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105/03/17

2.
Welcome
muhammad saleem zafar
seek knoWledge from cradle to the
grave
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General Authority of Civil Aviation
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05/03/17 3General Authority of Civil Aviation
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Setting the standards leads to safety
Aviation Safety is Everyone’s Responsibility
transportation of
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transportation of dangerous
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05/03/17 4General Authority of Civil Aviation
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dangerous goods
regulations
dangerous goods
regulationsAviation Safety is Everyone’s Responsibility

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05/03/17 5General Authority of Civil Aviation
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regulations
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regulationsAviation Safety is Everyone’s Responsibility

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Agenda
 ANNEX 18 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation The
Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
 GACAR - Section 18 The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
 General Authority of Civil Aviation Safety & Economic Regulation
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Contents
 Introduction
 Applicability
 Limitation
 Classification
 Identification
 Marking and Labelling
 Storage and Loading
 Provision and Information
 Dangerous goods emergency response
 Examination
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DANGEROUS GOODS
Dangerous goods are those articles or substances that could be
hazardous in transportation. Many common items from the
home or workshop, as well as a variety of industrial chemicals
or substances, may harm passengers, airline employees, or
aircraft.
To minimize the risk from such materials, the government and
airlines have established a program of regulations for
dangerous goods.
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PREFACE
This presentation "The Transportation Of Dangerous Goods By
Air" is intended as an aid to those personnel involved in
shipment of dangerous goods.
Participant should recognize that regulations change and the
references may not be current at the time they attend this
presentation.
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Introduction
• The safety of many depends on the strength of the supply
chain. Dangerous Goods surround us everyday, everywhere.
Be a strong link, and apply the IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations.
• The IATA DGR is the trusted source to help you prepare
and document dangerous shipments. Recognized by the
world’s airlines for almost 60 years, the DGR is the most
complete, up-to-date, and user-friendly reference in the
industry.
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• So next time you prepare, process, accept or handle a
dangerous goods shipment, please STOP, THINK, CHECK…..
and ensure you have applied the IATA DGR.
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• Some items may endanger the safety of an aircraft or persons
on board it. The air transportation of these dangerous
materials can either be forbidden or restricted.
• IATA leads industry efforts to ensure the safe handling of
dangerous goods in air shipping. Every body must have a great
variety of technical knowledge about products, services and
training solutions, tailored to satisfy industry needs.
• The definition of standards for documentation, handling and
training, as well as their promotion and use, contributed to
achieve a very high degree of safety in the transportation of
dangerous goods by air.
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Development of the Regulations
 Annex 18, Chicago Convention was developed in response to a
need expressed by Contracting States for an internationally
agreed set of provisions governing the safe transport of
dangerous goods by air.
 The broad provisions of Annex 18 are elaborated in the ICAO
Technical Instructions (DOC 9284).
 The internationally agreed instructions in DOC 9284, are also
reflected in the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations.
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Dangerous Goods Requirement for training
Civil Aviation Regulation 92.00.8 requires the following persons
to receive and remain current in dangerous goods training:
1. All shippers, packers, shipper's agents, operators, as well as
2. any person who performs the act of accepting, handling,
loading, unloading, transferring or other processing of cargo,
3. any person which performs the act of processing passengers
4. any person engaged in the screening of passengers and their
baggage
5. passenger handling personnel
6. flight crew members
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Dangerous Goods Enforcement
• Where necessary, Dangerous Goods Inspectors may follow
enforcement procedures with a view to enforcing compliance.
• IATA works closely with local governments and ICAO in the
development of regulations to ensure that the rules and
guidelines on dangerous goods transportation are effective and
efficient.
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ABOUT ICAO
 The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a
specialized agency of the United Nations and was created with
the signing in Chicago, on 7 December 1944, of the Convention
on International Civil Aviation.
 ICAO is the permanent body charged with the administration of
the principles laid out in the Convention. It sets the standards
for aviation safety, security, efficiency and regularity, as well as
for aviation environmental protection.
 ICAO’s membership comprises 191 Member States. Its
headquarters are in Montréal and it has regional offices in
Bangkok, Cairo, Dakar, Lima, Mexico City, Nairobi and Paris.
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anneX18
to the convention
on international
civil aviation
the safe transport
of dangerous
goods by air
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1805/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
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anneX 18, the safe
transport of dangerous
good by air
order number: an 18 isbn 978-92-9231-
813-0
First Edition 1984
Second Edition 1989
Third Edition 2001
Fourth Edition 2011
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Fourth Edition July 2011
This edition incorporates all amendments adopted by
the Council prior to 5 March 2011 and supersedes, on 17
November 2011, all previous editions of Annex 18.
For information regarding the applicability of the
Standards and Recommended Practices, see Foreword
and the relevant clauses in each Chapter.
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Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods by Air are approved, issued and amended by the Council
and amplify the basic provisions of Annex 18.
They contain all the detailed instructions necessary for the safe
international transport of dangerous goods by air. Though not
Standards themselves, they assume the character of Standards
by virtue of Standard 2.2.1 of Annex 18.
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For this reason, the detailed requirements of the Technical
Instructions are considered binding on a State unless, in the
event that the State is unable to accept the binding nature of
the Technical Instructions, it has notified a difference to the
provisions of paragraph 2.2.1 of Annex 18 under Article 38 of
the Convention.
The Technical Instructions are published by ICAO in Doc 9284
which represents the only authentic source material.
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RECORD OF AMENDMENTS
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AMENDMENT
No Date
applicable
Date
entered
Entered
by
1-10 Incorporated in this edition
11 14/11/2013 21/10/2013 ICAO
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Definitions
Chapter 2. Applicability
2-1 General applicability
2.2 Dangerous Goods Technical Instructions
2.3 Domestic civil aircraft operations
2.4 Exceptions
2.5 Notification of variations from the Technical Instructions
2.6 Surface transport
2.7 National authority ...
Chapter 3. Classification
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 4. Limitation on the transport of dangerous goods by air
4.1 Dangerous goods permitted for transport by air
4.2 Dangerous goods forbidden for transport by air unless exempted
4.3 Dangerous goods forbidden for transport by air under any
circumstances
Chapter 5. Packing
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Packagings
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 6. Labeling and marking
6.1 Labels
6.2 Markings
6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Chapter 7. Shipper’s responsibilities
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Dangerous goods transport document
7.3 Languages to be used
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 8. Operator’s responsibilities
8.1 Acceptance for transport
8.2 Acceptance checklist
8.3 Loading and stowage
8.4 Inspection for damage or leakage
8.5 Loading restrictions in passenger cabin or on flight deck
8.6 Removal of contamination
8.7 Separation and segregation
8.8 Securing of dangerous goods cargo loads
8.9 Loading on cargo aircraft .
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 9. Provision of information
9.1 Information to pilot-in-command
9.2 Information and instructions to flight crew members
9.3 Information to passengers
9.4 Information to other persons
9.5 Information from pilot-in-command to aerodrome authorities
9.6 Information in the event of an aircraft accident or incident .
Chapter 10. Establishment of training programs
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 11. Compliance
11.1 Inspection systems
11.2 Cooperation between States
11.3 Penalties
11.4 Dangerous goods by mail .
Chapter 12. Dangerous goods accident and incident reporting
Chapter 13. Dangerous goods security provisions
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FOREWORD (Historical background )
The material in this Annex was developed by the Air Navigation
Commission in response to a need expressed by Contracting
States for an internationally agreed set of provisions governing
the safe transport of dangerous goods by air.
In order to assist in achieving compatibility with the regulations
covering the transport of dangerous goods by other modes of
transport, the provisions of this Annex are based on the
Recommendations of the United Nations Committee of Experts
on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and the Regulations for
the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials of the International
Atomic Energy Agency
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Relationship with the Technical Instructions for the
Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air(Doc 9284)
 The provisions of Annex 18 govern the international
transport of dangerous goods by air.
 The broad provisions of this Annex are amplified by the
detailed specifications of the Technical Instructions for
the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air
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Action by Contracting States
Notification of differences.
 The attention of Contracting States is drawn to the obligation imposed by
Article 38 of the Convention by which Contracting States are required to notify
the Organization of any differences between their national regulations and
practices and the International Standards contained in this Annex and any
amendments thereto.
 Contracting States are invited to extend such notification to any differences
from the Recommended Practices contained in this Annex, and any
amendments thereto, when the notification of such differences is important
for the safety of air navigation.
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 Further, Contracting States are invited to keep the Organization
currently informed of any differences which may subsequently
occur, or of the withdrawal of any differences previously notified.
 A specific request for notification of differences will be sent to
Contracting States immediately after the adoption of each
amendment to this Annex.
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 The attention of States is also drawn to the provisions of Annex 15
related to the publication of differences between their national
