This document outlines the objectives and importance of interprofessional education and collaborative practice. It discusses 4 learning objectives: teamwork and collaboration, cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, and health literacy/communication. Interprofessional education aims to improve collaboration and quality of care by different professions learning from and with each other. The document emphasizes the importance of interprofessional skills to understand roles, implement teamwork, and center care around the patient. It provides examples of settings that can benefit from interprofessional education like emergency care.

1. Learning About from and With
Each Other
February 12, 2014

2. CHANNELS Project: Learning Objectives
1. TEAMWORK & COLLABORATIVE PRACTICE
Promote positive teamwork skills (TeamSTEPPS)
Understand roles & responsibilities of team members
2. CULTURAL AWARENESS & IDENTITY
Impact of assumptions, beliefs & biases
Awareness of power inequities and disparities
3. CULTURAL KNOWLEDGE
Awareness of culturally appropriate resources & skills
Knowledge that one is not an expert in another culture
4. HEALTH LITERACY & COMMUNICATION
Use of active listening & linguistically appropriate resources
Integration of CHOWs as critical team members

3. Definitions
Interprofessional Education occurs when two
or more professions learn about, from and
with each other to improve collaboration and
the quality of care.
Collaborative Practice promotes the active
participation of relevant cross-disciplinary
professions in patient-centered care.

4. Function
Interprofessional knowledge and skills promote capacities to
understand the roles of other health providers and implement
the workings of teams - regardless of team make-up - with the
person’s best interests at the center of care.
Mental Health Settings
Emergency Care
Community Health
Environments
Operating Theater

5. WHY IPE IS IMPORTANT?
To advance the
Triple Aim of
improving
population health,
enhancing patient
quality care and
controlling costs
To close the gap
between health
education and
practice settings by
aligning their
needs and
interests

6. Institute of Medicine
http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/education/cur
riculumtools/teamstepps/instructor/videos/ts_Sue_Sheri
dan/Sue_Sheridan-400-300.html
The Institute of Medicine’s
(IOM) seminal study of
preventable medical errors
estimated as many as
98,000 people die every
year at a cost of $29 billion.
If the Centers for Disease
Control were to include
preventable medical errors
as a category, these
conclusions would make it
the sixth leading cause of
death in America.
Deaths/Mortality, 2005, National Center for Health Care
Statistics at the Centers for Disease Control, viewed
at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm.

7. IPE – Guiding Principles
 Values/Ethics for Interprofessional
Practice
 Roles/Responsibilities for
Collaborative Practice
 Interprofessional Communication
 Interprofessional Teamwork and
Team-based Care
 Collaborative Leadership
 Patient-Centeredness

8. Values & Ethics
• Patients and
populations are at
the center
• Cultural and
individual diversity
is acknowledged
and honored
• Expertise of other
health professions
is known and
respected

9. IOM 6 Aims for Improving Health Care
• Safety: avoid injuries to patients from the care that is
intended to help them
• Effective use of scientific evidence to serve all patients
• Patient-centered care that is respectful of and
responsive to patient preferences, needs and values,
and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical
decisions
• Timeliness and reduction of potentially harmful delays
• Efficiency and avoidance of waste of equipment,
supplies, and human resources
• Equitable care that does not vary in quality because of
person characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity,
geographic location and socioeconomic status

10. NASW Ethics
• Service aimed to help people in need and address social
problems
• Competent use of best knowledge and skills for within
scope of practice
• Dignity and worth of the person aimed at client selfdetermination and empowerment
• Integrity to act honestly and effectively according to the
mission and values of the profession
• Importance of human relationship that makes effective
and efficient use of engagement in the helping process
• Social Justice focused on equitable access and quality of
service for all people regardless of age, gender, race,
ethnicity, and socioeconomics

