immediate attention and that requires immediate
attention of emergency resources.
 A Disaster is a situation in which the community is
incapable of coping. It is a natural or human-caused
event which causes intense negative impacts on
people, goods, services and/or the
environment, exceeding the affected community’s
capability to respond; therefore the community seeks
the assistance of government and international
agencies.

5.  Better data storage
 Better data analysis
 Handy in planning
 Helpful for stakeholders/ Decision Makers

7.  GIS is a tool that allows users to create interactive
queries (user created searches), analyze the spatial
information, edit data, maps, and present the results of
all these operations.
 GIS provides environment for effective and efficient
storage and manipulation of remotely sensed or other
spatial and non-spatial data types for both scientific
management and policy oriented information.
 The specific application in Risk Assessment
are, Hazard mapping to show
earthquake, floods, landslide or fire.
 These maps are used for warning system.

8.  GIS application can be useful in the following
activities
 To create Hazard inventory maps
 LocateCritical Facilities
 Create and manage associate related
database
 VulnerabilityAssessment

9.  Planning
GIS is useful in helping with forward planning. It provides the framework
for planners and disaster managers to view spatial data by way of computer based
maps.
 Mitigation
 Representation of High risk areas
 Facilitates the implementation of necessary mechanism to lessen the impact.
 Preparedness
 Identification of emergency areas
 Positions of related departments, Agencies, and Human Resources
 Make it easier for security and shelters provides to plan the strategies
 Answer that who is to be based where and at what phase of emergency

10.  Response
 Provide accurate information on exact location of an emergency
situation
 Time saving during the determination of trouble areas (Quick
Response)
 Used as floor guide for evacuation routes
 Recovery
 Mapping level of damage
 Information related to disrupted infrastructure, number of persons
died or injured and impact on Environment.

11.  GIS can be used by shelter operators to
capture specific personal details of persons
being housed at the shelters.
 It would make it possible to assess the number
of needed shelters and the structure of that
suffering population like, children, adults,
disables etc..

12.  In affected areas during and after
disaster, Food Drops is always likely to take
place.
 This process can be helped with GIS as maps
can be generated which identify the specific
areas with clusters of victims are located and
the unique need of persons within these
clusters.

13.  The data is gathered for the analysis and to
assess the need of activities and actions
before, during and after the disaster.
 By the use of this data, maps of most
vulnerable areas can be produced and those
areas can be highlighted which are most prone
to disasters.

14.  Ability to represent geographical information 2D
and 3D
 It provides the facility to integrate the different
geo-spatial information.
 It effectively collect, analyze, manage and
distribute up-to-date information
 It is versatile and easy to use for big purposes, but
requires a little training to get individuals
involved in process.
 The GIS based database provides better
environment for future planning.

15.  Vayas, T. & Desai, A., 2007. Information Technology for Disaster
Management. Computing for Nation Development. New Delhi.
 Jhonson, R., 2000. GIS Technology for Disaster and Emergency
Management. ESRI white papers. United States
 VUSSC* . “Introduction to Disaster Management”. Ver. 1
*VUSSC= Virtual University for small States of the Commonwealth