A short study of the Ancient Greek Civilization

2. Titans
Cronus – Leader of the first generation of titans
Atlas – Titan who carries the world
Gaea – Primordial goddess of the Earth
Prometheus – Titan who helped the gods
Mnemosyne – Personification of memory
Rhea – Seen as the mother of the Olympian gods
and goddesses
Themis – Personification of divine order, law,
natural law, and custom
Oceanus – Personification of the the World Ocean
Tethys – Mother of the rivers of the world; Wife
and sister to Oceanus
Gods (Major)
Zeus – God of the sky, lightning, thunder, law,
order, justice
Poseidon – God of the sea, earthquakes, storms,
and horses
Hades – King of the underworld; God of the dead
and riches
Demeter – Goddess of agriculture, fertility, sacred
law and harvest
Hera – Queen of the gods; Goddess of marriage,
women and birth
Hephaestus – God of fire, and metalworking
Dionysus – God of the grape harvest, winemaking
and wine
Ares – God of War
Athena – Goddess of Wisdom
Hestia – Goddess of the hearth, home,
architecture, domesticity, family and the state
Aphrodite – Goddess of love, beauty and sexuality
Hermes – Messenger of the gods; Guide to the
underworld; God of thieves and travellers
Artemis - Goddess of the hunt and the moon
Apollo – God of the sun

6. Greco-Persian War – Series of battles between Persia and
the Greek city-states in which the Greeks won
Peloponnesian War – War between Athens and the
Peloponnesian League of Sparta and ended with a signing
of peace
Messenian Wars – A number of wars between Messenia
and Sparta (in 8th, 7th and 4th centuries BC)
Trojan War – Battle between Sparta and the Trojans. The
most notable thing in this war was how the Greeks won
through the use of a gift, tricking them to take the gift home
without knowing that there were warriors inside.

7. Example of what happens in a war

8. Acropolis of Athens – Found on a high rocky
outcrop above the city of Athens. It contains the
ruins of several ancient buildings
Temple of Athena Nike – Built between 427-424
BC, to worship Athena in victory; One of the ruins in
the Acropolis
Parthenon – Dedicated to the goddess Athena
which was built in 447 BC and completed in 438 BC
Erechtheum – Found on the north side of the
Acropolis, it was dedicated to both Poseidon and
Athena

13. Mountainous
Greece is made up of
many mountains
Peninsula
Surrounded by:
- Ionian Sea to the
West
- Mediterranean Sea to
the South
- Aegean Sea to the
East

15. Socrates – Credited as one of the founders of Western
philosophy; Teacher of Plato
Plato – Was a philosopher and a mathematician; Teacher of
Aristotle
Aristotle – Wrote about many subjects such as physics, biology,
zoology, metaphysics, logics, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre,
music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government; Tutored
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great – King of Macedon; Known as one of the
greatest, if not the greatest, general of an army ever
Pericles – The most prominent and influential Greek statesman,
orator and general of Athens during the Golden Age

21. Governments
- Aristocrats
- Aeropagus
- Cleisthenes
City-States (Major)
- Athens – Where Democracy came from
- Sparta – Had one of the most powerful armies in the
world
- Corinth
- Argos
- Mergara
Social Position
- Slave (workers)
- Free (citizens of Greece)

22. Running
Equestrian Events = horseback riding
Pentathlon = Contest featuring five events
- long jump
- javelin throwing
- discus throwing
- stadion
- wrestling

23. Neolithic Period = Began 10th millennium BC
Bronze Age = When bronze was made and used
Minoan Period = From 2700 to 1450 BC
Mycenaean Period = Resulted because of the migration of
the Ionians and the Aeolians
Dark Ages = From 1100 to 800 BC, presumed to be a
result of the Dorian invasion
Archaic Greece = Literacy was lost but they began to use
the Phoenician alphabet, later modifying it into the Greek
alphabet
Classical Greece = Politics and polis was very prominent
during this time
Hellenistic Period = Started with the death of Alexander
the Great in 323 BC