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Human Learning
             Topic 12 - 2: Special Issues: Timing




CEDP324   Ryan Sain, Ph.D.    1                     3/30/2012
What is timing?
 Effects of stimuli are determined by durations or
  distributions in time

 Identifying that time has passed – and responding in a
  different manner

 Habituation, sensitization, spontaneous recovery

 Classical conditioning

 Operant conditioning


CEDP324   Ryan Sain, Ph.D.   2                        3/30/2012
Studying timing
 Timing as a biological process

 Environmental clues must be ruled out
     Clocks ticking
     Sun rising




CEDP324   Ryan Sain, Ph.D.   3            3/30/2012
Timing techniques
 Duration estimation
     Discrimination task
     Sd is the duration of an event
     Match to sample procedure
 Peak procedure
     Sd presented
     After specified time passes a response will produce Sr
     Responding follows a generalization gradient

CEDP324   Ryan Sain, Ph.D.     4                        3/30/2012
Time out!
 Using a peak
  procedure
                                     20 second peak   10 second delay
     20 second                      No delay

 Introduce a break in
  the Sd
     10 seconds
     Sd only presented for
      20 seconds total
                                      10       20       30           40
 The peak shifts by that
  amount of break
CEDP324   Ryan Sain, Ph.D.       5                           3/30/2012
Theories
 Cognitive – Scalar Expectancy Theory
     Pacemaker  Switch  accumulator (sums)
     Send that info to working memory
     Then compare that to the stimulus and decide if you should
      respond
 Behavioral
     Adjunctive behavior (waiting behaviors)
              Finger tapping, etc
     Those occur in a particular pattern
     After the pattern is complete the interval should be over

CEDP324       Ryan Sain, Ph.D.       6                            3/30/2012

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324 12 2 special topics timing

  • 1. Human Learning Topic 12 - 2: Special Issues: Timing CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 1 3/30/2012
  • 2. What is timing?  Effects of stimuli are determined by durations or distributions in time  Identifying that time has passed – and responding in a different manner  Habituation, sensitization, spontaneous recovery  Classical conditioning  Operant conditioning CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 2 3/30/2012
  • 3. Studying timing  Timing as a biological process  Environmental clues must be ruled out  Clocks ticking  Sun rising CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 3 3/30/2012
  • 4. Timing techniques  Duration estimation  Discrimination task  Sd is the duration of an event  Match to sample procedure  Peak procedure  Sd presented  After specified time passes a response will produce Sr  Responding follows a generalization gradient CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 4 3/30/2012
  • 5. Time out!  Using a peak procedure 20 second peak 10 second delay  20 second No delay  Introduce a break in the Sd  10 seconds  Sd only presented for 20 seconds total 10 20 30 40  The peak shifts by that amount of break CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 5 3/30/2012
  • 6. Theories  Cognitive – Scalar Expectancy Theory  Pacemaker  Switch  accumulator (sums)  Send that info to working memory  Then compare that to the stimulus and decide if you should respond  Behavioral  Adjunctive behavior (waiting behaviors)  Finger tapping, etc  Those occur in a particular pattern  After the pattern is complete the interval should be over CEDP324 Ryan Sain, Ph.D. 6 3/30/2012