IT IS UPLOADED TO HELP NURSING AND PARAMEDICS EDUCATOR TO TEACH THEIR STUDENTS REGARDING NEW BORN CARE. IT ALSO HELPS TO CREATE AWARENESS AMONG GENERAL PUBLIC ABOUT THE NEW BORN CARE.

1. CARE OF NORMAL NEW BORN BABYCARE OF NORMAL NEW BORN BABY
UNIT-IIIUNIT-III
SUBJECT:SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSINGCHILD HEALTH NURSING
PREPARED BY:PREPARED BY:
SANJAY SIRSANJAY SIR
LECTURERLECTURER
CONCON
SURATSURAT
INDIAINDIA

5. SUCTIONING: AS SOON AS POSSIBLE THE INFANT IS PROPERLY
POSITION. HE OR SHE SHOULD BE SUCTIONED .

10. Newborn DeathsNewborn Deaths
 8.1 million infant8.1 million infant
deaths (1993)deaths (1993)
 3.9 million (48%)3.9 million (48%)
newborn deathsnewborn deaths
 2.8 million (67%) early2.8 million (67%) early
newborn deathsnewborn deaths
 Major causes ofMajor causes of
newborn deathsnewborn deaths
• Birth asphyxia: 21%Birth asphyxia: 21%
• Infections: 42%Infections: 42%
(tetanus, sepsis,(tetanus, sepsis,
meningitis,meningitis,
pneumonia,pneumonia,
diarrhea)diarrhea)

11. Newborn Deaths (continuedNewborn Deaths (continued))
• Birth process was the antecedent cause of 2/3Birth process was the antecedent cause of 2/3
of deaths due to infectionsof deaths due to infections
 Lack of hygiene at childbirth and duringLack of hygiene at childbirth and during
newborn periodnewborn period
 Home deliveries without skilled birthHome deliveries without skilled birth
attendantsattendants
 Birth asphyxia in developing countriesBirth asphyxia in developing countries
• 3% of newborns suffer mild to moderate birth3% of newborns suffer mild to moderate birth
asphyxiaasphyxia
• Prompt resuscitation is often not initiated orPrompt resuscitation is often not initiated or
procedure is inadequate or incorrectprocedure is inadequate or incorrect

12. Newborn Deaths (continued)Newborn Deaths (continued)
 Hypothermia and newborn deathsHypothermia and newborn deaths
• Significant contribution to deaths in lowSignificant contribution to deaths in low
birth weight infants and pretermbirth weight infants and preterm
newbornsnewborns
• Social, cultural and health practicesSocial, cultural and health practices
delaying care to the newborndelaying care to the newborn
 Countries with high STD prevalence andCountries with high STD prevalence and
inconsistent prophylactic practicesinconsistent prophylactic practices
• Ophthalmia neonatorum is a commonOphthalmia neonatorum is a common
cause of blindnesscause of blindness

13. Newborn Deaths (continuedNewborn Deaths (continued))
 Low birth weightLow birth weight
• An extremely important factor in newbornAn extremely important factor in newborn
mortalitymortality
 Place of childbirthPlace of childbirth
• At least 2 out 3 childbirths in developingAt least 2 out 3 childbirths in developing
countries occur at homecountries occur at home
• Only half are attended by skilled birthOnly half are attended by skilled birth
attendantsattendants
• Strategies for improving newborn health shouldStrategies for improving newborn health should
targettarget
 Birth attendant, families and communitiesBirth attendant, families and communities
 Healthcare providers within the formalHealthcare providers within the formal
health systemhealth system

14. Principle of care at birthPrinciple of care at birth
 Establishment of respirationEstablishment of respiration
 Prevention of hypothermiaPrevention of hypothermia
 Establishment of breastfeedingEstablishment of breastfeeding
 Prevention of infectionPrevention of infection
 Identification of at risk neonatesIdentification of at risk neonates

15. CARE OF NORMAL NEW BORNCARE OF NORMAL NEW BORN
 Preparation before deliveryPreparation before delivery
 Immediate care at and after birthImmediate care at and after birth
 Essential postnatal careEssential postnatal care

