Classification of Hotel

CLASSIFICATION
OF HOTEL
SASIKUMAR
NATARAJAN
SASIKUMAR NATARJAN - EDUCATIONALIST & HOSPITALITY TRAINER 1

CLASSIFICATION
OF HOTELS
BASED ON STAR
Department of Tourism, Government of India classifies hotels under
the star system in our country. There is a committee known as Hotels
and Restaurants Approval and Classification Committee (HRACC)
which is headed by D.G. Tourism. It comprises representatives from
the Hotel Industry, Travel Agents Association of India, Department of
Tourism Ministry & the Principal of Regional Institute Of Hotel
Management.
In the * Rating, 1* is the min rating and 5* deluxe is the max. rating.
5* deluxe is considered to be equivalent to 1st Class hotel by
international standard. Once the hotel gets standard classification
from HRACC they become eligible for various benefits and relief from
the Government of India.

CLASSIFICATION OF HOTELS BASED ON CLIENTELE
AND LOCATION
A hotel may target many markets and can be classified according to the
market or Clientele and Location they attempt to attract and serve. The
most common types of properties based on these criteria include:-
•Commercial
•Airport
•Residential
•Resort
•Timeshare
•Bed and breakfast
•Casino
•Conference center
•Convention hotels
•Floating hotels

CLASSIFICATION OF HOTELS BASED ON CLIENTELE AND LOCATION
Commercial Hotels
Commercial hotels are situated in the heart of the city. Mostly the businessmen or commercial executives
patronize these hotels. Guest facilities at these hotels are – complimentary newspaper, color TV with cable, E-
mail, fax connection, car rental, airport pick up, coffee shop, bar, specialty restaurant, swimming pool, health
club, room service, concierge, business center, conference room, etc. length of stay in these hotels are from
one day to few days.
Airport Hotels
These hotels are situated near the airport and are frequented by businessmen, airline passengers, layover
passengers, crew members, etc. The facilities provided are similar to that of commercial hotels but the only
difference is that airport pick up is provided from the hotel to the airport and vice versa. The length of stay in
these hotels is from few hours to few days.
Residential Hotels
These hotels provide long term or permanent accommodation. Advance rent is collected while other charges
are billed weekly. There may be a restaurant serving all types of cuisine and there will be laundry service.
These hotels normally work on the European plan. Recently these types of hotels are converted into
cooperative hotels or condominiums. The length of stay is from a week to one or more months.

Resort
A resort may be located in the mountains, on an island, or in some other location away from the crowded
areas. Most of the resort hotels provide extensive food and beverage, valet, and room service for the
vacationers. These hotels also provide special activities such as golf, tennis, horseback riding, nature hikes,
sailing, skiing, swimming, and dancing, etc. resorts also try to be a destination within a destination by
providing a wide range of services, facilities, and activities giving guests with many choices. A more leisurely,
relaxed atmosphere distinguishes most resort hotels from their commercial counterparts. The length of stay is
for one week or more.
Casino Hotels
Hotels with gambling facilities are casino hotels. Although the guest rooms and F&B operations may be quite
luxurious, their function is secondary and supportive of casino operations. Similar to resort hotels these hotels
also cater to leisure and vacation travelers. These hotels attract guests by promoting gambling. A recent trend
in casino hotels now days is to provide a broad range of entertainment opportunities, spas, golf, tennis court.
These hotels also have specialty restaurants. The length of stay is one week or more.

Conference Centers & Convention Centers
Most of the hotels provide meeting space & they also offer overnight accommodations and because meetings
are their focal point these centers place great emphasis on providing all services and equipment necessary to
ensure the success of a meeting – technical production assistance, high-quality audiovisual equipment,
business center, flipchart, display chart and so forth. These centers also provide extensive leisure facilities like
a golf course, swimming pool, tennis court, fitness center, jogging track etc.guest amenities may not be
plentiful at conference centers since these centers concentrate more on fulfilling the needs of meeting
planners and organizers then on meeting the needs of program attendees.
Convention hotels are another segment of the lodging industry that has grown significantly in recent years.
These hotels have 50,000 sq; feet or more of exhibit hall space plus ballroom and assortment of meeting
rooms. These hotels also have sufficient no. Of guestrooms to accommodate all the attendees of most
conventions. These hotels are primarily directed towards business travelers and offer business services such as
secretarial assistance, language translator, fax machines, computer room, teleconference, etc. convention
hotels usually attract the convention market from the state, national and international associations and other
corporate houses.

