Web Standards for AR workshop at ISMAR13

1. https://buildAR.com - image credit Web Standards for AR An intro to the latest developments on the Augmented Web Platform

2. Who's making these outlandish claims? Rob Manson @nambor CEO of MOB-labs the creators of buildAR.com Chair of the W3C's Augmented Web Community Group Invited Expert with the ISO, W3C & the Khronos Group Author of “Getting started with WebRTC” - (Packt Publishing) https://buildAR.com

3. What is the Augmented Web? https://buildAR.com

4. It's what comes after HTML5 https://buildAR.com

5. https://buildAR.com - image credit

6. Key Concept: 1992-2000 WWW: Page based websites key innovation: HREF 2000-2013 Web 2.0: AJAX driven social services key innovation: XHR 2013-... AWE: Sensor driven real-time web of things key innovation: ArrayBuffer https://buildAR.com

8. https://buildAR.com Key Concept:

9. https://buildAR.com JSARToolkit demo

10. https://buildAR.com FAST algorithm feature detection demo

11. Test your own device at: theAWEsomeWEB.com https://buildAR.com

13. First lets look at the broad Stream processing pipeline concept https://buildAR.com

14. Key Concept: https://buildAR.com

15. So what the hell is a Stream processing pipeline? https://buildAR.com The vision we proposed in 2010 is now here! ARStandards Workshop in Seoul 2010 – Rob Manson

16. https://buildAR.com Stream processing pipelines 1. Get Stream 2. Connect to a Stream pipeline A way to connect a Stream to an ArrayBuffer 3. Get ArrayBuffer 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views 6. Move through Views to process data 7. Output events and metadata 8. Update UI and/or send requests

17. Now lets look at the more specific MediaStream processing pipeline https://buildAR.com

18. https://buildAR.com MediaStream processing pipelines 1. Get MediaStream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture, Recording, ScriptNodePorcessor or Video/Shader pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...] 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here!

19. https://buildAR.com This is where the APIs are still evolving 1. Get MediaStream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture, Recording, ScriptNodePorcessor or Video/Shader pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here! 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...]

20. https://buildAR.com This is where the Augmented Web comes to life 1. Get MediaStream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture, Recording, ScriptNodePorcessor or Video/Shader pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here! 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...]

21. https://buildAR.com This is where the fun is! 1. Get MediaStream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture, Recording, ScriptNodePorcessor or Video/Shader pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here! 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...]

22. webcamtoy.com https://buildAR.com

24. Key Concept: #$!%@#%@#$@$@!!!!! https://buildAR.com

25. https://buildAR.com Browser's have always had a “binary barrier” The Video element stream -> <video>

26. https://buildAR.com Now we've broken through the “binary barrier” The Video/Canvas pipeline stream -> <video> -> <canvas> -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output

27. https://buildAR.com Now we've broken through the “binary barrier” The Video/Canvas pipeline stream -> <video> -> <canvas> -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output The Mediastream Image Capture API pipeline stream -> track -> image capture -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output

28. https://buildAR.com Now we've broken through the “binary barrier” The Video/Canvas pipeline stream -> <video> -> <canvas> -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output The Mediastream Image Capture API pipeline stream -> track -> image capture -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output The MediaStream Recording API pipeline stream -> recorder -> blob -> file reader -> array buffer -> process -> output

29. https://buildAR.com Now we've broken through the “binary barrier” The Video/Canvas pipeline stream -> <video> -> <canvas> -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output The Mediastream Image Capture API pipeline stream -> track -> image capture -> image data -> array buffer -> process -> output The MediaStream Recording API pipeline stream -> recorder -> blob -> file reader -> array buffer -> process -> output Plus other non-MediaStream pipelines: ????? -> Web Sockets/XHR/File/JS -> array buffer -> process -> output

30. Now lets take a closer look at the Video/Canvas MediaStream pipeline https://buildAR.com

31. https://buildAR.com The Video/Canvas MediaStream pipeline Access the camera (or some other stream) source a. getUserMedia() Setup <video> element in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“video”) (no need to appendChild()) Pipe camera stream into <video> a. video.src = stream Setup <canvas> element in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“canvas”) then appendChild() Get 2D drawing context a. canvas.getContext('2d'); Draw <video> frame onto <canvas> a. canvas.drawImage(video, top, left, width, height); Get RGBA Uint8ClampedArray of the pixels a. context.getImageData(top, left, width, height).data.buffer; Burn CPU (not GPU) cycles a. fore each(var obj in view) { … } NOTE: Integrate other streams & sensor data here Render results a. using HTML/JS/CSS b. using another <canvas> and drawImage() c. using WebGL d. a combination of all 1. Get MediaStream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture or Recording pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 5. Populate a scene with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...] 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here! Follow along on github: github.com/buildar/getting_started_with_webrtc

