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Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy



         Chapter
                                                         1
                           Sales
                           Management Strategy



                                                                           Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-1   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Introduction
      Sales management is defined as “the planning, direction and control of personal
      selling, including recruiting, selecting, equipping, assigning, routing, supervising,
      paying and motivating as these tasks apply to the personal sales force”.

                Definition Committee of the American Marketing Association.

      Sales force is responsible for the sale of products of a company and to add profit
      to the business operations and fulfill social obligations. Sales force should be
      hardworking, result oriented, well educated and competent to handle changing
      situations. Technical developments which are taking place at a rapid speed have
      made the task of sales force more challenging.
                                                                           Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-2   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Nature and Importance of Sales M anagement
         Sales management helps to achieve the organizational objectives.
          The main objectives of sales management is that products should be sold at
      that price which realizes profits.
           Buyers and sellers both have same types of business relationships. This
      relationship is based on exchange of goods, services and money.
          Sales person develops a positive relationship with the customers. The role of
           sales team is interdependent and success of one team member depends on
      the other.
          The sales team continuously monitor the customer preference, competitors‘
      situation, government policy and other regulatory bodies.
                                                                                               Cont….
                                                                           Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-3   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Relationship-based selling

         Relationship-based selling works because people would rather buy what they
          need to buy anyway from those they have come to relationship.

         Relationship-based selling means doing business in such a way that
      company is worthy of the customer's trust.

         Relationship selling is mainly personal not institutional, and buying is heavily
      personal as well.

         It is not selling centric. It's buyer-based.

         The objective of relationship selling is to help the buyer do the right thing for
      the buyer.

                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-4   Sales and Distribution Management    Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      M anaging the Sales Force
      Successful sales force management means:

          The right organisation and aggregation against product lines and
      geographies.

         The right strength and qualification.

         The right compensation and incentive system.




                                                                           Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-5   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Steps in Designing and M anaging a Sales Force
      1.   Objective Setting

      2.   Training for Sales Policies

      3.   Designing Sales Force: Structure and Size

      4.   Deciding Sales Force Compensation

      5.   Recruiting and Selecting Sales Force

      6.   Guiding and Motivating Sales Force

      7.   Performance Rating of Sales Force


                                                                           Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-6   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Sales M anager’s Duties and Responsibilities
      The sales manager is the most important person in a sales organisation. All
      activities are based on his functions and responsibilities. The following are some
      of the principal duties of a sales manager:

      1.   Organising sales research, product research, etc.

      2.   Getting the best output from the sales force under him.

      3.   Setting and controlling the targets, territories, sales experiences, distribution
      expenses, etc.

      4.   Advising the company on various media, sales promotion schemes, etc.

      5.   Monitoring the company’s sales policies.                                             Cont….

                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-7   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      In the table that follows, Al Reid gives the steps necessary for
      getting success in selling:
                                 Territory Sales Manager’s Job Responsibilities
                To yourself                    To your company                         To your customers
      Increase basic selling skills.     Be proud of your association              Work closely with decision-
                                         with your company.                        takers and influencers in each
      Develop management abilities.                                                account.
                                         Maintain the company standing
      Keep pace with changes, trends     and standards with all                    Point out the advantages of an
      and developments in your           customers.                                association with your company.
      territory.
                                         Inform the headquarters and               Keep accounts current and up-
      Study the latest products,         your supervisors, through                 to-date on all company
      promotion policies and             established channels, about               advertising and promotional
      procedures.                        changes and developments in               activities.
                                         your territory.
      Be alert to new sales and                                                    Suggest ideas, methods,
      merchandising ideas.               Be prompt in handling records,            techniques and tips that can
                                         reports, correspondence, etc.             stimulate sales.

                                                                                        Cont….   Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-8   Sales and Distribution Management           Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)                 S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

      Grow, so that you can assume       Cut selling costs by economical           Inform the customers about the
      greater responsibilities as        routing, good use of time,                trends in their areas.
      opportunities permit.              planning and greater awareness
                                         of opportunity.                           Handle complaints effectively
      Maintain the appearance and                                                  and to the complete satisfaction
      goodwill expected of a territory   Check demand and movement                 of the complainants.
      sales manager.                     of products in the territory.
                                                                                   Suggest the best technique for
      Analyse your weak and strong       Report activities of the                  selling your products to the
      points and then think about        competitors.                              customers.
      them.
                                         Strive to reach the best goals.           Organise presentations to
                                                                                   inform and save time.
                                         Ask for help, when you need it.
                                                                                   Make the customers aware of
                                         Cooperate with other                      the changes in the company’s
                                         departments of the company.               policies or procedures.