TimeShare And Condominium Hotels
Timeshare hotels are referred to as vacation ownership hotels. The concept is that for a set period which may
be one week or more in a year the person gets the right to enjoy the stay and other facilities and services in an
apartment are any other type of lodging in a tourist complex. It is like an advanced purchase of time in holiday
accommodation. Here the purchaser has to pay a one-time capital sum and then an annual contribution
towards the maintenance of the property. The fee usually covers services such as cleaning and maintenance of
apartment and public areas, electricity, gas, water, etc. Avalon resorts. Sterling resort, Mahindra holding, etc.
are the few time-share hotels in India.
Condominiums involve joint ownership of a complex. Each owner has the full benefit of a unit and shares the
cost that is common to the entire complex such as taxes, maintenance, upkeep of the building, etc. each
owner can occupy or sell his unit independently but is obliged under the terms of a contract to contribute
towards the pool of common facilities and services. The owner can enjoy recreational exclusive to the complex
and the management looks after the unit in the absence of the owner and if permitted by the owner let it out
to provide income to him.

Bed and Breakfast Hotels
These hotels are houses with a few rooms converted to the guest rooms. The owner lives on the premises and
is responsible for looking after the guest, in these hotels only breakfast is served and meeting rooms, laundry,
lunch and diner, and recreational facilities are offered in these hotels, however, some hotels do offer limited
food service.
Floating Hotels
As the name implies these hotels are established on luxury liners or ships. These are generally located on river,
sea or oceans. On cruise ships, rooms are generally small and all furniture is fixed down. It generally caters to
the long-stay guests. It is a complete hotel in itself consisting of all facilities as provided by any hotel on land. It
not only provides accommodation but other necessary facilities and services like food and beverage,
recreational facilities, swimming pools, etc. Example AB Celestial Mumbai first Floating Hotel.
Boatels
A houseboat hotel is referred to as boatels. The Houseboats of Kashmir and Kettuvallam of Kerala are
houseboats in India which offer luxurious accommodation to travellers. Besides this, all other necessary
facilities are taken care of such as food and beverage, etc.

Rotels
These novel variants are hotels on the wheel. Our very own “Palace on Wheels” and “Deccan Odyssey” are the
trains providing a luxurious hotel atmosphere. Their interior is done like a hotel room. They are normally used
by a small group of travelers. They are costly and hence cater to elite guests providing an elaborate menu and
other services to the occupants.
Motel
The term motel has been derived from the word ‘motor’. They are located primarily on highways, they provide
lodging to highway travelers and also provide ample parking space. The length of stay is usually overnight.
These hotels are generally small in terms of the number of rooms.

Supplementary Accommodation
It consists of all types of accommodations other than the convention type, it may be described as premises
that provide accommodation but not the other services which is provided by the hotels. The main distinctive
features of supplementary accommodations are:
•Standard of comfort is modest as compared to that of a hotel,
•They can sell accommodation at a very low price,
•There is an informal atmosphere and freedom regarding dress code.
Supplementary accommodation plays a very important role in the total available tourist accommodation in a
country; it caters to both the international and domestic tourist traffic.
Types of supplementary accommodations are:
•Dharamshalas or sarai,
•Dak bungalows,
•Youth hostel,
•Dormitories,
•Sanatoria,
•Paying guest accommodation,
•Tourist bungalow etc.

