Low Power Reconfigurable ASICs for Wearable Technology Apps
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Wearable Technology applications are by definition portable, battery powered and very concerned about power consumption, analog performance and cost. Triad Semiconductor makes Reconfigurable Mixed Signal ASICs ( rASIC (tm) ) that help wearable tech companies get products to market quickly and inexpensively. This presentation shows the ultra low power and precision analog performance that can be crafted in a Triad rASIC.
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Low Power Reconfigurable ASICs for Wearable Technology Apps
- 1. Analog & Mixed Signal IC Solutions © Triad Semiconductor, 2014 1 Analog & Mixed Signal Integration Solutions Triad Reconfigurable ASICs in Low Power Design
- 2. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 2 Triad Semiconductor Reconfigurable ASIC Solutions Triad Semiconductor, www.TriadSemi.com, designs and manufactures Reconfigurable Mixed Signal ASIC solutions known as rASICs™. An rASIC™ is a full-custom mixed signal ASIC designed to your specification. Your rASIC can be reconfigured with a single via mask change using Triad’s patented via configurable technology. rASIC benefits include • Full-custom mixed signal ASIC performance & unit cost. • 50% faster time to market verses traditional ASICs. • 70% savings in development costs. • Complete IP protection – your rASIC cannot be copied or cloned by your competitors and your rASIC cannot be purchased by others.
- 3. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 3 Introduction This presentation provides an analysis of the power consumption of a mixed signal circuit implemented on a Triad rASIC. Assumptions • This is a case study for a wearable sensor device • The device is battery powered • Size, Weight and Power reduction is critical • Extensive optimization to each aspect of the ASIC design will be performed to reliably meet the performance goals of the product and yield the lowest power design possible.
- 4. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 4 Attribute Comparison of Triad’s rASIC and a Traditional Full-Custom ASIC Note 1: Discrete development cost assumes two engineers @ $150K/year burdened cost supporting the project for one year. Triad’s rASIC cost is an all inclusive charge for the turnkey development of a custom rASIC. Attribute Catalog IC Design Triad rASIC Traditional Full-Custom ASIC Development Cost $300,0001 $300,000 $1,000,000+ Development Time 2-9 months 6-9 months 18-24 months Re-spin time 1-4 weeks 4-6 weeks 20-24 weeks Analog Performance Fair Full-custom optimized Full-custom optimized Power Consumption in general Not Fully Optimized Full-custom optimized Full-custom optimized Power Consumption this example ~1000uA 216 uA 216 uA Electronic Design Engineers spend 10-35% of the design cycle doing component selection, with Triad rASIC, each component is customized to Spec in the same amount time.
- 5. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 5 Target Block Diagram 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL • Device measures Air Quality, Humidity, Light, Temperature • Slow Changing phenomena • Wide Bandwidth & Fast Sample rate not required • Precision Measurement is very important • Sensors are passive devices • Require Biasing • High Output Impedance • Current Mode (Leakage) • or Potentiometric
- 6. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 6 Target Platform Triad rASIC on example array VCA-4 Digital Resources • 24,000 ASIC Gates • 32 Kbits of 1-Port SRAM • 4Kx16 EEPROM, 20-Year Retention • 48 Configurable Digital I/O • 32KHz to 2MHz PLL • 32 Kbits of 1-Port SRAM • 4Kx16 EEPROM, 20-Year Retention • 32KHz to 2MHz PLL Analog Resources • Low-Power, Low-Noise • 6 Low Power Fully Differential Analog Tiles • 8 Low Power Low Noise Single Ended Analog Tiles • 12 Wideband/Low Noise Op-amp Tiles • 1 Low Power Bias Generators • 2 10-bit Digital Potentiometers • Temperature Sensor
- 7. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 7 Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Triad Typical Quiescent Current 7.20 uA Max Input Offset 1mV Bandwidth 100kHz Max Drift 5 uV/C Input Referred Noise 300 nVrms Min PSRR 80 dB Min CMRR 80 dB Triad TIA is custom designed for the application to lower input offset and optimize bandwidth 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA
- 8. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 8 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Fully-Differential Amplifier (FDA) Triad Typical Quiescent Current 11.7 uA Max Input Offset 1 mV Voltage Mode Gain 1-96 Voltage Gain Steps 1.5 dB PSRR 80 dB CMRR 80 dB 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA Triad FDA is custom designed for application. It features programmable gain in steps of 1.5 dB
- 9. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 9 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL 16-bit Sigma-Delta ADC (SDADC) Triad ADC Reference 6.9 uA Sigma-Delta Modulator 9.4 uA Decimation Filter 36.9 uA Modulator Order 2nd Effective Number of Bits 16 Min Sample Rate 4 sps Max Sample Rate 16 sps Sigma Delta ADC is paired with custom digital logic to allow direct writes to SRAM or EEPROM without CPU intervention 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC
- 10. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 10 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Reference System Triad Voltage Reference 7.9 uA Bias Currents 37.3 uA Buffer Amplifier 6.9 uA Reference Noise <10 Hz 10 uVpp Reference Noise 10 Hz -1 kHz 14 uVrms 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References A shared reference system has many advantages to the distributed system inherent to discrete designs • Less risk of noise coupling to reference system • Reference redundancy is eliminated • Reduces system power • Simplified Error Budgeting
- 11. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 11 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Buffered 8-bit DACs Triad 8bit DAC 7.4 uA Buffer OpAmp 3.2 uA Triad DACs targeted at adjusting sensor Bias voltages with low noise and high precision Higher resolution and larger bandwidth DACs are also supported. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References DACs
- 12. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 12 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Operational Amplifiers Triad Typical Quiescent 6.8 uA Input Offset Voltage 1 mV Gain Bandwidth Product 100kHz* Noise 15 uVrms Max Input Bias Current 100pA PSRR 80 dB CMRR 80 dB Triad optimizes Gain Bandwidth Product to minimize OpAmp Bias current *Larger Bandwidth also available when bias current is increased 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References DACs OpAmps
- 13. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 13 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Temperature Sense Triad Typical Quiescent 5.7 uA Temp Range -40 to 85 deg C Accuracy +/- 3 deg C 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References DACs OpAmps Temp Sense Temperature sensor is an analog representation of die temperature which is digitized by the on-chip ADC.
