1. Transcript
 1. A Seminar…
 4. What is Remote Sensing? Remote sensing is a method of obtaining information about
the properties of an objectwithout coming into physical contactwith it.
 5. Remote Sensing is a technology for sampling electromagnetic radiation to acquire and
interpret non-immediate geospatial data from whichto extract information about
features and objects on the Earth's land surface, oceans, and atmosphere - Dr. Nicholas
Short 5
 6. Remote Sensing   RS System capture radiation in differentwavelength reflected/
emitted by the earth’s surface features and recorded it either directly on the film as in
case of aerial photography or in digital medium used for generating the images RS
provides valuable data over vast area in a short time about resources, meteorology and
environment leading to better resource management and accelerating national
development 6
 7. Advantages of remote sensing :
Provides a regional view (large areas) Provides repetitive looks at the same area Remote
sensors "see" overa broader portion of the spectrum than the human eye Sensors can focusin
on a very specific bandwidth in an image or a number of bandwidths simultaneously Provides
geo-referenced, digital, data Some remote sensors operate in all seasons, at night, and in bad
weather
 8. Ashwathy Babu Paul8
 9. Elements involvedin Remote sensing 1. Energy Source or Illumination (A) 2.
Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) 3. Interaction with the Object (C) 4. Recording of
Energy by the Sensor (D)5. Transmission, Reception and Processing (E) 6.
Interpretation and Analysis (F) 7. Application (G) 9
 10. Sensors Passive sensors •Landsat •ASTER•Quickbard•IkonosActive Sensors
•LIDAR•RADAR 11
 11. Ashwathy Babu Paul 15
 12. Why use Satellites to Study the Earth?  Consistent, routine, global measurements 
Overview of information on the hemispheric, regional, national, and local scales – the
“big picture”  Provideinformation in areas where there are no ground-based
measurements  Advance warning of impending environmental events and disasters 
Visual appeal: a picture is wortha thousand words
 13. Satellites Providea Global View Satellite data are used for many applications,
including monitoring global weather, studying climate change, and observing the
environment.
 14. A Pictureis Worth a Thousand Words! Satellites provide consistent, routine, global
coverage of environmental events
 15. Satellite Images • • • • • • • • Advantages Covers large areas Cost effectiveTime
efficientMulti-temporal Multi-sensor Multi-spectral Overcomes inaccessibility Faster

2. extraction of GISready data • • • • Disadvantages Needs ground verificationDoesn’t offer
details Not the best tool forsmall areas Needs expert system to extract data 19
 16. Application of Remote sensing 20
 17. Application of Remote sensing  Urbanization & Transportation  Updating road
maps  Asphalt conditions  Wetland delineation  Urban Planning  Agriculture 
Crop health analysis  Precisionagriculture  Compliance mapping  Yield estimation
 Forest application 21
 18. Application of Remote sensing  Natural Resource Management Habitat analysis
Environmental assessment Pest/disease outbreaks Impervious surface mapping
Lake monitoring Hydrology Landuse-Landcover monitoring Mineral province
Geomorphology Geology 22
 19. Application of Remote sensing • National Security -Targeting -Disaster mapping and
monitoring -Damage assessment -Weapons monitoring -Homeland security -Navigation
-Policy -Telecommunicationplanning -Coastal mapping 23
 20. Science Of Geology
 21. Meteorological Application
 22. Medical Applications of Remote Sensing
 23. Exploration Of Terrestrial Bodies
 24. Astronomy & Cosmology Applications
 25. Remote sensing basic processes      Data acquisition (energy propagation,
platforms) Processing (conversionof energy pattern to images) Analysis (quantitative
and qualitative analysis) Accuracy assessment (radiometric and geometric correction)
Information distribution to users (hard copy,CCT, CD-ROM, X-BYTE)
 26. Types of Satellites 38
 27. Geostationary Satellites • In high altitude orbit (~35,800 km) • Orbital period of
satellite matches rotational speed of Earth • Continuously observe same area on Earth •
Very high temporal resolution (minutes – hours) • Usually used to monitor
meteorological conditions and severe storm development, including hurricanes,
tornadoes, and floods
 28. Polar-Orbiting Satellites • In low altitude orbit (~700-800 km) • Orbit around North
and South Poles • Earth rotates under satellite as it orbits, so each time satellite makes a
pass over Earth, it observes a new area • Polar-orbiting satellites observe same area on
Earth once per day (or less) • Low temporal resolution • Global coverage! • Used fora
variety of applications, including air quality, land cover,water quality, and vegetation
studies
 29. How Do Satellites Make Measurements?  Satellites do not make direct
measurements of the Earth’s geophysical parameters.  Instead, satellites measure solar
and/or terrestrial radiance (light) in a vertical column of the atmosphere.  Radiance
data are converted into geophysical parameters using science-based algorithms.

3.  30. Remote Sensing : Challenges Satellites are very expensive to build and launch.  No
direct measurements – radiance (light) measurements must be convertedto geophysical
parameters, such as temperature or pollutant concentration.  Tradeoffs between
spatial and temporal resolution. 
 31. Conclusion 43
 32. Conclusion  Radars, Laser Range finders, UAVbased Reconnaissance and Satellite
Imagery are widely used in Defense forces Advantages of Remote Sensing far
outweigh the challenges 44
 33. Thank youfor yourkind attention!!! 45
 34. History of remote sensing  1783: The Marquis d’Arlandes and Pilatre made a
voyagenear Paris using a balloon. Photography using balloon, pigeon 1860: Aerial
photos in Russia and the USA 1914-19: The first World War and the second WorldWar
(1939-45) had seen tremendous development in photography 1927: Robert Goddard
launched the first liquid-fueled rocket.1955: Workbegan on the Baikonur launch site in
central Asia. 1957: Sputnik 1 launched from Baikonur (first satellite) 1961: Yuri Gagarin
launched in the Vostok 1 capsule, becoming the first human in space. 1969: Neil
Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walkon the Moon. 1971: The
first Space Station in history, the Russian Salyut 1 1972: (USLandsat1) the conceptof
imaging from satellites is introduced 1986: France launched the first stereo-image
satellite (SPOT1)1992: The space year (the maturity of remote sensing - 20 years of
operation) 1995 The Shuttle-Mir Program (1st phase of the International Space Station
(ISS).  2000 The first 3 astronauts (2 Russian and one American) start to live in the  
           ISS