CHAIN HOTELS

BASIC
REQUIREMENTS
FOR HOTEL
CLASSIFICATION
Must have at least 10 lettable rooms which can be rented.
The carpet area of respective rooms and area of the bathroom should adhere to
the following units : –
5 Star Deluxe & 5 Star hotels
Single Room – 180 Sq. Ft.
Double Room – 200 Sq. Ft.
Bathroom – 45 Sq. Ft.
4 Star Hotel & 3 Star Hotel
Single A.C. & Non-A.C. – 120 Sq. Ft.
Double A.C. & Non A.C. – 140 Sq. Ft.
The extra area may be provided if twin beds are provided in the room
Bathroom – 36 Sq. Ft.
2 Star and 1 Star Hotel
Single A.C. & Single Non-A.C. – 100 Sq. Ft.
Double A.C. & Double non A.C. – 120 Sq. Ft.
Bathroom – 30 Sq. Ft. (or subject to local by-laws)
All rooms should be provided with proper vitalization & ceiling fans. (2 Star and 1
Star hotel’s case)

5 STAR CATEGORY
• It must have at least 25 lettable rooms with attached bathrooms having modern shower chambers.
•Construction, locality, and architect of the hotel should have a distinct quality of a 5 Star hotel.
•All public & private areas should be centrally air-conditioned, carpeted, and equipped with high-quality
furniture.
•There should be a well designed and properly equipped swimming pool having lifeguards in
attendance.
•There should be adequate numbers of guest elevator & service elevator functioning 24 hrs. According
to laws if more than 4 floors definitely lift should be there. Escalator also.
•There should be well-equipped ladies and gents cloakrooms and well designed and well-lit lobby area.
•There should be a reception, information, and a cash counter functioning 24 hrs and attended by highly
qualified experienced staff members. Also at the cash counter 24 hrs money changing facility available.
•There should be a shopping arcade having a Flower Shop, Beauty Parlour, Barbershop, Book shop,
Antique shop, and a recognized travel agency.
•Each room should be provided with a telephone having an STD & ISD facility. Also in the lobby, there
should be pay telephones and house telephones

5 STAR CATEGORY
• There should be a provision of channel music in public and private rooms. Each room is provided with
color T.V. and refrigerator.
•There should be well-equipped specialty restaurants serving different cuisines.
•There should be at least one bar or at least a permit room (whichever by law)
•Pantry & Cold storage facilities should be professionally designed.
•Hotels should offer both national & international cuisines and F&B Service should be of the highest
quality.
•There should be professionally qualified, experienced trained staff members who are smart & courteous
having good communication skills.
•24 hrs room service & coffee shop service.
•24 hrs service for telephone
•24 hrs service for hot and cold running water.
•Provision for laundry and any cleaning services.
•There should be adequate parking facilities for guest cars.
•Each room is provided with a vacuum thermos flask with iced cold drinking water.
•H/k in the hotel should be of the highest standards. With a plentiful supply of clean linen, towels, and
blankets which is of the highest quality.
•There should be a dancing facility in the restaurant of the hotel having light music, ghazals, etc.
•There should be a business center in the hotel.

OTHER STAR CATEGORY
4 Star Category
•Services provided in a 4 Star hotel are the same as in a 5 Star hotel except there is no provision for swimming,
pool, and also 50% of guest rooms do not have guest baths.
3 Star Category
•The hotel must have at least 20 lettable rooms with at least 50% rooms AC and the rest of the rooms are well
ventilated having a ceiling fan or air coolers.
•Facilities provided are similar to that of the 4 Star hotel.
2 Star Category
•At least 10 lettable rooms out of which 75% rooms must have attached bathroom having a modern shower
chamber and rest of the rooms will have a bathroom for every four of the remaining rooms with modern
sanitation and running cold water.
•There should be an adequate supply of hot H2O, soap, and toilet paper.
•25% of rooms should be air-conditioned & all the rooms should be ventilated clean and comfortable. There
should be a reception counter with a telephone and this is maintained by trained staff members.
•If all rooms are not provided with a telephone then each room should have a call bell and a telephone on each
floor corridor.
1 Star Category
•Minimum 10 lettable rooms out of which 25% with attached bathroom and a bathroom for every 4 of the
remaining rooms.
•At least 25% of the bathroom should have a W.C. with an adequate supply of hot and cold water.
•All the rooms should be properly ventilated & all rooms are provided with ceiling fans.
•Should be reception counter manned by trained staff members and a telephone for guest use.