regulations and practices and the related ICAO Standards and
Recommended Practices through the Aeronautical Information
Service, in addition to the obligation of States under Article 38 of
the Convention.
 In the specific case of 2.2.1 of this Annex, it should be noted that
States are expected to file a difference only if they are unable to
accept the binding nature of the Technical Instructions.
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 Variations from the detailed provisions of the Technical
Instructions are to be reported to ICAO for publication in that
document as required by 2.5 of this Annex.
 Such detailed variations from the Technical Instructions will not be
published with any other differences in a Supplement to this
Annex and are not expected to be published under the provisions
of Annex 15.
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Promulgation of information.
 The establishment and withdrawal of any changes to
facilities, services and procedures affecting aircraft
operations provided in accordance with the Standards
specified in this Annex should be notified and take effect in
accordance with the provisions of Annex 15.
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Status of Annex components
An Annex is made up of the following component parts, not
all of which, however, are necessarily found in every Annex;
they have the status indicated:
1.— Material comprising the Annex proper:
a) Standards and Recommended Practices adopted by the
Council under the provisions of the Convention. They are
defined as follows:
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Standard:
 Any specification for physical characteristics, configuration,
materiel, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform
application of which recognized as necessary for the safety or
regularity of international air navigation and to which
Contracting States will conform in accordance with the
Convention; in the event of impossibility of compliance,
notification to the Council is compulsory under Article 38.
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Recommended Practice:
 Any specification for physical characteristics, configuration,
materiel, performance, personnel or procedure, the uniform
application of which is recognized as desirable in the interest
of safety, regularity or efficiency of international air
navigation, and to which Contracting States will Endeavour
to conform in accordance with the Convention.
b) Appendices comprising material grouped separately for
convenience but forming part of the Standards and
Recommended Practices adopted by the Council.
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c) Definitions of terms used in the Standards and Recommended
Practices which are not self-explanatory in that they do not
have accepted dictionary meanings. A definition does not
have independent status but is an essential part of each
Standard and Recommended Practice in which the term is
used, since a change in the meaning of the term would affect
the specification.
d) Tables and Figures which add to or illustrate a Standard or
Recommended Practice and which are referred to therein,
form part of the associated Standard or Recommended
Practice and have the same status.
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2.— Material approved by the Council for publication in
association with the Standards and Recommended Practices:
a) Forewords comprising historical and explanatory material
based on the action of the Council and including an
explanation of the obligations of States with regard to the
application of the Standards and Recommended Practices
ensuing from the Convention and the Resolution of
Adoption.
b) Introductions comprising explanatory material introduced at
the beginning of parts, chapters or sections of the Annex to
assist in the understanding of the application of the text.
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c) Notes included in the text, where appropriate, to give factual
information or references bearing on the Standards or
Recommended Practices in question, but not constituting
part of the Standards or Recommended Practices.
d) Attachments comprising material supplementary to the
Standards and Recommended Practices, or included as a
guide to their application.
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Selection of language
This Annex has been adopted in six languages — English,
Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish.
Each Contracting State is requested to select one of those
texts for the purpose of national implementation and for
other effects provided for in the Convention, either through
direct use or through translation into its own national
language, and to notify the Organization accordingly.
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Editorial practices
The following practice has been adhered to in order to
indicate at a glance the status of each statement: Standards
have been printed in light face roman; Recommended
Practices have been printed in light face italics, the status
being indicated by the prefix Recommendation; Notes have
been printed in light face italics, the status being indicated by
the prefix Note.
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It will be noted that in the English text the following practice
has been adhered to when writing the specifications:
Standards employ the operative verb “shall” while
Recommended Practices employ the operative verb
“should”.
Any reference to a portion of this document, which is
identified by a number and/or title, includes all subdivisions
of that portion.
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gacar - section
18
the safe
transport of
dangerous goods
by air
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FOREWORD
The following Regulations governing The Safe Transportation
of Dangerous Goods by Air are based on Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
12, 16 17, 19, 22, 31, 45, 89, 132, 133, 134, 163, 166, 170 and
173 of the Civil Aviation Act, that has been approved by the
Council of Ministers’ Resolution No. 185, dated 17/07/1426H
and issued by Royal Decree No. M/44, dated 18/07/1426H.
(23/08/2005G), and are in accordance with ICAO Annex 18, The
Safe Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air and its related
documents.
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The promulgation of this regulation is based on the authority
granted in Article 179 of the Civil Aviation Act, and is issued
under the authority of the President, General Authority of Civil
Aviation, as a duly delegated representative of the GACA Board
of Directors, in accordance with Order No.T-41, dated
30/12/1429H (28/12/2008G).
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The General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) is responsible for
the preparation and distribution of all regulations in sufficient
quantities so that all service providers and aircraft operators
based in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are able to obtain an
authentic copy prior to the effective date of the Regulation.
APPROVED:
Original Signed
Fahad Bin Abdullah Al-Saud
President, General Authority of Civil Aviation
Effective Date: 14 November 2013
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CONTENT RULES
Organization Structure:
a) The Safety and Economic Regulation Sector (S&ER) of the
General Authority of civil Aviation (GACA) is the Designated
Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air with the following
responsibilities:
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CONTENT RULES
Organization Structure:
a) The Safety and Economic Regulation Sector (S&ER) of the
General Authority of civil Aviation (GACA) is the Designated
Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air with the following
responsibilities:
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CONTENT RULES
Organization Structure:
a) The Safety and Economic Regulation Sector (S&ER) of the
General Authority of civil Aviation (GACA) is the Designated
Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air with the following
responsibilities:
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Safety and Economic Regulation (S&ER)
 The Safety and Economic Regulation Sector (S&ER) of the
General Authority of civil Aviation (GACA) is the Sector of the
(GACA), which is the sole Regulator and Auditor of the
aviation industry in Saudi Arabia.
 Also has Designated Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia for the Safe Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air
and other responsibilities
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Safety and Economic Regulation (S&ER)
 As a Sector of the (GACA), is the sole Regulator and Auditor of
the aviation industry in Saudi Arabia.
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1) carry out the function of safety regulation of the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air. This includes
promulgation of specific requirements, operating regulations
and implementation policies, which are periodically reviewed
to ensure they remain relevant and appropriate to the safe
transportation of dangerous goods by air,
2) ensure and enforce compliance with the applicable
regulations and procedures of GACAR Section 18 including the
identification of conditions and circumstances under which Air
Operator or Ground Handling Agent, Shipper and Freight
Forwarder are allowed to deal with, and resolve, events
involving certain deviations within the context of the GACAR
Section 18,
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3) perform safety oversight functions include audits,
inspections, investigations and data analysis; and
4) Conduct on site facilities audits based on pre-established
annual audit program and frequent inspections of areas of
greater safety concern or need, as identified by the analysis
of Data, or as instructed by Senior Management.
5) Ensure the capture and storage of data on safety risks and
deviations,
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6) Perform analysis of the stored data and actively exchange
safety information with the concerned departments within
GACA;
7) Organize internal training, communication and
dissemination of Safety information;
b) The intent of GACAR section 18 is to regulate the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air only and it is not
intended to regulate the process of import or export of
dangerous goods into and out of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
which are regulated by other government entities of KSA.
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c) Under current arrangements, the process for issuance,
renewal, change of the Certificate of Approval for the Safe
Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air for air operators,
ground handling agencies, shipper, and freight forwarder is
delegated the Department of Economic Regulation of S&ER of
GACA.
d) Under current arrangements, prior approval for the
facilitation movement of dangerous goods by air within, or
over – flaying the KSA territory which are consigned from
another Contracting State in accordance with ICAO Technical
Instructions or IATA DG Regulations is delegated to the
Department of Agreements and Authorization of S&ER of
GACA.
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e) Under current arrangements, the Safety Department of
GACA S&ER shall conduct investigation of violations, accidents
and or incidents involving the transportation of dangerous goods by
air.
f) The Department of Economic Regulation of S&ER of GACA, the
Central Department of Aviation Security of the Corporate Core
Sector of GACA, and the Aerodromes Safety and Quality
Assurance Departments shall conduct on site facilities audits
based on pre-established annual audit program and frequent
inspections of areas of greater safety concern or need as identified by
the analysis of Data, or as instructed by Senior Management.
Copies of audit/inspection reports shall be forwarded to Safety
Department of GACA S&ER.
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Rules of Constructions:
a) To avoid any misunderstanding within this regulation,
certain words are to be interpreted as having specific
meanings when they are used, unless the context
requires otherwise:
(1) Words importing the singular include the
plural;
(2) Words importing the plural include the
singular; and
(3) Words importing the masculine gender
include the feminine.
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b) In this regulation, the following protocol is used:
(1) The words "Shall" and "must" indicate that
compliance is compulsory.
(2) The word "should" indicates a recommendation. It
does not means that compliance is optional but
rather that, where insurmountable difficulties exist,
the GACA- S&ER may accept an alternative means of
compliance, provided that an acceptable safety
assurance from the Air Navigation Services shows
that the safety requirements will not be reduced
below that intended by the requirement.
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(3) The word "Can" or "May" is used in a permissive sense to
state authority or permission to do the act prescribed, and
the words "no person may * * *" or "a person may not * * *"
mean that no person is required, authorized, or permitted to
do the act prescribed;
(4) The word "will" is used to express the future; and
5) The word "Includes" means "includes but is not limited to".
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AMENDMENT PROCEDURE
 The existing General Authority of Civil Aviation Regulations
(GACAR) will be periodically reviewed to reflect the latest
updates of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs); it will be also
amended to reflect the latest aviation safety provisions issued
by Regional and International Civil Aviation Organizations.
 A complete revised edition incorporating all amendments will
be published every three years from the original effective date
of this regulation.
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The amendment procedure shall be as follows;
1. When the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA)
receives an amendment to any of the current ICAO
Annexes that can affect the provisions of this regulation, it
will be forwarded by the Vice President of International
Organization Affairs to the Vice President, Safety and
Economic Regulation (S&ER) who in turn will provide a
copy of this amendment to the concerned department for
study and comments taking into account the ICAO
deadline for the reply.
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2. When any GACA department or stakeholder proposes an
amendment to this regulation, it will send a letter with the
proposed amendment including a clear justification and
argument for such amendment. Following the receipt of an
amendment proposal, the S&ER will analyze this proposal
and forward its comments and any proposed decision action to
the S&ER Vice President.
3. An accepted amendment proposal will be prepared as draft
amendment to the GACAR-Section 18 and forwarded to the
originator of the amendment proposal and concerned GACA
department (s) for further review and comment within a
specified timeline.
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4. All accepted amendments will be drafted in the form of
Notices of Proposed Amendments (NPA) and forwarded to all
concerned parties including stakeholders for comment
within a two-month reply period. The NPA shall indicate the
proposed Amendment’s effective date.
5. Following the receipt of NPA replies, the S&ER will analyze
the comments received and produce a new draft in
consultation with the concerned GACA department. The final
draft will be submitted to President of the General Authority of
Civil Aviation for formal approval prior to publication.
6. The Amendment’s effective date will take into account the
comments of all the concerned parties and stakeholders.
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7. Any differences between the GACAR Section 18 new
amendment and ICAO Annexes Standards and Recommended
Practices will be forwarded to ICAO as a Difference and
published as it is in the Aeronautical Information Publication
(AIP).
8. All concerned parties and stakeholders will be provided a
copy of the new amendment and will be requested to update
their copy of the GACAR Section 18 accordingly.
9. It is the responsibility of all concerned parties to keep their
copy of GACAR-Section 18 and other GACA regulation
publication up to date.
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SUPPLEMENTARY REGULATIONS
From time to time it will be necessary to issue regulations
which supplement or augment the GACAR Regulations. The
following procedures will apply:
1. Supplementary regulations will be issued in the form of
a GACA Regulation Circular (RC).
2. The GACA Regulation Circular will be approved by the
President.
3. The process for preparation and publishing of the GACA
Regulation Circular will be addressed in the GACA
Quality System Manual.
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AMENDMENT RECORD
* This edition incorporates all ICAO amendments to annex
18, up to and including amendment 11.
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number
Amendment
date
Affected
pages
Effective
date
Incorporated
by
Incorporated
on
Edition 3.0 14/11/2013 All 14/11/2013 S&ER 14/11/2013
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LIST OF CURRENT DIFFERENCES TO ICAO SARPS
GACA Regulation Section 18 is based on ICAO Annex 18. The
following is a list of differences between the GACA
Regulation and the ICAO Standards and Recommended
Practices (SARPS). Differences have been notified to ICAO
and are also published in the KSA Aeronautical Information
Publication (AIP-GEN 1.7).
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BY AIR– Amendment 11
SARP
Identifier
Regulation
Reference
Difference
No Differences
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Definitions
Chapter 2. Applicability
Chapter 3. Classification
Chapter 4. Limitation on the transport of dangerous goods by a
Chapter 5. Packing
Chapter 6. Labeling and marking
Chapter 7. Shipper’s responsibilities
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont;d)
Chapter 8. Operator’s responsibilities
Chapter 9. Provision of information
Chapter 10. Establishment of training programs
Chapter 11. Compliance
Chapter 12. Dangerous goods accident and incident reporting
Chapter 13. Dangerous goods security provisions
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CHapTer 1
DefiniTions
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DEFINITIONS
When the following terms are used in this Annex, they have
the following meanings:
Acceptance Check List:
A document used to assist in carrying out a check on the
external appearance of packages of dangerous goods and
their associated documents to determine that all appropriate
requirements have been met.
Cargo Aircraft:
Any aircraft, other than a passenger aircraft, which is
carrying goods or property
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Dangerous Goods Transport Document:
A document, which is specified by the Technical Instructions or
IATA DG Regulations, it is completed by the person who offers
dangerous goods for air transport and contains information
about those dangerous goods. The document bears a signed
declaration indicating that the dangerous goods are fully and
accurately described by their proper shipping names and UN
numbers (if assigned) and that they are correctly classified,
packed, marked, labelled and in a proper condition for
transport.
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Offerer:
The party that offers dangerous goods for
transportation.
Carrier:
The party that accepts dangerous goods for transportation.
Packaging Manufacturer:
The party that supplies packaging that it represents as
conforming to any UN/ICAO packaging specifications.
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Excess Baggage :
Baggage which a passenger has presented to check-in as
accompanied checked baggage, but which exceeds the
passenger's baggage allowance specified by the operator and
which is consequently consigned as cargo in order to be sent to
the same destination as the passenger.
Note:- This is commonly referred to as “unaccompanied baggage”
or “baggage consigned as cargo”
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Approval.
An authorization granted by an appropriate national
authority for:
a) the transport of dangerous goods forbidden on
passenger and/or cargo aircraft where the Technical
Instructions state that such goods may be carried with an
approval; or
b) other purposes as provided for in the Technical
Instructions.
Note.— In the absence of a specific reference in the Technical
Instructions allowing the granting of an approval, an
exemption may be sought.
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Cargo aircraft.
Any aircraft, other than a passenger aircraft, which is
carrying goods or property.
Consignment.
One or more packages of dangerous goods accepted by an
operator from one shipper at one time and at one address,
receipted for in one lot and moving to one consignee at one
destination address.
Crew member.
A person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft
during a flight duty period.
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Dangerous goods.
Articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to
health, safety, property or the environment and which are
shown in the list of dangerous goods in the Technical
Instructions or which are classified according to those
Instructions.
Dangerous goods accident.
An occurrence associated with and related to the transport
of dangerous goods by air which results in fatal or serious
injury to a person or major property or environmental
damage.
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Dangerous goods incident.
An occurrence, other than a dangerous goods accident,
associated with and related to the transport of dangerous
goods by air, not necessarily occurring on board an
aircraft, which results in injury to a person, property or
environmental damage, fire, breakage, spillage, leakage
of fluid or radiation or other evidence that the integrity
of the packaging has not been maintained.
Any occurrence relating to the transport of dangerous
goods which seriously jeopardizes the aircraft or its
occupants is also deemed to constitute a dangerous
goods incident.
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Exception.
A provision in this Annex which excludes a specific item of
dangerous goods from the requirements normally applicable
to that item.
Exemption.
An authorization, other than an approval, granted by an
appropriate national authority providing relief from the
provisions of the Technical Instructions
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Freight Container:
A freight container is an article of transport equipment for
radioactive materials, designed to facilitate the transport of
such materials, either packed or unpacked, by one or more
modes of transport. (Note: See Unit Load Device where the
dangerous goods are not radioactive materials)
Ground Handling Agent (GHA):
An agency, which performs on behalf of the operator some or
all of the latter’s functions including receiving, loading,
unloading, transferring or other processing of passengers or
cargo.
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IATA Regulation:
The Latest edition of IATA Dangerous Goods Regulation as
promulgated by the IATA dangerous goods board and its
relevant amendments.
Incompatible:
Describing dangerous goods, this if mixed, would be liable to
cause a dangerous evolution of heat or gas or produce a
corrosive substance.
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Flight crew member.
A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the
operation of an aircraft during a flight duty period.
Operator.
A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or offering to
engage in an aircraft operation.
Overpack.
An enclosure used by a single shipper to contain one or more
packages and to form one handling unit for convenience of
handling and stowage
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Package.
The complete product of the packing operation consisting of
the packaging and its contents prepared for transport.
Packaging.
Receptacles and any other components or materials
necessary for the receptacle to perform its containment
function.
Note.— For radioactive material, see Part 2, paragraph 7.2 of
the Technical Instructions.
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Passenger aircraft.
An aircraft that carries any person other than a crew
member, an operator’s employee in an official capacity, an
authorized representative of an appropriate national
authority or a person accompanying a consignment or other
cargo.
Pilot-in-command.
The pilot designated by the operator, or in the case of
general aviation, the owner, as being in command and
charged with the safe conduct of a flight.