                                                                                   Stimulate and maintain
                                                                                   enthusiasm for your products.
                                                                                   Build and maintain goodwill.


                                                                                       Cont….    Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-9   Sales and Distribution Management           Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)                S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Problems of Sales Management
       1.   Designing and Managing Sales Force

            Actual supervision of, and guidance to, individual salesmen is also a sine
       qua non of a sound sales manager.

       2.   Sales Force Authority

            sales force requires delegation of authority with respect to the following:

               Changing or fixing prices

               Credit facilities to old and existing customers

               Assurance regarding quality and after-sale service
                                                                                                 Cont….
               Payment terms and settlement of claims.                      Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-10   Sales and Distribution Management    Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       3.   Target-setting

            Sales targets are fixed on the basis of past experience, time period and
       brand positioning in the market. The targets should be fixed in such a             manner
       that they are achievable.

       4.   Sales Forecasting

            Sales forecasts must change as conditions change. Accuracy depends on
       meticulous planning and dynamic strategies.




                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-11   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Sales M anagement                    —     Formulation            of         Sales
       Strategy
       The following are key decision areas in sales management which are particularly
       relevant to strategy formulation:
        Determining the size of the sales force
          Decision regarding type and quality of sales force required
          Designing the sales organisation
          Territory designing
          Recruitment and training procedures
          Task allocation
          Compensation of sales force
          Performance appraisal and control system
          Feedback mechanism to be adopted
          Managing channel relationships                                Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-12    Coordination withManagementdepartments. Edition)
       Sales and Distribution marketing Text & Cases ( 2 nd              S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Different Sales Strategies

       Relationship Strategy

          In this strategy, a major key to success in selling is the ability to establish
       working relationships with customers in which mutual support, trust and goals are
       nurtured over time.

          The sales force that builds effective relationships with the customer and
       provides valuable service are usually high performers and top achievers.




                                                                                                 Cont….
                                                                             Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-13   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy


          A Selling Partner
        A Selling Partner
          P    -    Prepares strategically for a long-term, high-quality relationship that
        P    -     Prepares strategically for a long-term, high-quality relationship that
                    solves customer’s problems.
                  solves customer’s problems.
          A    -    Asks questions to get on the customer’s agenda.
        A    -    Asks questions to get on the customer’s agenda.
          R    -    Restates customer needs with confirmation questions.
        R    -    Restates customer needs with confirmation questions.
          T    -    Teams with support people to provide the customer with solutions.
        T    -    Teams with support people to provide the customer with solutions.
          N    -     Negotiates double-win solutions with joint decision making.
        N    -     Negotiates double-win solutions with joint decision making.
          E    -    Exceeds customer expectations whenever possible.
        E    -    Exceeds customer expectations whenever possible.
          R    -     Re-examines the ongoing quality of the relationship frequently.
        R    -     Re-examines the ongoing quality of the relationship frequently.
       In this model, a customer is treated as a partner. Therefore, maintaining a good
       relationship with the customer is important.
                                                                                                       Cont….
                                                                                   Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-14   Sales and Distribution Management       Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)     S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       The Double-Win Strategy

          In this strategy, both the customer and the salesperson come out of the sale
       with a sense of satisfaction. The salesperson not only obtains the order but
       sets the stage for a long-term relationship, repeat business and future        referrals.

          They both come out of the sale feeling satisfied, knowing that neither has
       taken advantage of the other and that both have profited, personally and
       professionally, from the transaction.

          However, some salespeople have still not accepted the merits of the win-win
           approach. They have adopted a win-lose approach which means that the
       salesperson wins at the buyer’s expense.

