1.
VALUE
•Value is an element of design.
•defined as the lights and darks in
an art work.
•black, white and ranges of grays.
•Value can be a color and the
lights (tints) and darks (shades) of
that color.

2.
LIGHT
• We see light through
waves of energy
traveling through the
air that are recognized
by light and color
sensitive receptors in
our eyes.

3.
• Light moves in straight
lines, a SHADOW
results from
something blocking
the light.

4.
Key
• The relative lightness
or darkness of a
picture or the colors
employed in it; used in
preference to value
• High Key
• Low Key
• Full Value Range

5.
Drawing Assignment: Value Scale
• Draw 10 equally sized boxes to create a
scale.
• One box will be white on one end, one box
black on the other end.
• Develop the gradations of value in the
boxes in between using pencil or charcoal.
A gradation of value from light to dark.

6.
Drawing Assignment: Value Reduction
1. Use a sheet of paper from your drawing pad (18x24)
2. Use only two values to create a high contrast study based on a still
life.
3. Squint your eyes to reduce color effects so that you see only patterns
of light and dark.
4. You are to reduce all values in the subject to either black or white.
Note both the actual values of objects and the light patterns on them,
and classify these values as either black or white
5. Draw the subject lightly in pencil; then use your black ink or gouache
(Ivory Black) to make everything that is darker than the midpoint
value a flat, unmodulated black.
6. Erase the pencil lines, leaving the rest of the drawing white.
Values will cross over objects and negative space; value will not
necessarily be confined to an object.
The drawing will be spatially flat, very dramatic, and somewhat
abstract.

7.
Drawing Assignment:
Sphere-6 Categories of Light
• Recreate a sphere in light using charcoal,
labeling the six categories of light

8.
Modeling
• modeling. in drawing,
painting, and
printmaking, the
rendering of a form,
usually by means of
hatching or
chiaroscuro, to create
the illusion of a three-
dimensional form

9.
CHIAROSCURO
• In drawing and
painting, the use of
light and dark to
create the effect of
three-dimensional,
modeled surfaces

10.
Representing the Effects of Light
• Realistic
• Expressive
• Emphasis

11.
Atmospheric Perspective

12.
Expressive use of light

13.
Emphasis

14.
• Tenebrism--violent
chiaroscuro, dark
manner used to lend
mood or emotional
expression, typical of
Rembrandt
Rembrandt Drawing at a Window

15.
Dramatic use of light and dark

16.
Materials Needed
• Vine and willow charcoal
• Charcoal pencils, one soft, one medium
• Kneaded eraser
• White eraser
• Higher quality paper
• Spray fixative
• Tape

17.
Additive Reductive Process
• Tape paper evenly around edges to create
a border
• Use vine or willow sticks and apply evenly
to paper, covering the entire surface
• Aim for middle range value
• Use vine or willow to draw preliminary
sketch

18.
Additive Reductive Process
• Use soft charcoal pencil to shade in darkest
values
• Medium charcoal pencil for medium values
• Use kneaded eraser to create the light
values
• Use white eraser for highlights
• Work from general to specific
• Leave details until the end

19.
Additive Reductive Process
• Spray fix to keep charcoal from smudging
or falling from paper
• Remove tape by pulling away from the
drawing