FACILITIES AND SERVICES REQUIRED FOR
THE CLASSIFICATION OF A STAR HOTEL
General Facilities
• Full-time operation 7 days a week in season
• Establishment to have all necessary trading licenses
• Establishment to have public liability insurance
• 24 hr. lifts for buildings higher than ground plus two floors
• Mandatory for all hotels. Local laws may require a relaxation of
this condition.
• Easy access for the differently-abled guests
• Bedrooms, Bathroom, Public areas and kitchen fully serviced
daily
• All floor surfaces clean and in good shape

Guest room facilities
• Minimum 10 lettable rooms, all rooms with outside windows / Ventilation.
• The minimum size of bedroom excluding bathroom in 200sq ft
• Air-conditioning 100% of the rooms
• Room temp. should be between 20c -28c.
• A clean change of bed and bath linen daily & between check-in
• Hairdryers, Where not provided in the bathroom, must be available on request on a
• complimentary basis.
• Safekeeping / in-room safe
• Minibar / Fridge
• Drinking water with minimum one glass tumbler per guest
• Wardrobe with a minimum of 4 clothes hangers per bedding
• Sufficient lighting, 1 per bed 5 amp earthed power socket, A bedside table and
drawer, 1 per
• two twins and two for a double bed.
• TV – cable if available.
• A writing surface with sufficient lighting, Chairs- Preferable one per beddingSASIKUMAR NATARJAN - EDUCATIONALIST & HOSPITALITY TRAINER 17

Bathroom facilities
• Attached bathroom
• Minimum surface area: 45sq ft
• One bath towel and one hand towel to be
provided per guest
• Hot and cold running water 24*7
• Shower cubicle
• Bottled toiletries, one of each per person

FACILITIES AND SERVICES REQUIRED FOR THE
CLASSIFICATION OF A STAR HOTEL
Public Area facilities
• Lounge or seating area in the lobby
• Reception facility
• Valet services
• Heating and cooling available
• Public restrooms with proper sanitation
• For differently-abled guests
• At least one guestroom and one bathroom for differently-abled
guest
• Width of corridors should be a minimum of 1m to allow
wheelchair access
• Anti-slip ramps

FACILITIESAND SERVICESREQUIRED FOR THE CLASSIFICATIONOF A STAR HOTEL
Food and Beverage outlets
• Grade A cities: One 24 hours Multi-Cuisine Restaurant cum Coffee Shop, one
Specialty
• Restaurant, and 2 4hours. Room Service.
• Grade B cities: One multi-cuisine restaurant cum Coffee Shop open from 7 am to
11 p.m and
• 24 hours. Room Service. One Specialty Restaurant would be desirable.
• Other than A &B cities: One Multi-Cuisine Restaurant open from 7 a.m. to 11 p.m.
and 24
• hours Room Service

FACILITIESAND SERVICESREQUIRED FOR THE CLASSIFICATIONOF A STAR HOTEL
Kitchen/Food production area
• Refrigerator with deep-freeze storage
• Segregated storage of Meat, fish, and vegetables
• Meat, fish, and vegetables in separate freezers
• Colour coded synthetic chopping boards
• Wooden chopping boards
• Tiled walls
• non-slip floors
• Head covering for production staff
• Daily germicidal cleaning of floors
• Good quality cooking vessels/utensils
• Use of aluminum vessels prohibited except for bakery
• All food grade equipment containers
• Drinking water
• Water treated with UV + filtration Ventilation system
• Garbage to be segregated
• Receiving areas and stores to be clean and distinct from garbage area
• Six monthly medical checks for production staff

