Powerpoint on Primary and Secondary Sources

1. What are primary sources?
Original records from the past recorded by
people who were:
Involved in the event
Witnessed the event, OR
Knew the persons involved in the event

2. Examples of Primary Sources
Letters
Manuscripts
Diaries
Journals
Memoirs
Autobiographies
Oral histories
Interviews
Speeches
Newspapers*
Government documents
Photographs*
Maps*
Video footage of event*
Audio and video
recordings
Research data
Objects or artifacts
* Usually, but not always, will be a primary source

3. An Introduction to
Primary and Secondary Sources

4. They can also be objects (artifacts) or visual
evidence.
They give you an idea about what people
alive at the time saw or thought about the
event.
What are primary sources?

5. Keep in mind that a primary source reflects
only one point of view and may contain a
person’s bias (prejudice) toward an event.
What are primary sources?

6. Examples of primary sources:
Books, magazines, newspapers
Printed Publications

7. Examples of primary sources:
Personal Records
Diaries, journals, records

8. Examples of primary sources:
Visual Materials
Paintings, drawings, sculpture

9. Examples of primary sources:
Visual Materials
photographs, film, maps

10. Examples of primary sources:
Oral Histories
Chronicles, memoirs, myths, legends passed down by
word of mouth
Click on this button to hear an
example of oral history -------- >

11. Examples of primary sources:
Songs and Poems

12. Examples of primary sources:
Artifacts
Tools, ornaments, objects

13. Secondary Sources

14. What are secondary sources?
Secondary sources are made at a later time.
They include written information by
historians or others AFTER an event has
taken place.

15. Examples of Secondary Sources
Books with endnotes
and footnotes
Biographies
Encyclopedia
Reprints of artwork
A journal/magazine
article which interprets
or reviews previous
findings
Conference
proceedings
Literary criticism
Book reviews
Most works
incorporating primary
sources

16. What Are Secondary Sources?
They interpret the primary sources.
Text Books
Encyclopedias
Dictionaries
Books that interpret history
Articles that interpret history

17. What are secondary sources?
Although they can be useful and reliable,
they cannot reflect what people who lived at
the time thought or felt about the event.
But they can represent a more fair account
of the event because they can include more
than one point of view, or may include
information that was unavailable at the time
of the event.

18. Examples of secondary sources:
Textbooks, biographies,
histories, newspaper report
by someone who was not
present

19. Examples of secondary sources:
Charts, graphs, or images
created AFTER the time
period.

20. Name that Source!
The following slides contain examples of
primary and secondary sources. See if you can
classify each example as a primary or secondary
source.

21. Classify these: primary or
secondary?

22. Classify these:

23. Classify these:

24. Classify these:

25. Classify these:

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28. Classify these:

29. Wikipedia - Tips
Do NOT use Wikipedia as either a
Primary or Secondary source in your
research.
Use Wikipedia as a starting point for
your research and as a way to locate
actual Primary and Secondary sources.

30. Wikipedia

33. Cite Those Sources!

34. Cite Those Sources!

35. The End