                                                                                                Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-15   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Win – Lose approach vs. Win – Win attitude
       The starting point to the development of a double-win philosophy is to compare
       the behaviour of persons who have adopted the win-lose approach with that of
       persons who have adopted the win-win approach (Figure).
                                         Double-Win Strategy

                Win - Lose People                                     Win - Win People
         See a problem                                  Help others solve their problem
         Fix the blame                                  Fix what caused the problem
         Let life happen to them                        Make life a joyous happening for others
                                                        and themselves
         Live in the past                               Learn from the past, live in the   present
                                                        and set goals for the future
         Make promises they never keep                  Make commitments to themselves and
                                                        to others and keep both of them                         Cont….
                                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-16   Sales and Distribution Management         Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)            S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Instant Service
        It is in this context of providing almost “instant service” to the customer that
       the concept of “supply chain management” has caught the imagination of
       managements the world over.
           No matter how efficiently and effectively goods/services are produced, if they
            cannot be delivered to the customer in the quickest possible time, all efforts
       made earlier are in vain, particularly in the context of very short product life
       cycle – counted in months rather than years.
        As depicted in Figure below, a combination of effective process plus supply
       chain management is what is required to cope with the challenges of the
       international market-place.
        One cannot survive in a highly competitive market without conforming to the
       so called Q-C-D triangle – Highest Quality, Lowest Cost and Least Delivery
       times.                                                                     Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-17   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

                      Simplified Model for Ensuring Customer Delight


                                     After sales service
                                     Unique selling                             SUPPLY CHAIN
                                     propositioning/brand                        management
                                     equity

                                     Exceeding customer
            Customer                 expectations
             Delight
                                     On time delivery

                                     Competitive price                           PROCESS
                                                                                management
                                     Reliability of product
                                     or service
                                     Novelty/uniqueness
                                     of product/service

            leading to customer
            loyalty and lasting                                                                            Cont….
            relationship                                                               Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-18   Sales and Distribution Management       Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)         S       Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Hard Sell Versus Soft Sell Strategy

                             Strategies for Identifying Customers


            Hard Sell                                         Soft Sell
           Hard Sell                                        Soft Sell
           Concern for self                                   Concern for customer
          Concern for self                                  Concern for customer
           Canned presentation                                Questions for discussion
          Canned presentation                               Questions for discussion
           Talking                                            Listening
          Talking                                           Listening
           Pushing product                                    Providing buying opportunities
          Pushing product                                   Providing buying opportunities
           Presenting features                                Presenting benefits
          Presenting features                               Presenting benefits
           Advocating without acknowledging                   Acknowledging needs
          Advocating without acknowledging                  Acknowledging needs



                                                                                                       Cont….
                                                                                   Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-19   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)        S        Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Product-centered Selling and Client-centered Selling

                  Product-centred Selling                                       Client-centred Selling
       1.   Seller puts in efforts for research and             1.     Seller puts in efforts on research and
            development of product.                                    development of relationship with clients.
       2.   Product centred selling emphasises                  2.     Client centred selling emphasises
            knowledge of product.                                      knowledge of client.
       3.   Selling strategies and tactics tend to be           3.     Strategies and tactics tend to be directed
            most influenced by past performances of                    more to considerations of future growth and
            products and competition and present                       developments in the client’s world.
            situations.
       4.   Representative seeks to be accepted as a            4.     Representative strives to raise client’s
            reliable, credible source of information and               expectations of personal excellence.
            service.




                                                                                                  Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-20   Sales and Distribution Management              Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)            S        Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Selling Process
           The selling process is defined as a process by which a salesperson identifies
            and locates the prospects, separates the prospects from the suspects
       approaches them and makes a sales presentation, handles their objections.
       He also follows up the existing customers to identify further sales leads and
       measures the success and customer satisfaction level of the current              products
       and service offerings.
        Selling concept refers to the exchange of goods or services for an amount of
            money or its equivalent in kind. Selling helps an organization achieve its
       organizational goals. Thus, managing sales in an organization is a critical
       activity. A sales manager needs to ensure that the salesman are motivated
       to give their best performance.
        The sales team continuously look out the changes taking place in the
       external environment regarding competitors, customers, government policy
       and other regulatory agencies, advances in technology, and industry trends.
       This provides the sales personnel a vital information regarding trends in product
       sales, product development, and budgets.                      Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-21   Sales and Distribution Management       Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)     S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

        The economic slowdown is receding and budgets of companies are
       increasingly receptive to alternative direct marketing tools to sell their products.
            Telemarketing (TM), that is marketing products and services on the
       telephone, a direct marketing tool, which has touched a high in the last three
       years.
        Apart from professional TM service outfits, many companies, including
       MNCs, have set up their in-house TM cells.
        A TM outfit works through a well networked team of trained telemarketers
       who make calls to potential clients and customers and establish direct contact
       with them. The key lies in convincing the customer about the value of            the
       product or service and fixing up an appointment.
        Direct customer marketing system allows customers complete flexibility to
       purchase our products. Orders can be placed via the Internet, over the phone,
       by mail, through our catalogue or through the company personnel.”