32. https://buildAR.com The Video/Canvas MediaStream pipeline Follow along on github: github.com/buildar/getting_started_with_webrtc Access the camera (or some other stream) source a. getUserMedia() Setup <video> element in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“video”) (no need to appendChild()) Pipe camera stream into <video> a. video.src = stream Setup <canvas> element in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“canvas”) then appendChild() Get 2D drawing context a. canvas.getContext('2d'); Draw <video> frame onto <canvas> a. canvas.drawImage(video, top, left, width, height); Get RGBA Uint8ClampedArray of the pixels a. context.getImageData(top, left, width, height).data.buffer; Burn CPU (not GPU) cycles a. fore each(var obj in view) { … } NOTE: Integrate other streams & sensor data here Render results a. using HTML/JS/CSS b. using another <canvas> and drawImage() c. using WebGL d. a combination of all setInterval() RequestAnimationFrame() setTimeout()

33. Now lets compare that to the WebGLSL based Video/Shader pipeline https://buildAR.com

34. https://buildAR.com The Video/Shader MediaStream pipeline Access the camera (or some other stream) source a. getUserMedia() Setup <video> element in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“video”) (no need to appendChild()) Pipe camera stream into <video> a. video.src = stream Compile shaders from text in elements in the DOM a. declaratively then via getElementById or similar b. createElement(“canvas”) then appendChild() Get 3D drawing context a. canvas.getContext('webgl|experimental-webgl'); Load <video> frame into fragment shader a. gl.texImage2D(..., video) Burn GPU cycles a. for each(var obj in view) { … } NOTE: Integrate other streams & sensor data here Render results a. using HTML/JS/CSS b. using another <canvas> and drawImage() c. using WebGL d. a combination of all setInterval() RequestAnimationFrame() setTimeout()

36. Key Concept: ArrayBuffers and minimising copies are the key to an efficient walk https://buildAR.com

37. https://buildAR.com Views are moveable windows into the raw data streams 1. Get stream MediaStream from getUserMedia or RTCPeerConnection 2. Connect to a MediaStream pipeline Canvas/Video, Image Capture or Recording pipelines 3. Get ArrayBuffer new ArrayBuffer() 6. Move through Views to process data for each (var view in scene) { …process(view)... } 7. Output events and metadata return results 8. Update UI and/or send requests Wave hands inspriationally here! 5. Populate a scene Array with Array Buffer Views var scene = [new Uint8ClampedArray(buffer), ...]

39. Key Summary: Where is the Augmented Web up to right now? https://buildAR.com

40. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

41. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

42. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

43. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking were commonly available but Natural Feature Tracking was still evolving. Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

44. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking were commonly available but Natural Feature Tracking was still evolving. Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking are now available and Natural Feature Tracking is quickly evolving in our R&D. Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

45. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking were commonly available but Natural Feature Tracking was still evolving. There was limited if any support for rich 3D on all the mainstream AR browsers. Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking are now available and Natural Feature Tracking is quickly evolving in our R&D. Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

46. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking were commonly available but Natural Feature Tracking was still evolving. There was limited if any support for rich 3D on all the mainstream AR browsers. Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking are now available and Natural Feature Tracking is quickly evolving in our R&D. Rich 3D is supported in Chrome and Firefox on Android. Safari supports WebGL, and iOS devices support OpenGL, but iSafari does not have WebGL enabled Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

47. https://buildAR.com Mobile AR vs. the Augmented Web Apple had not yet opened up camera access on iOS through objective-c. See the Letter from Ori QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking were commonly available but Natural Feature Tracking was still evolving. There was limited if any support for rich 3D on all the mainstream AR browsers. Apple has not yet opened up camera access by adopting getUserMedia()/WebRTC. See 1.0 spec within ~5mths QR codes, Geo AR and Fiducial Marker tracking are now available and Natural Feature Tracking is quickly evolving in our R&D. Rich 3D is supported in Chrome and Firefox on Android. Safari supports WebGL, and iOS devices support OpenGL, but iSafari does not have WebGL enabled (except for advertisers!!!?). Mobile AR at end of 2009 Augmented Web at end of 2013

48. https://buildAR.com What's in the near future? Integrating WebRTC and Visual Search Using WebGL/GLSL to utilise GPU parallelism Khronos Group's OpenVX Khronos Group's Camera Working Group Lots more demos to share! 8)

52. https://buildAR.com Join the W3C's Augmented Web Community Group http://w3.org/community/ar

53. https://buildAR.com - image credit Web Standards for AR An intro to the latest developments on the Augmented Web Platform