1. THE ROOTS OF
VOCABULARY: GREEK
ROOTS AND LATIN
ROOTS

2. Learning Objective
We will use Greekand Latin word roots
to * determine the meaning of words.
*de te rm ine = fig ure o ut
Track with me; read with me; tell partner.
What are we going to do today?

3. We know that words are broken into parts that
help us figure out their meaning:
Prefixes:Prefixes:
un-un- undoundo
re-re- refillrefill
pro-pro- for,for,
forwardforward
Prefixes are at the beginning
o f wo rds.
pre- m e ans be fo re
fix m e ans attach, re pair
White bo ards:
Suffixes:Suffixes:
-ful-ful joyfuljoyful
-ly-ly sadlysadly
-ness-ness kindnesskindness
Suffixes are at the end of words.
So, “prefix” means “attached
before.”
Which word part is found at the end of
words?

4. We know that words are broken into parts that
help us figure out their meaning.
Prefixes
Prefix Meaning Example
re- back,
again
refill
tri- three triplet
un- not undo
Suffixes
Suffix Meaning Example
-ful Having careful
-less Without,
missing
joyless
-ly In the
manner of
hopefully
Tell your partner:
An example of a prefix is ______ which means ______.
How do word parts like prefixes and suffixes help us _______?

5. A root is a set of letters that have
meaning. It is the most basic form .
Affixes are added to the root to create a
new word.
 A root can be at the front, middle or end of a
word.
 Many words in the English language are
based on Greek & Latin word roots
 What is a word root?
Example:
The Latin root ject means “throw”
So project can mean “to throw forward”

6. English words can have all three parts:
prefix + root + suffix
ab + duct + ed
away fro m + to le ad/pull + ve rb: past te nse
abducted m e ans ”pulle d o r le ad away fro m ”
i.e. The general was abducted by masked gunmen.
Concept
Roots can appear more than once,
and anywhere in the word.
Word Meaning
geology earth study / study of the earth
telegraph distance writing / writing that travels far
tricycle three wheels
asocial not being companionable /
not wanting to join others

7.  Which one of the following shows a root with
an affix?
1. bicycle 2. hippopotamus
How did you know?

8. Importance
 Knowing and using
Greek and Latin word
roots can help you
figure out the meaning
of words you don’t
recognize.
 This will make you a
better reader and writer.
Why is it important to know how to use
Greek and Latin word roots?
Can anyone share a different reason?

9. Skill
Skill Steps
1.1. HighlightHighlight the word root (or roots).the word root (or roots).
 What does the word root mean?What does the word root mean?
1.1. Look at the remainder of the word:Look at the remainder of the word:
 What does the prefix mean?What does the prefix mean?
 What does the suffix mean?What does the suffix mean?
1.1. Use the word root table to determine the meaning.Use the word root table to determine the meaning.

10. root + suffix
 I Do
astrology
astro = stars
-lo g y = study o f
So it m e ans:
"the study o f stars”
 We Do
biology
bio = life
-lo g y = study o f
So it m e ans:
“the study o f life ”
How did I determine the meaning of
astrology?
Frame: “We determined the meaning of
astrology by ______________.”
How did we know biology meant ‘the study of life’?
Frame: “We knew that biology meant ‘the study of life’
because _______________________.”

11. prefix + root
 I Do
empathy
e m - = having
pathy = fe e ling
So it m e ans:
“having fe e ling ”
The soldier had empathy for the prisoner.
 We Do
enamor
e n- = having
am o r = lo ve
What do e s enamorm e an?
“having lo ve ”
Ho w do yo u kno w that?

12. root + root
 I Do
pseudonym
pse udo = false
nym = nam e
”false nam e ”
Sam ue lCle m e ns wro te unde r the
pseudonym“Mark Twain. ”
 We Do
aqueduct
aq ue = wate r
duct = to le ad/pull
What is an aqueduct use d fo r?
Ho w do yo u kno w that?