                                                                            Cont….   Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-22   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)            S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Mail Order Sales

          Mail order houses are retail trading organisations engaged in the mail order
       business.

          This is also known as carrying on business through post or mail. In this
       method, customers do not visit the seller’s business premises, nor do they
       make a personal examination of the goods before they are purchased. In this
       system, orders are received from customers by post and the goods are
       dispatched usually by VPP (Value Payable Parcel) or registered post.



                                                                                                Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-23   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       In case of the mail order business, the selling function is performed
       without the intervention of the personal salesman.

          The goods should be known for their utility so that there is no need of
       convincing prospective buyers about their usefulness.

          They must fetch a sufficient price to have a wide profit margin.

          They must command wide demand.

          They must not be easily perishable.

          They should be available in large quantities throughout the year.



                                                                                                Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-24   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Sales through Large Scale Fixed Shop Retailers
       Concentration of population in urban areas, increasing flow of manufactured
       goods and improved methods of organising business have led to the expansion of
       retail business. This expansion was effected in different ways, giving rise to
       different types of retail establishments, which operate on a large scale. More
       prominent among them are the following:
          Departmental stores
          Chain stores
          Mail order houses
          Hire purchase shops
          Super markets
          Fixed price shops
                                                                                                Cont….
          Cooperative stores
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-25   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Sales through Wholesalers and Retailers

       Wholesalers perform a number of functions in the marketing of
       goods as listed below

          Assembling and buying

          Storing or warehousing

          Transporting

          Financing

          Risk-bearing

          Grading, packing and packaging
                                                                                                Cont….
          Providing market information.
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-26   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       In the process of acting as a link between the wholesaler and the
       consumer, a retailer performs many functions. The more important of
       them are given below:

          Buying and assembling

          Warehousing or storing

          Selling

          Grading and packing

          Financing

          Supply of market information

          Advertising.                                                                         Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-27   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Direct Selling

          Direct selling identifies the unfulfilled needs of ordinary customers.

          Direct marketing companies have an advantage over conventional marketers
           in that the relationship between the company and the customer starts
       building even before a sale is made.

       Lessons From Direct Selling

          THE STRATEGY: Eureka Forbes structures its demos according to the time
       at the customer’s disposal.

          The Lesson: Keep the process flexible enough to accommodate individual
       needs.                                                                                   Cont….
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-28   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

                                         How to Add Value Through Direct Selling


       Create direct                             Make           Choose suitable          Ensure product
                         Identify the                                                                         Close deal
          selling                            appointment         time for demo            Performance
                          customer                                                                              quickly
         process                            with customer           and pitch               at demo


                                                                                                           Follow up sale
                                                                                                            with prompt
                                                                                                               service


                                                                                                               Ensure
                                                                                                             increase in
                             Is the                                     Is salesman                        customer value
                       process clearly                                empowered to be
                         structured?                                       flexible?
           Yes                                  Yes


                                                      No                                          Yes
                                                                                                                         Cont….
                                                                                                     Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-29   Sales and Distribution Management               Text & Cases    ( 2 nd Edition)             S        Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

          THE STRATEGY: Modi Telstra uses a clearly structured sales call process to
           market its cell phone services.

          THE LESSON: Simplify the process of negotiation to save the customer’s
       time.

          THE STRATEGY: Oriflame uses multilevel marketing to enlist direct sales
       agents from its customer base.

          THE LESSON: Use your customer to sell your product to other customers.

          THE STRATEGY: INDAL empowers its sales force to take pricing decisions
       on the spot when closing sales.

