Grammar and vocabulary part I
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This document discusses grammar and vocabulary concepts for IELTS tasks, including: - The appropriate tenses to use with static versus dynamic data and when referring to past, present, and future events. - Different ways of expressing numbers like fractions and percentages. - Using quantifiers properly with countable and uncountable nouns. - Verbs and nouns that can be used to describe movement and trends, such as rising, falling, increasing, decreasing.
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Grammar and vocabulary part I
- 1. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY PART I For Task 1 - Academic Module http://www.smartielts.org SMART IELTS, 0416081000
- 2. WHICH TENSE SHOULD WE USE? http://www.smartielts.org SMART IELTS, 0416081000
- 3. Static Data • The static data doesn‘t mention the time the data had been taken. So you have the liberty to use – Both types of simple tenses • Simple present • Simple past http://www.smartielts.org
- 4. Dynamic data • But the dynamic data deals over a wide period of time so you have to be very careful about the choice of tense. http://www.smartielts.org
- 5. SMART IELTS, 0416081000 From the past to the past • Simple past • Between 1991 and 2001, the population http://www.smartielts.org increased. • Past perfect – By 2001, the population had increased
- 6. From the past to the present: – Present Perfect tense • Around 100 people have bought new cars in 2013. • Around 100 more people have bought new cars from 2008 to 2013. http://www.smartielts.org
- 7. Future Events – Simple future • The population will increase by 20 % in 2015. – Future perfect • The population will have increased by 20% by 2015. http://www.smartielts.org
- 8. Different ways of expressing numbers • There are a number of different ways of expressing the same figure in English. For example, we can say • ‘half’, • ‘one in two’ or • ‘fifty per cent’ –and they all mean the same. – It’s a good idea to vary the way you express figures in your description of the table or chart http://www.smartielts.org
- 9. Use numbers but bring variety • Don't forget the hyphen in fractions; e.g. 'One-third’ • Don't forget to add an 's' on the end of fractions starting with two or greater • For fractions followed by 'of choice of verb depends on the noun after of • It is more natural to use 'a' instead of 'one' in front of fractions http://www.smartielts.org
- 10. Abuse of only and just Remember that 'only' and 'just' often have a negative meanings, so use them only if you want to show that something is bad; e.g. 'Only 1% of our staff were satisfied with working conditions.' http://www.smartielts.org
- 11. Learning to use the quantifiers • Total students : 500 • Student who study mgmt: 400 • Many students study mgmt. http://www.smartielts.org
- 12. • But we have to be very careful to use them because some of them are used with: – Countable nouns – Uncountable nouns – both http://www.smartielts.org
- 14. While comparing •We can make comparison between: • Countable nouns • Uncountable nouns • While making the comparison the given items may be: • Greater than • Less than • Equal to http://www.smartielts.org
- 18. Expressing movement: nouns and verbs For each trend there are a number of verbs and nouns to express the movement. We can use a verb of change, for example: • Unemployment levels fell • Or • we can use a related noun, for example: • There was a fall in unemployment levels http://www.smartielts.org
- 19. Movement: up Verbs Nouns Rose (to) A rise Increased (to) An increase Went up (to) Growth Climbed (to) An upward trend Boomed A boom (a dramatic rise) http://www.smartielts.org
- 20. Movement: down Verbs Nouns Fell a fall Declined a decline Dropped a drop Decreased a decrease Sank http://www.smartielts.org Went down