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Serious injury.
An injury which is sustained by a person in an accident and
which:
a) requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours,
commencing within seven days from the date the injury
was received; or
b) results in a fracture of any bone (except simple
fractures of fingers, toes or nose); or
c) involves lacerations which cause severe hemorrhage,
nerve, muscle or tendon damage; or
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d) involves injury to any internal organ; or
e) involves second or third degree burns, or any burns
affecting more than 5 per cent of the body surface; or
f) involves verified exposure to infectious substances or
injurious radiation.
State of Destination.
The State in the territory of which the consignment is finally
to be unloaded from an aircraft.
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State of Origin.
The State in the territory of which the consignment
is first to be loaded on an aircraft.
State of the Operator.
The State in which the operator’s principal place of business
is located or, if there is no such place of business, the
operator’s permanent residence.
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State of Registry:
The state on whose register the aircraft is entered
Technical Instructions.
The Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284), approved and issued
periodically in accordance with the procedure established by
the ICAO Council.
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UN number.
The four-digit number assigned by the United Nations
Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods
and on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and
Labeling of Chemicals to identify an article or substance or a
particular group of articles or substances.
Unit load device.
Any type of freight container, aircraft container, aircraft
pallet with a net, or aircraft pallet with a net over an igloo.
Note.— An overpack is not included in this definition.
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CHapTer 2
appLiCaBiLiTY
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APPLICABILITY
2.1 General applicability
2.1.1 The Standards and Recommended Practices of this
Annex shall be applicable to all international operations of civil
aircraft.
2.1.2 Where specifically provided for in the Technical Instructions,
the States concerned may grant an approval provided that in
such instances an overall level of safety in transport which is
equivalent to the level of safety provided for in the Technical
Instructions is achieved.
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2.1.3 In instances:
a) of extreme urgency; or
b) When other forms of transport are inappropriate; or
c) When full compliance with the prescribed requirements
is contrary to the public interest, the States concerned may
grant an exemption from the provisions of the Technical
Instructions provided that in such instances every effort shall
be made to achieve an overall level of safety in transport
which is equivalent to the level of safety provided for in the
Technical Instructions.
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2.1.4 For the State of Over flight, if none of the criteria for
granting an exemption are relevant, an exemption may
be granted based solely on whether it is believed that an
equivalent level of safety in air transport has been
achieved.
Note 1.— For the purpose of approvals, “States concerned” are
the States of Origin and the Operator, unless otherwise
specified in the Technical Instructions.
Note 2.— For the purpose of exemptions, “States concerned”
are the States of Origin, Operator, Transit, Overflight
and Destination.
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Note 3.— Guidance for the processing of exemptions, including
examples of extreme urgency, may be found in the
Supplement to the Technical Instructions (Part S-1,
Chapter 1, 1.2 and 1.3).
Note 4.— Refer to 4.3 for dangerous goods forbidden for
transport by air under any circumstances.
Note 5.— It is not intended that this Annex be interpreted as
requiring an operator to transport a particular article or
substance or as preventing an operator from adopting
special requirements on the transport of a particular
article or substance.
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2.2 Dangerous Goods Technical Instructions
2.2.1 Each Contracting State shall take the necessary
measures to achieve compliance with the detailed
provisions contained in the Technical Instructions.
Contracting State shall also take the necessary measures
to achieve compliance with any amendment to the
Technical Instructions which may be published during
the specified period of applicability of an edition of the
Technical Instructions.
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2.2.2 Each Contracting State should inform ICAO of difficulties
encountered in the application of the Technical
Instructions and of any amendments which it would be
desirable to make to them.
2.2.3 Although an amendment to the Technical Instructions
with an immediate applicability for reasons of safety
may not yet have been implemented in a Contracting
State, such State should, nevertheless, facilitate the
movement of dangerous goods in its territory which are
consigned from another Contracting State in accordance
with that amendment, providing the goods comply in
total with the revised requirements.
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2.3 Domestic civil aircraft operations
In the interests of safety and of minimizing interruptions to the
international transport of dangerous goods, Contracting States
should also take the necessary measures to achieve compliance
with the Annex and the Technical Instructions for domestic civil
aircraft operations.
2.4 Exceptions
2.4.1 Articles and substances which would otherwise be classed as
dangerous goods but which are required to be aboard the aircraft
in accordance with the pertinent airworthiness requirements and
operating regulations, or for those specialized purposes identified
in the Technical Instructions, shall be excepted from the provisions
of this Annex
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2.4.2 Where articles and substances intended as replacements
for those described in 2.4.1 or which have been removed
for replacement are carried on an aircraft, they shall be
transported in accordance with the provisions of this
Annex except as permitted in the Technical Instructions.
2.4.3 Specific articles and substances carried by passengers or
crew members shall be excepted from the provisions of
this Annex to the extent specified in the Technical
Instructions.
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2.5 Notification of variations from the Technical
Instructions
2.5.1 Where a Contracting State adopts different provisions
from those specified in the Technical Instructions, it
shall notify ICAO promptly of such State variations for
publication in the Technical Instructions.
Note.— Contracting States are expected to notify a difference
to the provisions of 2.2.1 under Article 38 of the
Convention only if they are unable to accept the binding
nature of the Technical Instructions. Where States have
adopted different provisions from those specified in the
Technical Instructions, they are expected to be reported
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2.5.2 The State of the Operator should take the necessary
measures to ensure that when an operator adopts more
restrictive requirements than those specified in the Technical
Instructions, the notification of such operator variations is
made to ICAO for publication in the Technical Instructions.
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2.6 Surface transport
States should make provisions to enable dangerous goods
intended for air transport and prepared in accordance with
the ICAO Technical Instructions to be accepted for surface
transport to or from aerodromes.
2.7 National authority
Each Contracting State shall designate and specify to ICAO an
appropriate authority within its administration to be
responsible for ensuring compliance with this Annex
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CHapTer 3
CLassifiCaTion
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United Nations (UN) Classification System
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CLASSIFICATION
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CLASSIFICATION
The classification of an article or substance shall be in
accordance with the provisions of the Technical Instructions.
Note.— The detailed definitions of the classes of dangerous
goods are contained in the Technical Instructions. These
classes identify the potential risks associated with the
transport of dangerous goods by air and are those
recommended by the United Nations Committee of Experts
on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.
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CLASSIFICATION
Dangerous Goods are broken down into nine
numbered classes
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Dangerous Goods by Class Numbers
 Class 1: Explosive
 Class 2: Gasses
 Class 3: Flammable Liquids
 Class 4: Flammable Solids or Substances
 Class 5: Oxidizers
 Class 6: Poisonous or Infectious Substances
 Class 7: Radioactive Substances
 Class 8: Corrosives
 Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances
 The class number is the number located on the bottom
corner of the label or placard.
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CLASSIFYING MATERIALS
Hazard Class General Properties
Designator
Class 1 Explosives. (includes 6 sub-subdivisions
and 13 compatibility groups)
Class 2 Gases.
Division 2.1 — Flammable gases
Division 2.2 — Non-flammable, non-toxic gases
Division 2.3 — Toxic gases
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Class 3 Flammable liquids.
Class 4 Flammable solids; Substances liable to spontaneous
combustion; Substances which, in contact with
water, emit flammable gases.
Division 4.1 - Flammable Solids
Division 4.2 - Substances liable to spontaneous
combustion
Division 4.3 - Substances which, in contact with
water, emit flammable gases
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Class 5 Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxide
Division 5.1 – Oxidizing Substances
Division 5.2 - Organic Peroxides
Class 6 Toxic and Infectious Substances
Division 6.1 - Toxic Substances
Division 6.2 - Infectious Substances
Class 7 Radioactive Material.
Class 8 Corrosives.
Class 9 Miscellaneous Substances and Articles.
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CHAPTER 4
LIMITATION ON THE TRANSPORT OF
DANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR
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LIMITATION ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS
GOODS BY AIR
4.1 Dangerous goods permitted for transport by air
The transport of dangerous goods by air shall be
forbidden except as established in this Annex and the
detailed specifications and procedures provided in the
Technical Instructions.
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4.2 Dangerous goods forbidden for transport by air
unless exempted.
The dangerous goods described hereunder shall be
forbidden on aircraft unless exempted by the States
concerned under the provisions of 2.1 or unless the
provisions of the Technical Instructions indicate they may be
transported under an approval granted by the State of Origin:
Dangerous goods that are identified in the Technical
Instructions as being forbidden for transport in normal
circumstances; and Infected live animals.
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 Radioactive material which is:
– In vented type B (M) packages;
– In packages which require external cooling by an ancillary cooling
system;
– In packages subject to operational controls during transport;
 Explosive;
 A pyrophoric liquid.
– Unless otherwise provided, articles and substances (including those
described as “not otherwise specified”) with a UN number, which are
identified in the List of Dangerous Goods as being forbidden;
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 Liquids having a vapour inhalation toxicity which requires
Packing Group I packaging;
 Substances that are offered for transport in a liquid state at
temperatures equal to or exceeding 100°C (212°F), or in a
solid state at temperatures equal to or exceeding 240°C
(464°F);
 Any other articles or substance as specified by the
appropriate national authority.
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4.3 Dangerous goods forbidden for transport by air