16. Contents of clean delivery kitContents of clean delivery kit
(at home)(at home)
 Soap for washing handsSoap for washing hands
 2 to 3 sterilized cord ties2 to 3 sterilized cord ties
 A new clean blade/boiled homeA new clean blade/boiled home
instrument to cut cordinstrument to cut cord
 Clean sun dried cloth sheet,smallClean sun dried cloth sheet,small
gauge padsgauge pads
 A clean plastic envelope/cloth toA clean plastic envelope/cloth to
keep the kit inkeep the kit in

17. ““six cleans ’to prevent infectionsix cleans ’to prevent infection
 Clean handsClean hands
 Clean cord tie /blade/sterilized clampClean cord tie /blade/sterilized clamp
 Clean cordClean cord
 Clean surfaceClean surface
 Clean clothes for babyClean clothes for baby
 Clean clothes for motherClean clothes for mother

18. Physical facilities for resuscitationPhysical facilities for resuscitation
(at hospital)(at hospital)
 Resuscitation corner with warmerResuscitation corner with warmer
 Contents of resuscitation kitContents of resuscitation kit
suction catheter 10 Fr, De Leesuction catheter 10 Fr, De Lee
trap,suction machine.trap,suction machine.
resuscitation bag and masksresuscitation bag and masks
infant laryngoscope with bladesinfant laryngoscope with blades

19. Physical facilities for resucitationPhysical facilities for resucitation
(at hospital)(at hospital)
 Endotracheal tubes (2.5,3.0,4.0 mm)Endotracheal tubes (2.5,3.0,4.0 mm)
 Medication –epinephrine, naloxone ,Medication –epinephrine, naloxone ,
normal saline, sodium bicarbonate.normal saline, sodium bicarbonate.
 Plenty of disposables.Plenty of disposables.

20. IMMEDIATE CARE AFTER BIRTHIMMEDIATE CARE AFTER BIRTH
 Ensure warmth & Prevent hypothermiaEnsure warmth & Prevent hypothermia
 Establish & maintain respirationEstablish & maintain respiration
 Be gentle & prevent infectionBe gentle & prevent infection
 Care of Eye, skin,Care of Eye, skin,
 Care of the umbilical cordCare of the umbilical cord
 Breast feed within 1/2hr.of birthBreast feed within 1/2hr.of birth
 Search/ screening /observation &Search/ screening /observation &
documentation for malformationsdocumentation for malformations
 Make identification & transferMake identification & transfer

27. INCREASED RISK OFINCREASED RISK OF
MALFORMATIONMALFORMATION
 Single umbilical arterySingle umbilical artery

Simian creaseSimian crease:: Simian crease is a single line that runsSimian crease is a single line that runs
across the palm of the hand. People usually have 3 creasesacross the palm of the hand. People usually have 3 creases
in their palms.in their palms. The crease is usually just referred to as aThe crease is usually just referred to as a
single palmer crease. Sometimes it associated with varioussingle palmer crease. Sometimes it associated with various
conditions that affect a person's mental and physicalconditions that affect a person's mental and physical
growth.growth.
 Dimorphic featuresDimorphic features
 Asymmetric cryAsymmetric cry
 Excessive drooling of salivaExcessive drooling of saliva

29. QUICK SCREENING FORQUICK SCREENING FOR
MALFORMATIONMALFORMATION
 Screen from top to bottom and in midlineScreen from top to bottom and in midline
 Orifice examinationOrifice examination
 -anal opening-anal opening
 -oesophagus patency*-oesophagus patency*
 -choanal-choanal Atresia:Atresia: Choanal atresia is a congenitalChoanal atresia is a congenital
disorder where the back of the nasal passage (choana) isdisorder where the back of the nasal passage (choana) is
blockedblocked..
 *SFD baby, Polyhydromnios, Excessive*SFD baby, Polyhydromnios, Excessive
drooling, Single umbilical artery.drooling, Single umbilical artery.

