What Does Human trafficking means .. Check it !

1. Prostitution Form of human trafficking In UK
Rita Boulos Chahwan
Human trafficking is defined as “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt
of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of
fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or
receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over
another person, for the purpose of exploitation’1.
Under the title of Domestic trafficking and smuggling frameworks in the UK which is a summary
of a meeting held on 10 july 2015 a research paper published as a result titled “Of Human
Bondage: Combating Human Trafficking and People Smuggling”.2 Within page 3 the speakers
introduced that crimes considered as Modern Slavery Act 2015 didn’t pass yet into the legislative
phase still the NGOs working on Lobbying and advocating the cause in UK and outside UK.
The problem of Sex work under the title of human trafficking in UK isn’t related directly to the
border Control as the illegal immigration that also may lead to sex work even though
according to the booklet “Serious and Organized Crime Strategy”3published by the UK GOV .
the government within the page 31 said that the UK GOV implemented on the border more
police with high level technology same as the follow up of NCA and all it units.
so on It is more related to the control of the Market and linking the market to the Government
according to 3 Cases4 published within the website of http://www.unseenuk.org which is an
NGO working on the Social aspect of the problem after the girl would inform the Police if been
victim of human trafficking specially sexual abuse. ). The majority of sex workers whom could
be illegal migrant or legal through a link these workers as mentioned in Seriousandorganized
crime strategyPresentedtoParliamentbythe Secretaryof State forthe Home Departmentby
1 the Article 3, Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and
children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime 2000.
2www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/field/field_document/Meeting%20Summary%20on%20People
%20Smuggling%20and%20Human%20Trafficking.pdf
3 Serious and organized crime strategy Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department
by Command of Her Majesty oct 2013
4 http://www.unseenuk.org

2. Commandof Her Majestyoct 2013, “will rely on the services of organized crime groups at some
point in their journey or during their time in the UK”.5
in the Case of Dorina's6 (24 years ) Story from Romania whom was promised by a Man to get a
Job, house and better life in UK with all feeds like ticket once arriving London she figured that
she will be used for sex trafficking same thing happened with Grace from Africa been recruited
by a family Friend been promised same promises as Dorina’s. Also Melody coming to UK From
Nigeria , been working hardly to get the money needed to buy flight ticket to come back to
Nigeria.
These cases and many others have the same criminal tactics since victims “are often deceived
or tricked into a trafficking situation through false promises of a better life or the offer of work.
Others are sold to their traffickers, sometimes by family members. Debt bondage is a
tacticused by organised crime groups to maintain control over a trafficking victim”7
Linking the market to foreign workers:
Why the foreigners “ sex worker” are coming to UK why not US if we are doing a comparison
between the US – UK study case since US always train UK8 Police officers and NCA on topics
related to organized crime the UK GOV should ask . Answer by investigations. Collecting data.
Comparing results coming from these countries same as sharing expertise with EU / US
Governments .
while foreigners are requesting Visa’s from UK gov , since the gov should have a list of countries
where traffickers bring their victims (ex : Nigeria, Vietnam, Albania, Romania and China) 9from
by doing statistics and collecting data from NCA, police , the government should investigate
each person coming from these countries . making sure that there is a real legal company
having profit from its subject of tasks accomplished , institution where the girl is coming to
5 Serious and organized crime strategy Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department
by Command of Her Majesty oct 2013 – P - 20
6 http://www.unseenuk.org
7 Serious and organized crime strategy Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department
by Command of Her Majesty oct 2013 – P - 21
8 Transnational organised crime as a national security threat Keith Bristow QPM, Director General of the National
Crime Agency - George Washington University, 29 January 2015
9 Serious and organized crime strategy Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department
by Command of Her Majesty oct 2013 – P- 21

3. work within Visit the place before and after the arrival of the girl . such prevention strategies of
acts of traffickers will reduce and minimize the average of human trafficking.
by this step half of the problem would be solved the second half would be that these traffickers
would create companies as an image so once the bank sector would verify with the follow up of
the police that will do a visit every 3 months to ask the girl if the life style of UK is fine for her
and maybe coordinate with some ministries and ambassadors on things related to that issue.
This cant be done without integrating some committee within the police itself, on the border, in
the airport every way to come in the country.
some legal steps would be necessary like the coordination between ministries and ambassadors
of countries from where such girls are coming .
NGO’s Source of Info
Prostitution is a social problem where NGO’s, UN institution are active more than it is a
governmental problem according to the Guardian10 (Arab government are failing on human
trafficking). Yet in the Case of Forced prostitution, on the ground, after these Girls are on the
UK Territory , the first informed are the police in one case from the 3 cases below it can be the
street police officer for example. The Accommodation , follow up, treatment are accomplished
by the NGO and the awareness also reports and regulations by the UN.
The importance of the awareness is equal to other steps since the victims are identified by the
trafficker before recruiting them. The trafficker study their psychological profile, family
situation, society. 11
These Gathered info can be a tool to push further on the mother country through the
embassies of these girls to make more investigations on the background, social problems of
the girl and if she can be an easy target for mafia’s.
10 Arab government are failing on human trafficking - Guardian
11 Article 3(a) includes that one of the means is ‘abuse of a position of vulnerability’ (APOV). The United Nations
Office on Dugs and Crime (UNODC) has provided recent legal guidance on APOV in an Issue Paper and Guidance
Note on APOV of 2012.

4. Diplomats involved in human Trafficking
Some Diplomats of Arabian countries and African in UK are involved in human trafficking
included forced sex according to some sources networked to diplomatic figures.
Houses of diplomats are hard to log in so identifying any form of human trafficking would be
harder regardless the victims would go further more with the accusation process by calling the
police 12. The involvement of some diplomats of countries named in the list of countries
exporting sex workers will maintain the chain of human trafficking even if not pushing it to a
negative aspect of the problem so on the diplomat representing his country in UK involved in
such crimes receiving warnings from the UK government wont be able by himself to deal with
such case if he by himself is involved. Even he would cover it by his political economical power.
13
to Lead this process surpassing the diplomatic representative a lobby of EU UK US would
pressure on the Gov itself named or considered as involved in human trafficking, sex work,
forced sex, forced labor to sign more conventions, treaties with UN. Same as moving the funds
in campaigns within these countries and paying for awareness campaign where UK Government
even UK companies would sponsors NGO’s and awareness campaigns in countries considered
as full of exploitation.
12 Saudi and Emirati diplomats accused of trafficking staff into UK
www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/22/saudiarabia-united-arab-emirates
13 ORGANIZEDCRIMEANDNATIONALSECURITY: ADUBIOUSCONNECTION
http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/includes/remote_people_profile/remote_staff_profile?sq_content_src=%2BdXJsPWh0dH
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fb3JnYW5pemVkY3JpbWVhbmRuYXRpb25hbHNlY3VyaXR5YWR1YmlvdS5wZGYmYWxsPTE%3D