under any circumstances
No person shall accept, process or transport articles or
that are specifically identified by name or by generic
description in the ICAO Technical Instructions or IATA DG
Regulations as being forbidden for transport by air
under any circumstances
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CHAPTER 5
PACKING
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PACKING
5.1 General requirements
Dangerous goods shall be packed in accordance with the
provisions of this chapter and as provided for in the Technical
Instructions.
5.2 Packaging
5.2.1 Packaging used for the transport of dangerous
goods by air shall be of good quality and shall be
constructed and securely closed so as to prevent
leakage which might be caused in normal conditions
of transport, by changes in temperature, humidity or
pressure, or by vibration.
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5.2.2 Packaging shall be suitable for the contents. Packaging in
direct contact with dangerous goods shall be resistant to
any chemical or other action of such goods.
5.2.3 Packaging shall meet the material and construction
specifications in the Technical Instructions.
5.2.4 Packaging shall be tested in accordance with the provisions
of the Technical Instructions.
5.2.5 Packaging for which retention of a liquid is a basic function,
shall be capable of withstanding, without leaking, the
pressure stated in the Technical Instructions.
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5.2.6 Inner packaging shall be so packed, secured or cushioned
as to prevent their breakage or leakage and to control their
movement within the outer packaging(s) during normal
conditions of air transport. Cushioning and absorbent
materials shall not react dangerously with the contents of
the packaging.
5.2.7 No packaging shall be reused until it has been inspected
and found free from corrosion or other damage. Where a
packaging is reused, all necessary measures shall be taken
to prevent contamination of subsequent contents.
.
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5.2.8 If, because of the nature of their former contents, un-cleaned
empty packaging may present a hazard, they shall be tightly
closed and treated according to the hazard they constitute.
5.2.9 No harmful quantity of a dangerous substance shall adhere
to the outside of packages.
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PACKING GROUPS
 Packing Group I Great Danger
 Packing Group II Medium Danger
 Packing Group III Minor Danger
PACKAGING OPTIONS
There are generally three available packaging options for
dangerous goods shipped under the international standards:
1. “specification packaging”
2. "limited quantities" packaging
3. "excepted quantities" packaging
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CHAPTER 6
LABELLING AND MARKING
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LABELLING AND MARKING
6.1 Labels
Unless otherwise provided for in the Technical Instructions,
each package of dangerous goods shall be labeled with the
appropriate labels and in accordance with the provisions set forth
in those Instructions.
6.2 Markings
6.2.1 Unless otherwise provided for in the Technical
Instructions, each package of dangerous goods shall be
marked with the proper shipping name of its contents
and, when assigned, the UN number and such other
markings as may be specified in those Instructions.
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127
6.2.2 Specification markings on packagings. Unless otherwise
provided for in the Technical Instructions, each packaging
manufactured to a specification contained in those
Instructions shall be so marked in accordance with the
appropriate provisions of those Instructions and no
packaging shall be marked with a packaging specification
marking unless it meets the appropriate packaging
specification contained in those Instructions.
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6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Recommendation.— In addition to the languages
required by the State of Origin and pending the development
and adoption of a more suitable form of expression for
universal use, English should be used for the markings
related to dangerous good.
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6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Recommendation.— In addition to the languages
required by the State of Origin and pending the development
and adoption of a more suitable form of expression for
universal use, English should be used for the markings
related to dangerous good.
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6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Recommendation.— In addition to the languages
required by the State of Origin and pending the development
and adoption of a more suitable form of expression for
universal use, English should be used for the markings
related to dangerous good.
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131.
131
6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Recommendation.— In addition to the languages
required by the State of Origin and pending the development
and adoption of a more suitable form of expression for
universal use, English should be used for the markings
related to dangerous good.
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132.
132
6.3 Languages to be used for markings
Recommendation.— In addition to the languages
required by the State of Origin and pending the development
and adoption of a more suitable form of expression for
universal use, English should be used for the markings
related to dangerous good.
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134.
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135.
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CHAPTER 7
SHIPPER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
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136.
136
SHIPPER’S RESPONSIBILITIES
7.1 General requirements
Before a person offers any package or overpack of dangerous
goods for transport by air, that person shall ensure that the
dangerous goods are not forbidden for transport by air and are
properly classified, packed, marked, labelled and accompanied
by a properly executed dangerous goods transport document,
as specified in this Annex and the Technical Instructions.
For further details please see chapter 6.1 of GACA 18-01
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137
7.2 Dangerous goods transport document
7.2.1 Unless otherwise provided for in the Technical
Instructions, the person who offers dangerous goods for transport
by air shall complete, sign and provide to the operator a
dangerous goods transport document, which shall contain the
information required by those Instructions.
7.2.2 The transport document shall bear a declaration signed by
the person who offers dangerous goods for transport indicating
that the dangerous goods are fully and accurately described
by their proper shipping names and that they are classified, packed,
marked, labelled, and in proper condition for transport by air in
accordance with the relevant regulations.
See 6.2 of GACA 18-01 for more information
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138
7.3 Languages to be used
In addition to the languages which may be required by the State
of Origin and pending the development and adoption of a more
suitable form of expression for universal use, English should be
used for the dangerous goods transport document.
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139.
139
CHAPTER 8
OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES
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140.
140
OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES
8.1 Acceptance for transport
An operator shall not accept dangerous goods for transport
by air:
 unless the dangerous goods are accompanied by a
completed dangerous goods transport document, except
where the Technical Instructions indicate that such a
document is not required; and
 until the package, overpack or freight container containing
the dangerous goods has been inspected in accordance
with the acceptance procedures contained in the Technical
Instructions.
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141
Note 1.— See Chapter 12 concerning the reporting of
dangerous goods accidents and incidents.
Note 2.— Special provisions relating to the acceptance of
overpacks are contained in the Technical Instructions.
8.2 Acceptance checklist
An operator shall develop and use an acceptance checklist as an
aid to compliance with the provisions of 8.1.
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8.3 Loading and stowage
Packages and overpacks containing dangerous goods and freight
containers containing radioactive materials shall be loaded and
stowed on an aircraft in accordance with the provisions of the
Technical Instructions
8.4 Inspection for damage or leakage
8.4.1 Packages and overpacks containing dangerous goods and
freight containers containing radioactive materials shall be
inspected for evidence of leakage or damage before loading
on an aircraft or into a unit load device. Leaking or
damaged packages, overpacks or freight containers shall
not be loaded on an aircraft.
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143
8.4.2 A unit load device shall not be loaded aboard an aircraft
unless the device has been inspected and found free from any
evidence of leakage from, or damage to, any dangerous goods
contained therein.
8.4.3 Where any package of dangerous goods loaded on an aircraft
appears to be damaged or leaking, the operator shall remove
such package from the aircraft, or arrange for its removal by an
appropriate authority or organization, and thereafter shall
ensure that the remainder of the consignment is in a proper
condition for transport by air and that no other package has
been contaminated.
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8.4.4 Packages or overpacks containing dangerous goods and
freight containers containing radioactive materials shall be
inspected for signs of damage or leakage upon unloading from
the aircraft or unit load device. If evidence of damage or
leakage is found, the area where the dangerous goods or unit
load device were stowed on the aircraft shall be inspected for
damage or contamination.
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8.5 Loading restrictions in passenger cabin or on flight
deck
Dangerous goods shall not be carried in an aircraft cabin
occupied by passengers or on the flight deck of an aircraft,
except in circumstances permitted by the provisions of the
Technical Instructions.
8.6 Removal of contamination
8.6.1 Any hazardous contamination found on an aircraft as a
result of leakage or damage to dangerous goods shall be
removed without delay.
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146
8.6.2 An aircraft which has been contaminated by radioactive
materials shall immediately be taken out of service and not
returned to service until the radiation level at any
accessible surface and the non-fixed contamination are not
more than the values specified in the Technical Instructions.
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8.7 Separation and segregation
8.7.1 Packages containing dangerous goods which might react
dangerously one with another shall not be stowed on an
aircraft next to each other or in a position that would allow
interaction between them in the event of leakage.
8.7.2 Packages of toxic and infectious substances shall be
stowed on an aircraft in accordance with the provisions of
the Technical Instructions.
8.7.3 Packages of radioactive materials shall be stowed on an
aircraft so that they are separated from persons, live animals
and undeveloped film, in accordance with the provisions in the
Technical Instructions.
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8.8 Securing of dangerous goods cargo loads
When dangerous goods subject to the provisions contained
herein are loaded in an aircraft, the operator shall protect the
dangerous goods from being damaged, and shall secure such
goods in the aircraft in such a manner that will prevent any
movement in flight which would change the orientation of the
packages. For packages containing radioactive materials, the
securing shall be adequate to ensure that the separation
requirements of 8.7.3 are met at all times.
8.9 Loading on cargo aircraft
Packages of dangerous goods bearing the ―Cargo aircraft only‖
label shall be loaded in accordance with the provisions in the
Technical Instructions.

