1. This white revolution or operation flood relates to the rapid development
in milk production that took place in India after mid 1960's. This name is
a variation of the name "Green Revolution" used earlier to describe
rapid development in agricultural production in India. A name closely
associated with White Revolution is that of Dr. Verghese Kurien. This is
because the origins of White Revolution can be traced to the efforts of
Dr. Kurien at Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers Union Situated
at Anand in Gujarat State. This organization is better known by the
brand name of its product - Amul.

2. Phase I (1970–1980) was financed by the sale of skimmed
milk powder and butter vv oil donated by the European
Union (then the European Economic Community) through
the World Food Programme. NDDB planned the programme
and negotiated the details of EEC assistance.
During its first phase, Operation Flood linked 18 of India's
premier milksheds with consumers in India's major
metropolitan cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai.
Thus establishing mother dairies in four metros.
The Operation Flood – 1 originally meant to be completed in
1975, actually spanned the period of about nine years from
1970–79, at a total cost of Rs.116 crores.

3. Operation Flood Phase II (1981–1985) increased the milksheds
from 18 to 136; 290 urban markets expanded the outlets for
milk. By the end of 1985, a self-sustaining system of 43,000
village cooperatives with 4,250,000 milk producers were
covered. Domestic milk powder production increased from
22,000 tons in the pre-project year to 140,000 tons by 1989, all
of the increase coming from dairies set up under Operation
Flood. In this way EEC gifts and World Bank loan helped
promote self-reliance. Direct marketing of milk by producers'
cooperatives increased by several million litres a day.

4. Phase III (1985–1996) enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and strengthen
the infrastructure required to procure and market increasing volumes of milk.
Veterinary first-aid health care services, feed and artificial insemination services
for cooperative members were extended, along with intensified member
education.
Operation Flood's Phase III consolidated India's dairy cooperative movement,
adding 30,000 new dairy cooperatives to the 42,000 existing societies
organized during Phase II. Milk-sheds peaked to 173 in 1988-89 with the
numbers of women members and Women's Dairy Cooperative Societies
increasing significantly.
Phase III gave increased emphasis to research and development in animal
health and animal nutrition. Innovations like vaccine for Theileriosis, bypassing
protein feed and urea-molasses mineral blocks, all contributed to the enhanced
productivity of milk producing animals.

5. It’s Impact : This is a revolution like no other in the world.
Operation Flood or The White Revolution as it is known in
India has over the past five decades produced a constantly
increasing sustainable flood of milk in India. It was of high
quality and available in most parts of both urban and rural
India. It helped transform the lives of more than 13.4 million
farmers and increasing, most of them poor. Of them, 3.7
million were women. It helped women empower themselves
and their families. Today, the Dairy Cooperative Network
includes 177 milk unions. It operates in over 346 districts
covering around 1, 28,799 village level societies. Today, India
It’s criticism : Some critics of the project argue that the emphasis on imported
is the world’s leading dairying nation. Its helps:- Increasing
breeds of cattle has been instrumental in the decimation of Indian breeds. Foreign
milk production ("a flood of milk")and are not suited to Indian
breeds give higher yields, but require more feed Augment rural incomes Fair
prices for consumers that the focus on the dairy sector Increase of
conditions. Critics also argue Employment of people during this period
economy in the country research, and extension work in other areas of
came at the expense of development,
Indian agriculture.