Importance of water to living things

1. KEY WORDS
HYDROGEN
AND
OXYGEN
CARBON,
NITROGEN,
PHOSPHORUS
IRON
SULPHUR
CALCIUM
POTASSIUM
CHLORIDE
HYDROGEN
BOND
THERMAL
COHESIVE
SOLVENT
MEDIUM (FOR METABOLIC
REACTIONS/ TRANSPORT)
POLARITY
COOLANT
SODIUM
Biochemistry:
The chemistry
of life.
ELEMENTS AND WATER

2. The Periodic Table for Biologists.
 The
elements considered essential for life.

3. The most frequently occurring chemical elements
in living things are carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen and nitrogen.
 Carbon
and hydrogen form the
basis of organic molecules.

4. NITROGEN
 Nitrogen
is essential in amino
acids and proteins = growth
and repair

5. SULPHUR

found in some amino acids.

6. PHOSPHORUS
 Phosphorous
in
phospholipids in
cell membranes.
 Phosphates as
active part of
ATP molecules
(for energy)
 Part of the DNA
“backbone”

7. Iron
Animals: In haemoglobin it binds to
oxygen.
Plants: Important in photosynthesis as a
component of chlorophyll and ferredoxin.

8. 11
Sodium and Potassium
Na
sodium
 Nerve
impulses.
 Osmotic
gradients. Sodium ions form the main
cation in blood plasma.

9. HYDROGEN




Valency =1
Forms 1 bond
Electronegativity of Oxygen causes polarity
Water is a DIPOLAR molecule

10. Draw and label water molecules to show their
polarity and hydrogen bond formation.
_
Negative Pole
O
Covalent
Bond
+
H
Covalent
Bond
H
+
Positive Pole

11. Draw and label water molecules to show their
polarity and hydrogen bond formation.
 Hydrogen
bonds form between water
molecules. OH+
H+
H+
H+
H+
OH+
H+
O-
H+
OH+
O-
H+
H+
O-
O-
H+
H+
H+

12. Explain the properties of water
PROPERTY
CAUSE
IMPORTANCE
ADHESION
HYDROGEN BONDS
TRANSPIRATION
COHESION
HYDROGEN BONDS
TRANSPIRATION
SURFACE TENSION
HYDROGEN BONDS
HABITAT
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT
CAPACTIY
HYDROGEN BONDS
STABILITY FOR
HOMEOSTASIS
HIGH LATENT HEAT
OF VAPORISATION
HYDROGEN BONDS
EVAPORATIVE COOLING
SOLVENT
POLARITY
TRANSPORT OF
SUBSTANCES
DENSITY OF ICE
HYDROGEN BONDS
ICE FLOATS PROTECTS
HABITAT

13. Explain these images and relate them to the
properties of water.

14. Try these questions:
1. What are hydrogen bonds? (3)
2. Why does salt dissolve in water but oil does not? (2)
3. multiple choice:

15. Make your notes:
 V/S
= Mindmap
 M/L= Table
 V/S= Images and colour
 M/L. Mus= Note how many and find a
pattern
 Nat= give exaples from nature
 Inter.Ling= teach it!
 Mus= sing it