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8.9 Inspection after Unloading
1. The operator or GHA shall, after unloading, inspect for signs
of damage or contamination on any part of the aircraft, or
on any sling or other apparatus, which has been used to
suspend goods beneath the aircraft, in which;
a. a unit load device containing dangerous goods was
stowed; or
b. damaged or leaking package of dangerous goods was
loaded, and the operator shall remove or repair any
contamination or damage.

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2. The operator of an aircraft or GHA shall not permit the
aircraft to fly for the purpose of carrying passengers or
cargo if he knows or suspects that radioactive materials
have leaked or otherwise contaminated any part of the
aircraft or any sling or other apparatus attached to the
aircraft.
3. This paragraph is not applicable if the radiation resulting
from the fixed contamination on any accessible surface
and non-fixed contamination are not more than the
relevant values specified in the Technical Instructions or
IATA DG Regulations..

151.
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GACA Approval for the Transportation of Dangerous
Goods by Air.
To obtain the GACA approval for the safe transportation
of dangerous goods by air the applicant shall submit the
GACA Form No. DG - 01; to GACA, ASSD:-

152.
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153.
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154.
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CHAPTER 9
PROVISION OF INFORMATION
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155.
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PROVISION OF INFORMATION
9.1 Information to pilot-in-command
The operator of an aircraft in which dangerous goods are to be
carried shall provide the pilot-in-command as early as
practicable before departure of the aircraft with written
information as specified in the Technical Instructions.
9.2 Information and instructions to flight crew members
The operator shall provide such information in the Operations
Manual as will enable the flight crew to carry out its
responsibilities with regard to the transport of dangerous goods
and shall provide instructions as to the action to be taken in the
event of emergencies arising involving dangerous goods.

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9.3 Information to passengers
Each Contracting State shall ensure that information is
promulgated in such a manner that passengers are warned as to
the types of dangerous goods which they are forbidden from
transporting aboard an aircraft as provided for in the Technical
Instructions.
9.4 Information to other persons
Operators, shippers or other organizations involved in the
transport of dangerous goods by air shall provide such information
to their personnel as will enable them to carry out their
responsibilities with regard to the transport of dangerous goods
and shall provide instructions as to the action to be taken in the
event of emergencies arising involving dangerous goods.

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9.5 Information from pilot-in-command to aerodrome
authorities
If an in-flight emergency occurs, the pilot-in-command shall, as
soon as the situation permits, inform the appropriate air traffic
services unit, for the information of aerodrome authorities, of
any dangerous goods on board the aircraft, as provided for in
the Technical Instructions.

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9.6 Information in the event of an aircraft accident or
incident
9.6.1 In the event of:
 an aircraft accident; or
 a serious incident where dangerous goods carried as cargo may be
involved,
the operator of the aircraft carrying dangerous goods as cargo shall
provide information, without delay, to emergency services
responding to the accident or serious incident about the
dangerous goods on board, as shown on the written information
to the pilot-in-command. As soon as possible, the operator shall
also provide this information to the appropriate authorities of the
State of the Operator and the State in which the accident or
serious incident occurred.

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9.6.2 In the event of an aircraft incident, the operator of an aircraft
carrying dangerous goods as cargo shall, if requested to do
so, provide information without delay to emergency
services responding to the incident and to the appropriate
authority of the State in which the incident occurred, about
the dangerous goods on board, as shown on the written
information to the pilot-in-command.
Note.— The terms ―accident , ―serious incident and‖ ‖
―incident are as defined in Annex 13.‖

160.
160
CHAPTER 10
ESTABLISHMENT OF TRAINING
PROGRAMMES
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ESTABLISHMENT OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES
Dangerous goods training program shall be established and
updated as provided for in the Technical Instructions.

162.
162
CHAPTER 11
COMPLIANCE
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COMPLIANCE
11.1 Inspection systems
Each Contracting State shall establish inspection,
surveillance and enforcement procedures for all entities
performing any function prescribed in its regulations for air
transport of dangerous goods with a view to achieving
compliance with those regulations.

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Note 1.— It is envisaged that these procedures would include
provisions for:
1. inspecting dangerous goods consignments prepared,
offered, accepted or transported by the entities referred to
in 11.1;
2. inspecting the practices of the entities referred to in 11.1;
and
3. investigating alleged violations (see 11.3).
Note 2.— Guidance on dangerous goods inspections and
enforcement may be found in the Supplement to the Technical
Instructions (Part S-5, Chapter 1 and Part S-7, Chapters 5 and 6).

