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1. Principles of Information
Systems(PIS1)
Lecturer: Rubben Nambinga
Email: rubbennambinga@gmail.com

2. Introduction to Information Systems
Lesson Objectives
At the end of this lesson you will be able to:
• Define what an information system is by identifying its major
components;
• Describe different types of information systems
• Understand the difference between data and information

3. What is Information Systems
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store,
disseminate and provide feedback to meet an objective.

4. Data, Information, and Knowledge
Data: Raw facts
Information: Collection of facts organized in such a way that they have
value beyond the facts themselves
Process: Converting data into useful outputs
Knowledge: Awareness and understanding of a set of information

5. The Characteristics of Valuable
Information
Accessible - Information should be easily accessible by authorized
users, so they can obtain it in the right format.
Accurate – Information should be error free.
Complete – Complete information should contain all the important
facts.
Secure – Information should be secure from access by unauthorized
users.
Timely – Timely information is delivered when it is needed.

6. Components of Information Systems
Hardware: Computer-based information systems use computer hardware,
such as processors, monitors, keyboard and printers.
Software: These are the programs used to organize, process and analyze
data.
Databases: Information systems work with data, organized into tables and
files.
Network: Different elements need to be connected to each other, especially
if many different people in an organization use the same information system.
Procedures: These describe how specific data are processed and analyzed in
order to get the answers for which the information system is designed.

7. Types of Information Systems
Transaction Processing Systems - They are usually operated directly by
front line staff, which provide the key data required to support the
management of operations.
Management Information Systems – They are management-level
systems that are used by middle managers to help ensure the smooth
running of the organization in the short to medium term.
Decision Support Systems – They are knowledge based system, used
by senior managers.

8. Review Questions
1. Give 5 examples of information systems
2. Apart from the above discussed types of information systems,
discuss 3 more types.

9. END