Gout is a type of arthritis caused by uric acid crystals accumulating in the joints. It usually affects the big toe but can impact other joints as well. Treatment for gout involves medications to relieve pain and swelling during attacks and prevent future attacks. Common drugs used include colchicine, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and allopurinol. Colchicine is particularly effective for treating acute gout flares and preventing recurrent attacks by reducing inflammation and inhibiting uric acid crystal deposition. However, it can cause side effects like gastrointestinal upset if taken in high doses or for a long period of time.