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11.2 Cooperation between States
 Each Contracting State should participate in cooperative
efforts with other States concerning violations of
dangerous goods regulations, with the aim of eliminating
such violations.
 Cooperative efforts could include coordination of
investigations and enforcement actions; exchanging
information on a regulated party’s compliance history; joint
inspections and other technical liaisons, exchange of technical
staff, and joint meetings and conferences.

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 Appropriate information that could be exchanged include
safety alerts,
 bulletins or dangerous goods advisories;
proposed and completed regulatory actions;
 incident `
reports;
documentary and other evidence developed in the
investigation of incidents;
proposed and final enforcement actions; and
educational/outreach materials suitable for public
dissemination. .

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11.3 Penalties
11.3.1 Each Contracting State shall take such measures as it may
deem appropriate to achieve compliance with its dangerous goods
regulations including the prescription of appropriate penalties for
violations.
11.3.2 Recommendation.— Each Contracting State should take
appropriate action to achieve compliance with its dangerous goods
regulations, including the prescription of appropriate penalties for
violations, when information about a violation is received from
another Contracting State, such as when a consignment of
dangerous goods is found not to comply with the
requirements of the Technical Instructions on arrival in a
Contracting State and that State reports the matter to the State
of Origin

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11.4 Dangerous goods by mail
Each Contracting State should establish procedures with a view
to controlling the introduction of dangerous goods into air
transport through its postal services.
Note.— International procedures for controlling the introduction
of dangerous goods into air transport through the postal
services have been established by the Universal Postal Union.

169.
169
CHAPTER 12
DANGEROUS GOODS ACCIDENTAND
INCIDENT REPORTING
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170.
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DANGEROUS GOODS ACCIDENTAND INCIDENT
REPORTING
12.1 With the aim of preventing the recurrence of dangerous
goods accidents and incidents, each Contracting State shall
establish procedures for investigating and compiling
information concerning such accidents and incidents which
occur in its territory and which involve the transport of
dangerous goods originating in or destined for another
State.
Reports on such accidents and incidents shall be made in
accordance with the detailed provisions of the Technical
Instructions.

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12.2 Recommendation.—With the aim of preventing the
recurrence of dangerous goods accidents and incidents,
each Contracting State should establish procedures for
investigating and compiling information concerning such
accidents and incidents which occur in its territory other
than those described in 12.1.
Reports on such accidents and incidents should be made in
accordance with the detailed provisions of the Technical

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12.3 With the aim of preventing the recurrence of instances of
undeclared or misdeclared dangerous goods in cargo, each
Contracting State shall establish procedures for investigating
and compiling information concerning such occurrences which
occur in its territory and which involve the transport of
dangerous goods originating in or destined for another State.
Reports on such instances shall be made in accordance with the
detailed provisions of the Technical Instructions.

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12.4 Recommendation.—With the aim of preventing the
recurrence of instances of undeclared or misdeclared dangerous
goods in cargo, each Contracting State should establish
procedures for investigating and compiling information
concerning such occurrences which occur in its territory other
than those described in 12.3.
Reports on such instances should be made in accordance with
the detailed provisions of the Technical Instructions. al

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175.
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176.
176
CHAPTER 13
DANGEROUS GOODS SECURITY
PROVISIONS
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DANGEROUS GOODS SECURITY PROVISIONS
Each Contracting State shall establish dangerous goods security
measures, applicable to shippers, operators and other
individuals engaged in the transport of dangerous goods by air,
to be taken to minimize theft or misuse of dangerous goods that
may endanger persons, property or the environment.
These measures should be commensurate with security
provisions specified in other Annexes and the Technical
Instructions.

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PROVISIONS fOR
DANGEROUS GOODS
CARRIED bY
PASSENGERS OR CREw
AS PER
INTERNATIONAl AIR
TRANSPORT
ASSOCIATION
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

179.
17905/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
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NO NO NO n/a n/a Disabling devices such as mace, pepper spray, etc. containing an irritant
or incapacitating substance are forbidden on the person, in checked and
carry-on baggage
NO NO NO n/a n/a Electro shock weapons (e.g. Tasers) containing dangerous goods such as
explosives, compressed gases, lithium batteries, etc. are forbidden in
carry-on baggage or checked baggage or on the person
NO NO NO n/a n/a Security-type attaché cases, cash boxes, cash bags, etc. incorporating
dangerous goods, such as lithium batteries and/or pyrotechnic material,
except as provided in 2.3.2.6 are totally forbidden. See entry in 4.2 - List
of Dangerous Goods
Dangerous goods must not be carried in or as passengers or crew,
checked or carry-on baggage, except as otherwise provided below.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

180.
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NO YES NO YES NO Ammunition (cartridges for weapons), securely packaged (in Div. 1.4S,
UN 0012 or UN 0014 only), in quantities not exceeding 5 kg gross weight
per person for that person's own use. Allowances for more than one
person must not be combined into one or more packages
NO YES NO YES NO Battery-powered wheelchairs or other similar mobility devices with
non-spillable wet batteries or with batteries which comply with Special
Provision A123 or A199, (see2.3.2.2).
NO YES NO YES YES Battery-powered wheelchairs or other similar mobility devices with
spillable batteries or with lithium batteries (see 2.3.2.3 and 2.3.2.4 for
details).forbidden. See entry in 4.2 - List of Dangerous Goods
NO YES NO YES YES Battery-powered mobility aids with lithium ion batteries (collapsible),
lithium-ion battery must be removed and carried in the cabin (see
2.3.2.4(d) for details).
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

181.
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NO YES NO YES NO Camping stoves and fuel containers that have contained a flammable
liquid fuel, with empty fuel tank and/or fuel container (see 2.3.2.5 for
details).
NO YES NO YES YES Mercury barometer or thermometer carried by a representative of a
government weather bureau or similar official agency (see 2.3.3.1 for
details.)
NO YES NO YES NO Security-type equipment containing lithium batteries (see 2.3.2.6 for
details).
YES NO YES YES NO Spare lithium batteries. Lithium ion batteries for portable electronic
devices (including medical devices) with a Wh rating exceeding 100 Wh
but not exceeding 160 Wh. For portable medical electronic devices only,
lithium metal batteries with a lithium content exceeding 2 g but not
exceeding 8 g. Maximum of two spare batteries in carry-on baggage
only. These batteries must be individually protected to prevent short
circuits. (see 2.3.3.2)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

182.
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YES YES NO YES NO Avalanche rescue backpack, one (1) per person, containing a cartridge of
compressed gas in Div. 2.2. May also be equipped with a pyrotechnic
trigger mechanism containing less than 200 mg net of Div. 1.4S. The
backpack must be packed in such a manner that it cannot be
accidentally activated. The airbags within the backpacks must be fitted
with pressure relief valves
YES YES NO YES NO Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice), in quantities not exceeding 2.5 kg per
person when used to pack perishables not subject to these Regulations
in checked or carry-on baggage, provided the baggage (package) permits
the release of carbon dioxide gas. Checked baggage must be marked
“dry ice” or “carbon dioxide, solid” and with the net weight of dry ice or
an indication that there is 2.5 kg or less dry ice.
YES YES NO YES NO Chemical Agent Monitoring Equipment, when carried by staff members
of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons on official
travel (see 2.3.4.4).
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

183.
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(GACA)
YES YES NO YES NO Heat producing articles such as underwater torches (diving lamps) and
soldering irons. (See 2.3.4.6 for details.)
YES YES YES YES NO Lithium battery-powered electronic devices. Lithium ion batteries for
portable (including medical) electronic devices, a Wh rating exceeding
100 Wh but not exceeding 160 Wh. For portable medical electronic
devices only, lithium metal batteries with a lithium content exceeding
2 g but not exceeding 8 g.
YES YES YES YES YES Oxygen or air, gaseous, cylinders required for medical use. The cylinder
must not exceed 5 kg gross weight.
Note: Liquid oxygen systems are forbidden for transport.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

184.
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YES TES YES YES NO Small non-flammable gas cartridges, containing carbon dioxide or other
suitable gas in Division 2.2. Up to two (2) small cartridges fitted into a
self-inflating safety device such as a lifejacket or vest. Not more than
one (1) device per passenger, and up to two (2) spare small cartridges
per passenger, not more than four (4) cartridges up to 50 mL water
capacity for other devices (see 2.3.4.2).
YES YES YES NO NO Alcoholic beverages, when in retail packagings, containing more than
24% but not more than 70% alcohol by volume, in receptacles not
exceeding 5 L, with a total net quantity per person of 5 L.
NO YES NO NO NO Aerosols in Division 2.2, with no subsidiary risk, for sporting or home
use.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