              THE LESSON: Ensure that your direct seller can conclude a deal
       immediately.
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-30   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       National Sales M anager
       In carrying out these responsibilities, sales mangers do the following
       things:
       1.   Prepare sales plans and budgets
       2.   Set sales force goals and objectives
       3.   Estimate demand and forecast sales
       4.   Determine the size and structure of the sales force organization
       5.   Recruit, select and train sales people
       6.   Design sales territories, set sales quotas and define performance standards
       7.   Compensate, motivate and lead the sales force
       8.   Conduct sales volume, cost and profit analysis
       9.   Evaluate sales force performance
                                                                                             Cont….
       10. Monitor the ethical and social conduct of the sales force.
                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-31   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy


                                           Sales Manager




       Regional Manager   Regional Manager    Regional Manager Regional Manager Regional Manager
            (North)            (South)             (East)           (West)           (Staff)




       BM BM     BM BM    BM BM    BM BM       BM BM      BM BM       BM BM      BM BM   BM BM      BM BM




          Field Staff        Field Staff          Field Staff             Field Staff        Field Staff



                                                                                                           Cont….
                                                                                         Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-32    Sales and Distribution Management       Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)           S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Stand Points of Sales Representative

       The stand points of sales representatives and the managers are as
       follows:

       1.   To protect drastic fluctuations in income so that regular monthly expenses for
            home mortgage, food and utilities can be paid/balanced without hardship.

       2.   Expenses in direct relations to the amount of effort

       3.   Earnings to be equitable in terms of experience, ability, cost of living.




                                                                                              Cont….
                                                                             Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-33   Sales and Distribution Management    Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Organization uses two types of compensations:

       1.   Financial

       2.   Non-Financial

       Financial includes compensation, salary, incentives and fringe benefits.

       Non-financial includes motivation and its implications to sales management.

       But monetary compensation is one of the most direct and least ambiguous ways
       of communicating to sales people about their performance.




                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-34   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Reasons for Providing Financial Compensation
       The compensation plan is undoubtedly to reward the salesman for his
       performance. The plan includes.

       1.   The plan should provide a regular income at least at minimum level. In
       addition to this regular income, it should provide adequate incentive to            induce
       minimum performance from the salesman.

       2.   The plan should be simple and easy to understand for the salesman.

       3.   It should be economical and should induce competition amongst salesman.

       4.   It should be fair to both the sales force and management.


                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-35   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       M ethods of Remuneration
       The sales force can be remunerated in the following ways:

       1.   A straight salary

       2.   A straight commission on sales

       3.   Salary and commission on sales

       4.   Salary and commission on sales above a certain amount

       5.   Salary and different rate of commission on varying totals or for different types
            of goods

       6.   Salary and share in the profits

                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-36   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Expenses Accounts
       The major sales expenses accounts are categorized as follows:
       1.   Salary accounts
       2.   Commission accounts
       3.   Bonuses
       4.   Meals and entertainment
       5.   Air travel
       6.   Automobiles rentals
       7.   Lodging
       8.   Travel accounts
       9.   Tour expenses accounts (Advance accounts)
       10. Communication and services expenses accounts.                    Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-37   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       Fringe Benefits
       Types of fringe benefits are:
       1.   Company Car
       2.   Supplemental life insurance and medical insurance
       3.   Tax-return preparation
       4.   Personal tax and financial planning
       5.   Low or no interest loans
       6.   Deferred compensation
       7.   Supplemental retirement benefits
       8.   Air travel and First class A.C. for Train Travel
       9.   Relocation allowance
                                                                                              Cont….

       10. Stationary facilities                                             Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-38   Sales and Distribution Management    Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books
Block Basics of Sales Management
 : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy

       11.     Laundry benefits, while on the tour

       12.     Special perquisites for outstanding performance by getting travel prizes
               recognition for outstanding performance

       13.     Medical expenses

       14.     Special business associations membership

       15.     Exclusive developmental programs by IIM, Ahmedabad, by Shiv Khera,
               etc.




                                                                            Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta


1-39   Sales and Distribution Management   Text & Cases   ( 2 nd Edition)   S      Excel Books

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Chapter 1 sales management strategy sales and distribution management (1)

