4. If a women gets infected by Rubella in the 1st
Trimester of her pregnancy, it results in birth of a
malformed or abnormal baby
This is known as Congenital Rubella Syndrome
(CRS)
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
6. • Child is born with the abnormalities since birth
• Has to suffer through out its life, becomes dependent
on others even for the day to day activities
• Childs life becomes dependent on others
• Hence, not just the child, but the entire family suffers
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
contd.
7. 1st Trimester infection results in spontaneous
abortion or birth of a malformed baby
High risk
Upto 90% chance of giving birth to a baby with CRS or
her baby may not survive
Maternal Rubella infection
9. No matter how different they are …
… Rubella is their common enemy
10. Suspected CRS:
A child <1 year with
• maternal history of rubella in pregnancy
and/or
• heart disease, or deafness, or eye signs:
white pupil (cataract); diminished vision;
pendular eye movement (nystagmus); squint;
smaller eye ball (micropthalmos);larger eye ball
(congenital glaucoma)
CRS Congenital Rubella Syndrome
definitions (1)
11. Clinically confirmed CRS:
A child <1 year with two complications in group (a) or
one from (a) and one from (b)
(a) cataract(s), congenital glaucoma, congenital heart
disease, loss of hearing, pigmentary retinopathy
(b) purpura, splenomegaly, microcephaly, mental
retardation, meningoencephalitis, radiolucent bone
disease, jaundice with onset within 24 hours after
birth.
CRS Congenital Rubella Syndrome
definitions (2)
12. Laboratory-confirmed CRS:
An infant with a positive blood test for rubella-
specific IgM and clinically-confirmed CRS
Congenital rubella infection (CRI):
An infant with a positive blood test for rubella-
specific IgM who does not have clinically-confirmed
CRS
CRS Congenital Rubella Syndrome
definitions (3)
13. • During 2012 World Health Assembly, 194 countries
adopted the Global Vaccine Action Plan committing
rubella elimination in two WHO regions by end of
2015, and elimination of both measles and rubella
in five WHO regions by end of 2020
• Eliminating measles and rubella requires reaching
every child to protect them against both diseases,
including the poor and marginalized
World Scenario
Measles & Rubella initiative MRI-Factsheet_Updated-July-2014
14. Countries using rubella vaccine in the
national immunization system
• Till 1996 there were 83 countries
15. Countries using rubella vaccine in the
national immunization system contd.
• In 2011 there were 141 countries