185.
18505/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
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YES YES YES NO NO Non-radioactive medicinal or toilet articles (including aerosols) such as
hair sprays, perfumes, colognes and medicines containing alcohol.
The total net quantity of all above mentioned articles must not exceed 2
kg or 2 L, and the net quantity of each single article must not exceed 0.5
kg or 0.5 L. Release valves on aerosols must be protected by a cap or
other suitable means to prevent inadvertent release of the contents.
YES YES YES NO NO Energy efficient lamps when in retail packaging intended for personal or
home use.
YES YES YES NO NO Fuel cells, and spare fuel cartridges powering portable electronic devices
(e.g. cameras,
cellular phones, laptop computers, and camcorders), see 2.3.5.10 for
details
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

186.
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YES YES NO NO NO Hair curlers containing hydrocarbon gas, up to one (1) per passenger or
crew-member, provided that the safety cover is securely fitted over the
heating element. These hair curlers must not be used on board the
aircraft at any time. Gas refills for such curlers are not permitted
in checked or carry-on baggag
YES YES NO NO NO Insulated packagings containing refrigerated liquid nitrogen (dry
shipper), fully absorbed in a porous material containing only non-
dangerous goods.
NO YES NO NO NO Internal combustion or fuel cell engines, must meet A70 (see 2.3.5.15
for details).
YES YES YES NO NO Medical or clinical thermometer, which contains mercury, one (1) per
person for personal use, when in its protective case.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

187.
18705/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
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YES YES YES NO NO Non-flammable, non-toxic gas cylinders worn for the operation of
mechanical limbs. Also, spare cylinders of a similar size if required to
ensure an adequate supply for the duration of the journey.
YES YES NO NO NO Non-infectious specimens packed with small quantities of flammable
liquid, must meet A180 (see 2.3.5.14 for details).
NO YES NO NO NO Permeation devices, must meet A41 (see 2.3.5.16 for details).
YES YES YES NO NO Portable electronic devices (including medical devices) containing
lithium metal or lithium ion cells or batteries, such as watches,
calculating machines, cameras, cellular phones, lap-top computers,
camcorders, etc., when carried by passengers or crew for personal use
(see 2.3.5.9). Batteries must not exceed 2 g for lithium metal batteries
and 100 Wh for lithium ion batteries
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

188.
18805/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
YES NO YES NO NO All spare batteries, including lithium metal or lithium ion cells or
batteries, for such portable electronic devices must be carried in carry-
on baggage only. These batteries must be individually protected to
prevent short circuits
YES YES NO NO NO Portable electronic devices containing non-spillable batteries, batteries
must meet A67 and must be 12 V or less and 100 Wh or less. A
maximum of 2 spare batteries may be carried (see 2.3.5.13 for details).
NO NO YES NO NO Radioisotopic cardiac pacemakers or other devices, including those
powered by lithium batteries, implanted into a person or fitted
externally, or radiopharmaceuticals contained within the body of a
person as the result of medical treatment.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

189.
18905/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
NO NO YES NO NO Safety matches (one small packet) or a small cigarette lighter that does
not contain unabsorbed liquid fuel, other than liquefied gas, intended
for use by an individual when carried on the person. Lighter fuel and
lighter refills are not permitted on one's person or in checked or
carry-on baggage.
Note: “Strike anywhere” matches, “Blue flame” or “Cigar” lighters are
forbidden.
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

190.
19005/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
UN APPROVED PACkAGES AND
SPECIfICATION MARkS
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

191.
191
Introduction
 Packages and containers for dangerous goods must
pass rigorous performance testing prior to use and
bear UN specification marks.
 Such packages are called UN approved
packages or UN certified packages.
 There will be UN specification markings on UN
certified packages (starting with UN)
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

192.
19205/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

193.
19305/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
UN Specification Marks for Solids
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

194.
19405/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
UN Specification Marks for Liquids
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

195.
19505/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
UN Specification Marks
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

196.
196
Packing Groups
 The UN assigns a packing group classifying the regulated
material further by the amount of risk each material poses
during transportation.
 Packing Group I – Greatest Danger
Destroy skin tissues in less than 03 minutes
 Packing Group II – Medium Danger
Destroy skin tissues in more than 03 minutes and less
than 60 minutes
 Packing Group III – Lowest Danger
Destroy skin tissues in more than 60 minutes and less
than 04 hours
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

197.
197
Packing Groups
 Packing Group I – Greatest Danger
 Shown as X in the UN marking on the package.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

198.
198
Packing Groups
 Packing Group II – Medium Danger
 Shown as Y in the UN marking on the package.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

199.
199
Packing Groups
 Packing Group III – Lowest Danger
 Shown as Z in the UN marking on the package.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

200.
200
REqUIREMENT fOR DANGEROUS
GOODS AS AIR CARGO
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

201.
201
REqUIREMENT
1. Correct packaging
2. Marking and labeling
3. Shippers declaration
4. Notification to the Commander (NOTOC)
5. Proper loading
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

202.
202
MATERIAl SAfETY DATA
SHEET (MSDS)— 16
SECTIONS
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

203.
203
What is MSDS certificate?
A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that
contains information on the potential health effects of
exposure to chemicals, or other potentially dangerous
substances, and on safe working procedures when handling
chemical products.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

204.
212
Safety Rules
 PROTECT YOURSELF, OTHERS AND FLIGHT SAFETY..
 Read Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 Follow material and aircraft manufacturers handling,
shipping and maintenance instructions
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

205.
213
RElATED ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTSRElATED ACCIDENTS AND INCIDENTS
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

206.
214
ValuJet 592 crash in 1996
• Company materials (COMAT) that are replacements (not
installed on the aircraft), are typically transported in cargo
compartments. The presence of undeclared and improperly
packaged COMAT (unspent and uncapped oxygen
generators) is believed to be the cause of the ValuJet 592
crash in 1996.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

207.
215
ValuJet 592 crash in 1996
CAUSE: accidental activation of improperly shipped and
expired chemical oxygen generators. 105 passengers and
5 crew members lost their lives.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

208.
216
CHEMICAL SPILLS- MAS A330 WRITE-OFF
 On March 15, 2000 after PEK-KUL flight, baggage handlersOn March 15, 2000 after PEK-KUL flight, baggage handlers
were unloading 80 canisters weighing 2,000kg when theywere unloading 80 canisters weighing 2,000kg when they
were hit by strong toxic fumes. A check by airport fire andwere hit by strong toxic fumes. A check by airport fire and
rescue personnel revealed the canisters contained arescue personnel revealed the canisters contained a
chemical, which is used for rust-proofingchemical, which is used for rust-proofing
 Several canisters had leaked, causing severe damage to the
aircraft fuselage. The aircraft was considered damaged
beyond repair after being parked for a year at KUL.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

209.
217
CHEMICAL SPILLS- MAS A330 WRITE-OFF
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

210.
218
MAS A330 Damage sequence
• The chemical wasThe chemical was HYDROXIL QUINOLINEHYDROXIL QUINOLINE. It was improperly. It was improperly
packed and wrongfully declared by the agent in China.packed and wrongfully declared by the agent in China.
Shipment was for India. Spillage was in the forward cargoShipment was for India. Spillage was in the forward cargo
compartment, which severely damaged the area andcompartment, which severely damaged the area and
contents.contents.
• Also affected were the engines. When the cargo doors wereAlso affected were the engines. When the cargo doors were
opened, the wind milling engines sucked in chemical fumes.opened, the wind milling engines sucked in chemical fumes.
The fumes damaged the engines and pneumatic ductsThe fumes damaged the engines and pneumatic ducts
including those of the air conditioning system.including those of the air conditioning system.
05/03/17 General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

211.
21905/03/17 Gen ral Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)
qUESTIONS???
TRANSPORTATION Of
DANGEROUS GOODS (TDG)

212.
22005/03/17
AlEHTIRAf EDUCATION AND TRAINING
COMPANY( AETC)
General Authority of Civil Aviation
(GACA)