13. prefix + root + suffix
 I Do
retrospective
re tro = backwards
spe ct = lo o k
-ive = having q uality
o f
“q uality o f lo o king
backward”
Histo ry is a retrospectiveway o f
lo o king at life .
 We Do
carnivore
carni = m e at
vo r = e at
-e = o ne who
“o ne who e ats m e at”
What do e s carnivoremean?
Ho w did yo u kno w?

14. Closure
 What do we call the most basic form of a word that
has meaning?
• What does portable mean?
• Why do youthink kno wing and using Gre e k and Latin
wo rd ro o ts is im po rtant?

15. Independent Practice
 Follow the steps
and directions.
 Write the meaning on
the line following the
word.

16. A List of Greek and Latin
Word Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes
Root Meaning Root Meaning Root Meaning Prefix/Suffix Meaning
duct to lead/pull micro small phobia fear of ab- away from
tele distance spect look, see auto self a-, un-,
-less
not, without
graph write, draw aque, aqua water rupt break em-. en-, -y,
-ful
having,
marked by
bio life astr, aster stars scope see, watch retro- backwards
geo earth logy, ology study of pseudo false -ive, -ic having quality
of
rium house cycle wheel dynam power -al result of
trans across nym, nom name ject throw -able, -ible ability
pathy feeling for amor love pro forward -oid resembling,
like
cent, centi hundred derm, derma skin vor eat greedily -or, -er, -e one who
carn meat chron time soci joining in,
being
together
ex- out of
omni all, every meter measure ped, pod foot, footed bi- two
struc, struct build cent hundred con, com together, with tri- three
hydro water trans across -ly in the manner
of

17. The Greek Alphabet
Capitals Small letters Name
A α αμπθαμζ
B β βενα
Γ γ gamma
Δ δ delta
Ε ε epsilon
Ζ ζ zeta
Η η eta
Θ θ theta

18. Capitals Small letters Name
Ι ι iota
Κ κ kappa
Λ λ lambda
Μ μ mu
Ν ν nu
Ξ ξ xi
Ο ο omicron
Π π pi
Ρ ρ rho
The Greek Alphabet

19. Capitals Small
letters
Name
Σ ς, σ sigma
Τ τ tau
Υ υ upsilon
Φ φ phi
Χ χ chi
Ψ ψ psi
Ω ω omega
The Greek Alphabet

20. Prefixes
multiple prefix symbol sub-
multiple
prefix symbol
101
deca da 10-1
deci d
102
hecto h 10-2
centi c
103
kilo k 10-3
milli m
106
mega M 10-6
micro μ
109
giga G 10-9
nano n
1012
tera T 10-12
pico p
1015
peta P 10-15
femto f
1018
exa E 10-18
atto a

21. Roots
Base Meaning Origin
aqua water Latin
circ, circum around Latin
compute to compute Latin
labor, lab work Latin
mod, medi middle Latin
meter, metr measure Greek

22. Base Meaning Origin
opt eye Greek
ortho straight Greek
phon sound, voice Greek
photo light Greek
son sound Latin
term boundary, limit Latin
vac empty Latin
Roots

23. Base Meaning Origin
ant, anti against Greek
auto self Greek
deca, dec, deka ten Greek
di, dis two, twice Greek
dia through, across Greek
extra beyond Latin
hemi half Greek
hypo, hyp under, less then Greek
Prefix List

24. Base Meaning Origin
inter between Latin
intro within Latin
iso equal Greek
kilo thousand Greek
macro long, large Greek
mega great Greek
micro small Greek
mono one Greek
Prefix List

25. Base Meaning Origin
multi many, much Latin
non, ne not Latin
penta five Greek
pro before, forward Latin
quad, quatr four Latin
semi half Latin
sub under, below,
up from below
Latin
Prefix List

26. Base Meaning Origin
super, supra above, done Latin
syn, sym, syl together, with Greek
tele far off Greek
trans over, across Latin
tri three Latin
un not Latin
uni one Latin
Prefix List

27. Homework (submitted on September
3th
)
 Find ten words based on Greek and Latin
roots in book of physics and write the meaning
of it.
 Translate one paragraph from book of physics
into Indonesian.