FACILITIES AND SERVICES REQUIRED FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF A STAR HOTEL
Guest services
• Provision of the wheelchair for the differently-
abled guest
• Wheelchair to be available on a complimentary
basis in hotels of all categories Valet
• (parking) services to be available
• Dry- cleaning /laundry
• Tea / Coffee making facility in the room
• Iron and Iron Board facility
• Paid transportation on call
• Shoe cleaning, shoehorn & slippers
• Ice (from drinking water) on-demand-
Complimentary on request
• Acceptance of common credit cards and
facilities/infrastructure for accepting/ making
• payments by digital transactions.
• Assistance with luggage on request
• A public telephone on-premises. Unit charges made known
• Wake – up call service on request
• Messages for guests to be recorded and delivered
• Name Address and telephone numbers of doctors with the
front desk
• Doctor on call
• Stamps and mailing facilities
• Newspapers available
• Access to travel desk facilities
• Left luggage facilities
• Provision for emergency supplies toiletries /first aid kit
• Health – Fitness facilities
• Indian system of treatments should preferably be offered
Beauty Salon and Barber’s Shop
• Utility shop/kiosk

FACILITIES AND SERVICES
REQUIRED FOR THE
CLASSIFICATION OF A STAR HOTEL
Staff
• Staff uniforms for the front of the
house
• English speaking front office staff
• Percentage of supervisory staff- 80%
• Percentage of skilled staff- 60%

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF MANAGEMENT AND AFFILIATION
Various types of hotels on the basis of Affiliation and Management are :
•Independent hotel
•Chain hotels
•Management contract hotels
•Franchising and referral groups
Independent Hotel
These are family-owned and operated hotels that are not required to confirm any policy or procedure, they
also do not need to adhere to a particular image and can offer a level of service geared towards attracting a
specific target market and can quickly adapt to changing market condition. However, these hotels do not enjoy
the advantage of volume purchase, advertising exposure, or management insight and consultancy power of a
chain hotel.
Chain Hotel
Chain hotel ownership can take a number of forms. Depending on the association that the chain organization
has with each property. These hotels usually impose certain minimum standards, rules, policies, and
procedures, which is to be followed by other properties of the same chain. These hotels are usually classified
as operating a management contract or as a franchise or referral group.

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF MANAGEMENT AND AFFILIATION
Management contract hotel
These hotels are the properties owned by other entities. Under this type of contract, the owner or developer
usually retains the financial and legal responsibility for the property, the management company pays its
expenses and in turn, receives an agreed-upon fee from the owner or developer and the remaining cash goes
to the owner who also pays for debts, insurance, taxes.
Franchising and Referral groups
Franchising is simply a method of distribution whereby one entity that has developed a particular pattern or
format for doing business. The franchiser usually provides a strong brand name, national and international
central reservation system, management training programs, advanced technology, and central purchasing
services.
Referral groups consist of independent hotels, which have joined together for some common purpose. While
each property in the referral system is the same but there is no similarity in the quality of service and guest
expectations. Hotels within this group refer their guests to other affiliated hotels. With this kind of approach, a
hotel may gain a much greater level of exposure.

CLASSIFICATION ON
THE BASIS OF SIZE
Classification on the basis of size refers to the
number of rooms (bed capacity) and should not
be confused with the building height, or the
area of the property, or the gross sales, etc. The
term number of rooms refers to the lettable
rooms and does not include those rooms which
are convened for other use such as for manager,
housekeeper, accounts, etc. and rooms on the
ground floor and basement which are generally
used for offices, rentals, support services or
other operational facilities leased for businesses
and associations.
Usually, the distribution is,
(i) a hotel of 25 moms or less is called a small
hotel
(ii) one with 26 to 99 rooms is an average hotel
(iii) from: 100 to 299 it is called as above
average
(iv) a hotel of more than 300 rooms is classified
as a large hotel.

CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FOLLOWINGS
Types of service
•Economy/ Limited Service Hotels
•Mid- Market Hotels
•All- Suite Hotels
•First Class or Executive Hotels
•Luxury or Deluxe Hotels
Length of stay
•Residential Hotels
•Semi Residential Hotels
•Transient/ Transit Hotels
•Resort Hotels
Theme
• Heritage hotel
• Ecotels
• Boutique hotels
• Spas
Target market
• Commercial Hotel/ Business Hotels
• Convention Hotel
• Resort Hotels
• Suite Hotels
• Casino Hotel

THANK YOU
SASIKUMAR NATARAJAN – EDUCATIONALIST & HOSPITALITY TRAINER

Classification of Hotel

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