11. Patient-centeredness
• Invite patients into
healthcare decisionmaking
• Provide information &
context to empower
patients
Providers
• Disseminate information
to inform individuals,
families & populations
• Advocate for quality
primary prevention &
meeting the needs of the
underserved
Public
Health
ATTITIDES
Respect for patient knowledge
Value patient as team member
Trust in each other & the team
Trust in system of care
• Capacity to think
critically & have
perspectives honored
• Make informed decisions
with health team
Patients
ACTIONS
Invite patient into care communication
Facilitate empowering practice
Communicate openly; Listen actively
Respond effectively
Evaluate efficacy

12. Roles & Responsibilities
• Communicate roles and
responsibilities
• Engage diverse healthcare
professionals in healthcare
development to meet
patients’ needs
• Optimize complementary
abilities of all team members
to patient care

13. CHOWs: Community Health Outreach Workers
Community health outreach workers
(CHOWs)
•Deliver health care services to
underserved populations
•Are trusted members of their
communities
•Provide vital links between health
systems and communities.1
http://www.maine.gov/dhhs/oma/MulticulturalResource/health.html
1 Whitley et al (2006). Measuring return on investment of outreach by community
health workers. J of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 17, 6-15.
CHOW Roles & responsibilities
• Offer culturally/linguistically
relevant health education
•Mediate between community
members and services providers
•Provide case management and
systems navigation
• Offer medical interpretation
•Assist with health insurance
enrollment
•Provide community-based health
promotion & prevention activities
•Conduct surveys, collect community
and health related data
•Contribute information on
community needs and
•needed resources.

14. Communication
• Communicate respectfully
and appropriately in all
situations
• Listen actively
• Encourage ideas and
opinions of all team
members
• Recognize differences in
experience, expertise,
culture, and status that may
affect communication
• Facilitate conflict resolution
to enhance interprofessional
working relationships

15. Collaborative Leadership
• Value contributions of all
health team and
family/community members
• Facilitate contributions of
all team members
• Build support for working
together
• Apply leadership practices
that support collaborative
and effective team practice

16. Teams & Teamwork
• Collaborate to deliver
patient-centered,
community-based
care
• Develop shared
principles of care
• Integrate knowledge
and experience of
other professions to
inform care decisions
• Respect patients’
perspectives and
community values
that inform care
preferences

17. TeamSTEPPS Skills
SHARED VISION & PHILOSOPHY
• SHARED MENTAL MODEL
COMMUNICATION
• SBAR
• TEAM SKILLS: BRIEF, HUDDLE, DEBRIEF
• CUS
• TEACHBACK (HEALTH LITERACY TOOL)
• CHECKBACK

18. Shared Mental Model
The perception of, understanding of, or
knowledge about a situation or process that is
shared among team members through
communication.
"Teams that perform well hold shared mental models."
(Rouse, Cannon-Bowers, and Salas 1992)

19. SBAR
Introduce
Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation

20. Brief
Huddle Debrief
Communicate clearly
about event
Who is on the team?
Agree on Goals
Problem-solving
Go over details
Roles &
Responsibilities
Understood
Review situation
Discuss new &
emerging events
Were roles &
responsibilities
understood?
Plan of Care
What went well
Availability
Anticipate outcomes &
possibilities
What should change
Access
Assign resources
Can we improve?
Resources
Express Concerns

21. Continuous Communication
CUS
• I am Concerned
• I am Uncomfortable
• There is a Safety issue
Teachback
• Confirmation of
understanding
• Opportunity to correct
miscommunication
• Comprehensive:“Tell me in
your own words…”

22. Checkback
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKtNLP8jQ7s

23. CASE EXAMPLE
What are the risks in this scenario?
• What communication was missed?
• How would an interpreter or community
health worker improve safety, quality and
outcome?
• Describe an alternative scenario.

24. Interprofessional Collaborative
Practice
“Health care delivered by well-functioning
coordinated teams leads to better patient and
family outcomes, more efficient health care
services, and higher levels of satisfaction among
health care providers. We all share the vision of
a U.S. health care system that engages patients,
families, and communities in collaborative,
team-based care.”
Dr. Mary K. Wakefield, HRSA

25. WHY IT MATTERS