- 14. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 14 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL Clock System Triad Crystal Driver 71.2 uA Low Frequency Oscillator Frequency Range8 19.2 kHz – 1228.8 kHz Triad’s platform includes an Low Frequency PLL that allows a crystal referenced clock to be dynamically adjusted to control CPU power. For many low power microcontrollers, clocking is limited to fixed DCO frequencies. *Higher Frequencies supported but not required for this application 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References DACs OpAmps Temp Sense Clock System
- 15. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 15 8051 CPU Core - + - + - + - +8bit DAC 8bit DAC 16bit Sigma-Delta ADC TIA TIA - + - + Temp Sense Band Gap Reference System EEPROM SRAM XTAL Driver UART GPIO PLL CPU & Peripherals Triad Sleep Current 2.2 uA Active 1.29 uA/kHz Low Power PWM Mode 35.01 uA Active @ 38.4 kHz 71 uA Active @ 153 kHz 181.6 uA 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 TIA FDA SDADC References DACs OpAmps Temp Sense Clock System Active CPU CPU’s tailored for control of communication interface and other AFE support functions Triad is capable on integrating much higher performance CPUs such as ARM Cortex-M0
- 16. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 16 Bringing it all together • Assuming that the device is always on, the Triad Solution uses 50-90% less power • In practice, most devices utilize a power management state machine to further optimize power…
- 17. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 17 Optimized Power Control State Machine 8051 CORE CLK Voltage Gas Channel 1 Temp Gas Channel 2 ADC ANALOG ADC DIGITAL UART RxD Command ResponseUART TxD A uA B uA C uA C uA C uA C uA E uA D uA tHWTOD tRCV tPROC tADCPPS tADC tDORMtXMIT TEMP AND VOLT SENSE TOTAL CURRENT PMM STOP tCYCLE Average Current 216 uA Note: System optimizations in catalog IC designs may not be possible due to Interface, Bias and Clock system limitations Triad’s Power Control State Machine can operate independent of CPU power state
- 18. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 18 The Virtue of Power and Batteries 3.7V 720mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Dimensions (mm) 30x48x5 Volume 7200 mm3 Mass 15.5 grams Triad Solution Life ~3312 hrs = 138 days Note: Life Calculations use extremely simple formula based on average current and capacity in mAh. Battery parameters such as self discharge, depth of discharge, age, ESR, etc are not factored into these calculations. 3.7V 50mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Dimensions (mm) 12x15x5 Volume 900 mm3 (87.5% less) Mass 1.2 grams (92% less) Triad Solution Life ~228 hrs = 9.5 days Circuit Power Reduction Yields: • Reduced Heat Dissipation • Reduced Mass/Weight • Reduced Physical Volume • Reduced Charging Time • Reduced Cost Savings in Power consumption pay dividends across the entire system
- 19. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 19 220 kHz, 6.7 uA 1 MHz, 44.6 uA 11.7 MHz, 737 uA 50 MHz, 2.8 mA 300MHz, 6 mA 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 1 10 100 1000 10000 UnityGainBandwidth(kHz) Supply Current (uA) IP for Every Occasion • Using our Reconfigurable Technology we can tailor component performance and make trade offs for your application • These optimizations occur for every component, Amplifiers, Filters, ADCs, Linear Regulators, Switch-Mode Power Converters, etc. An example Characterization curve for UGBW vs Supply Current Tradeoffs
- 20. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 20 A Triad rASIC delivers full-custom mixed-signal performance and reduces power consumption by 5-10x, while also reducing development costs by 70% and development time by 50% compared to traditional full-custom approaches. Conclusion A Triad rASIC requires a single via mask change to reconfigure the analog and digital functionality on the device. This via configurable approach delivers a 5-10x reduction in power consumption compared to designs created using catalog IC components. The rASIC example demonstrates a no-compromise, full-custom analog and mixed-signal circuit performance where the designs based on catalog IC’s are limited to the performance & cost of products selected.
- 21. Low Cost Mixed Signal ASIC Design 21 More Information www.TriadSemi.com info@triadsemi.com