2. DINESH KUMAR YADAV
RAJKUMAR SHARMA
ASRAF ALI KHAN
Group Members:

3. ANDROID OVERVIEW
 History
 Introduction To Android
 Platform
 Architecture
 Dalvik Virtual machine
 Features

4. History
 Software platform from Google and the Open Handset
Alliance.
 July 2005, Google acquired Android
 November 2007, Open Handset Alliance formed , a
consortium of 86 hardware, software, and
telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open
standards for mobile devices.
 October 2008, Android available as open source
 December 2008, 14 new members joined Android project

5. History Continue…..
 April 30, 2009: Official 1.5 Cupcake release
 September 15, 2009: 1.6 SDK Donut release
 October 26, 2009: 2.0 SDK Éclair release
 Updates to the Éclair release:
 2.0.1 on December 3, 2009
 2.1 on January 12, 2010
 May 20,2010: 2.2 SDK Froyo release
 December 6,2010: 2.3 SDK Gingerbread release
 Feb 22,2011:3.x SDK Honeycomb release
 Oct 19,2011:4.x SDK Cream Sandwich release

6. Introduction Android
What is Android?
 Android is the software platform from Google and the Open Handset
Alliance that some say has the potential to revolutionize the global cell
phone market.
 Based on the Linux kernel.
 Allows writing managed code in the Java language
 Possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling it to
ARM native code.

7. Introduction Android Continue….
What is the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)?
 The Open Handset Alliance is consortium of several technology
companies, including hardware manufacturers, mobile carriers, and
software developers.
 “A commitment to openness, a shared vision for the future, and
concrete plans to make vision a reality. To accelerate innovation in
mobile and offer consumers a richer, less expensive, and better mobile
experience.”

8. Introduction Android Continue….
OHA (Open Handset Alliance)
 A business alliance consisting of 47 companies to develop open standards for
mobile devices

9. Introduction Android Continue……..

10. Phones
HTC G1,
Droid,
Tattoo
Motorola Droid (X)
Suno S880 Samsung Galaxy Sony Ericsson

11. Tablets
Velocity Micro Cruz Gome FlyTouch Acer beTouch
Dawa D7
Toshiba Android
SmartBook
Cisco Android Tablet

12. Platform
Linux Kernel
Native Libraries
Surface Manager
2D + 3D Graphics Open GL + Media
SQL Lite
Browser
Runtime + Dalvik VM Lightweight java VM + Efficient bytecode
Android Framework
Application

13. Architecture

14. Android S/W Stack - Application
Android provides a set of core applications:
 Email Client
 SMS Program
 Calendar
 Maps
 Browser
 Contacts
 Etc
All applications are written using the Java language.

15. Android S/W Stack –
App Framework
Enabling and simplifying the reuse of components
 Developers have full access to the same framework APIs used by the core
applications.
 Users are allowed to replace components

16. Android S/W Stack - Libraries
.
 Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by components
of the Android system
 Exposed to developers through the Android
application framework

17. Android S/W Stack - Runtime
.
Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont)
Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format
.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint.
Compilation
Relying on the Linux Kernel for:
Threading
Low-level memory management

18. Android S/W Stack – Linux Kernel
.
 Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services
 Memory and Process Management
 Network Stack
 Driver Model
 Security
 Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the
rest of the S/W stack

19. Dalvik Virtual Machine
The Dalvik virtual machine is simple Java interpreter
machine, completely optimized for Android
platform and which is developed to run on low-end
memory mobile devices. One of the prominent
aspects in Dalvik its capability to run along an application
compilation enhancing the runtime
performance of the applications. Dalvik is not exactly, a
Java machine, because Dalvik could not read
Java code, but consists its own byte code called „dex‟

20. Features Of Android OS
 The entire Application framework can be reused and
replaced by selective components
 Dalvik virtual machine enhances the power
management systems
 Support for 2D and 3D graphics , So lot of business
for animation developers.
 Reliable and enhanced data storage
 Developers can create media common applications
since it supports common media
 file formats(MPEG, MPEG3, MPEG4, H.286, AAC,
AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF and more)

21. Features Of Android OS
 GSM,3G, Wi-Fi network
 applications support (Depends on hardware)
 Open source Web-Kit Engine-based web-browser
 Touch-Unlock, and accelerometer applications
support (Depends on hardware)
 Androids development environment includes a device
emulator, debugger, performance

22. Query?

23. Thank You