30. ESSENTIAL POST NATAL CAREESSENTIAL POST NATAL CARE
 Nurse in thermal comfortNurse in thermal comfort
 (Warm to touch, pink soles)(Warm to touch, pink soles)
 Check umbilicus, skin,eyesCheck umbilicus, skin,eyes
 Good suckling at breastGood suckling at breast
 Screen for danger signalsScreen for danger signals
 Advice on immunization .Advice on immunization .

31. CARE OF UMBILICAL STUMPCARE OF UMBILICAL STUMP
 Inspect 2 to 4 hrs after ligation forInspect 2 to 4 hrs after ligation for
bleedingbleeding
 Don’t apply anything, keep cordDon’t apply anything, keep cord
clean and dryclean and dry
 Inspect for discharge or infection tillInspect for discharge or infection till
healing occurs.healing occurs.

32. CARE OF THE SKINCARE OF THE SKIN
 Bathing soon after birth is notBathing soon after birth is not
recommendedrecommended
 Don’t make vigorous attempts toDon’t make vigorous attempts to
remove vernix caseosaremove vernix caseosa
 Bring superficial infections to theBring superficial infections to the
notice of the doctornotice of the doctor

33. CARE OF THE EYESCARE OF THE EYES
 Clean at birth and subsequently dailyClean at birth and subsequently daily
 No kajal applicationNo kajal application
 For sticky eyes use normal saline orFor sticky eyes use normal saline or
10%sulfacetamide10%sulfacetamide
 Nasolacrimal duct blocakgeNasolacrimal duct blocakge
-massaging helps.-massaging helps.

34. WEIGHT CHANGE PATTERN INWEIGHT CHANGE PATTERN IN
TERM BABYTERM BABY
 May loss up to 5-7%during first 3-5May loss up to 5-7%during first 3-5
daysdays
 Regains birth weight by 7-10 daysRegains birth weight by 7-10 days
 Gains 30g/day 1Gains 30g/day 1stst
monthmonth

35. DANGER SIGNSDANGER SIGNS
 LethargyLethargy
 HypothermiaHypothermia
 Respi.distressRespi.distress
 CyanosisCyanosis
 ConvulsionsConvulsions
 Abd distensionAbd distension
 Bleeding yellow palms/soleBleeding yellow palms/sole
 Excessive wt lossExcessive wt loss
 VomittingVomitting
 diarrhoeadiarrhoea

36. IMMUNIZATIONIMMUNIZATION
AGEAGE VACCINEVACCINE OPTIONALOPTIONAL
0-7DAYS0-7DAYS BCG,OPVBCG,OPV HBHB
6 WEEKS6 WEEKS OPV,DPTOPV,DPT HBHB
10WEEKS10WEEKS OPV,DPTOPV,DPT
14WEEKS14WEEKS
06MONTHS06MONTHS HBHB
09MONTHS09MONTHS MEASLESMEASLES
15MONTHS15MONTHS MMRMMR
18MONTHS18MONTHS OPV,DPTOPV,DPT
SCHOOLSCHOOL
ENTRYENTRY
OPV,DTOPV,DT

37. FOLLOW UP VISIT - OBJECTIVESFOLLOW UP VISIT - OBJECTIVES
 Assess growth and developmentAssess growth and development
 Early diagnosis and m/t of illnessEarly diagnosis and m/t of illness
 Health educationHealth education
 exclusive breast feeding 6 monthsexclusive breast feeding 6 months
 adequate weaning after 6 monthsadequate weaning after 6 months
 spacing of familyspacing of family

38. HOME MESSAGES FOR CAREHOME MESSAGES FOR CARE
OF NORMAL NEONATESOF NORMAL NEONATES
 Protect from cold/heatProtect from cold/heat
 Keep umbilical stump clean and dryKeep umbilical stump clean and dry
 Don’t apply anything on cordDon’t apply anything on cord
 No application in eyesNo application in eyes
 Exclusive breast feeding day andExclusive breast feeding day and
nightnight

39. TH
AN
K
U
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