1. TYRE TYPES

2. Tyre cross-section

4. Tyre cross-section

5. Tire Cutaway

6. Types of Tyres

7. Types of tyres
Conventional tubed tyre.
Tubeless tyre.

8. Tubed tyre

9. Tubeless tyre

10. Advantages of tubeless tyres
Lesser unsprung weight.
Better cooling.
Lesser rolling resistance.
Comfortable ride.
Slower leakage of air.
Simpler assembly.
Improved safety.

11. Tyre Construction
OR
Types of carcass(Tread)

12. Types of carcass(Tread)
OR
Tyre Construction
Cross ply (or) bias ply type.
Radial ply type.
Belted bias ply type.

13. Cross ply (or) bias ply type.

14. Cross ply (or) bias ply type.

15. Cross – ply
• the construction details are useful to show
how tyre technology has developed.
• Several textile plies are laid across each
other, running from bead to bead in
alternate directions.
• The number of plies depends on the size of
the tyre and the load it has to carry.
• The same number of plies is used on the
crown and the sidewalls.

16. Radial ply type

17. Radial ply type.

18. Radial – Ply
• Radial – Ply tyres consist of a carcass ply
formed by textile arcs running from one
bead to the other.
• Each ply which is laid in an arc at an angle
of 90 degrees to the direction the tyre
rolls.
• At the top of the tyre crown (under the
tread), there is a belt made up of several
plies reinforced with metal wire, laid on
top of the carcass ply.
• These crown plies, laid one on top of the
other, overlap at an angle determined by
the type of the tyre.

19. • Remember the tyre tread depth must be not less than 1.6mm over the central
three-quarters of the tyre and must go all the way round the circumference in
an continuous unbroken band with no bald patches anywhere on the tyre tread.
• If radial and cross-ply tyres are fitted to the same vehicle, the radial-ply tyres
must only be fitted to the rear.
• Cross-ply and radial ply tyres must never be fitted to the same axle.
• Tyre pressures must be set to the manufactures recommendations.
• The tread and side wall must be free from large cuts, abrasions or bubbles

20. Belted bias ply type

22. Comparison of radial and Cross-ply Tyres
Advantages of radial ply Tyres:-
 The side walls can be bend readily ,its shock absorbing
capacity is 25% more than bias ply or cross ply.
 The breaker strips of radial Tyres act independently of
the wall plies unlike in cross ply where there is no
breaker strip.
 Lower rolling resistance and hysteresis loss leads to less
fuel consumption.

23.  Longer tread life because of less heat build in Tyre.
 Breaking efficiency on wet roads is better because of
greater sidewall flexibility and tread stiffness.
 Smaller slip angles and higher cornering power which
results in Better steering characteristics.
 While taking turns it has less tendency to distort and lift
off the road from one side.
 Larger resistance to punctures ,cuts and impacts in the
tread area.