  • 1. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Chapter 1 Sales Management Strategy Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-1 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 2. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Introduction Sales management is defined as “the planning, direction and control of personal selling, including recruiting, selecting, equipping, assigning, routing, supervising, paying and motivating as these tasks apply to the personal sales force”. Definition Committee of the American Marketing Association. Sales force is responsible for the sale of products of a company and to add profit to the business operations and fulfill social obligations. Sales force should be hardworking, result oriented, well educated and competent to handle changing situations. Technical developments which are taking place at a rapid speed have made the task of sales force more challenging. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-2 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 3. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Nature and Importance of Sales M anagement  Sales management helps to achieve the organizational objectives.  The main objectives of sales management is that products should be sold at that price which realizes profits.  Buyers and sellers both have same types of business relationships. This relationship is based on exchange of goods, services and money.  Sales person develops a positive relationship with the customers. The role of sales team is interdependent and success of one team member depends on the other.  The sales team continuously monitor the customer preference, competitors‘ situation, government policy and other regulatory bodies. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-3 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 4. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Relationship-based selling  Relationship-based selling works because people would rather buy what they need to buy anyway from those they have come to relationship.  Relationship-based selling means doing business in such a way that company is worthy of the customer's trust.  Relationship selling is mainly personal not institutional, and buying is heavily personal as well.  It is not selling centric. It's buyer-based.  The objective of relationship selling is to help the buyer do the right thing for the buyer. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-4 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 5. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy M anaging the Sales Force Successful sales force management means:  The right organisation and aggregation against product lines and geographies.  The right strength and qualification.  The right compensation and incentive system. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-5 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 6. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Steps in Designing and M anaging a Sales Force 1. Objective Setting 2. Training for Sales Policies 3. Designing Sales Force: Structure and Size 4. Deciding Sales Force Compensation 5. Recruiting and Selecting Sales Force 6. Guiding and Motivating Sales Force 7. Performance Rating of Sales Force Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-6 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 7. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Sales M anager’s Duties and Responsibilities The sales manager is the most important person in a sales organisation. All activities are based on his functions and responsibilities. The following are some of the principal duties of a sales manager: 1. Organising sales research, product research, etc. 2. Getting the best output from the sales force under him. 3. Setting and controlling the targets, territories, sales experiences, distribution expenses, etc. 4. Advising the company on various media, sales promotion schemes, etc. 5. Monitoring the company’s sales policies. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-7 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 8. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy In the table that follows, Al Reid gives the steps necessary for getting success in selling: Territory Sales Manager’s Job Responsibilities To yourself To your company To your customers Increase basic selling skills. Be proud of your association Work closely with decision- with your company. takers and influencers in each Develop management abilities. account. Maintain the company standing Keep pace with changes, trends and standards with all Point out the advantages of an and developments in your customers. association with your company. territory. Inform the headquarters and Keep accounts current and up- Study the latest products, your supervisors, through to-date on all company promotion policies and established channels, about advertising and promotional procedures. changes and developments in activities. your territory. Be alert to new sales and Suggest ideas, methods, merchandising ideas. Be prompt in handling records, techniques and tips that can reports, correspondence, etc. stimulate sales. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-8 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 9. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Grow, so that you can assume Cut selling costs by economical Inform the customers about the greater responsibilities as routing, good use of time, trends in their areas. opportunities permit. planning and greater awareness of opportunity. Handle complaints effectively Maintain the appearance and and to the complete satisfaction goodwill expected of a territory Check demand and movement of the complainants. sales manager. of products in the territory. Suggest the best technique for Analyse your weak and strong Report activities of the selling your products to the points and then think about competitors. customers. them. Strive to reach the best goals. Organise presentations to inform and save time. Ask for help, when you need it. Make the customers aware of Cooperate with other the changes in the company’s departments of the company. policies or procedures. Stimulate and maintain enthusiasm for your products. Build and maintain goodwill. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-9 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 10. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Problems of Sales Management 1. Designing and Managing Sales Force Actual supervision of, and guidance to, individual salesmen is also a sine qua non of a sound sales manager. 2. Sales Force Authority sales force requires delegation of authority with respect to the following:  Changing or fixing prices  Credit facilities to old and existing customers  Assurance regarding quality and after-sale service Cont….  Payment terms and settlement of claims. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-10 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 11. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy 3. Target-setting Sales targets are fixed on the basis of past experience, time period and brand positioning in the market. The targets should be fixed in such a manner that they are achievable. 4. Sales Forecasting Sales forecasts must change as conditions change. Accuracy depends on meticulous planning and dynamic strategies. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-11 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 12. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Sales M anagement — Formulation of Sales Strategy The following are key decision areas in sales management which are particularly relevant to strategy formulation:  Determining the size of the sales force  Decision regarding type and quality of sales force required  Designing the sales organisation  Territory designing  Recruitment and training procedures  Task allocation  Compensation of sales force  Performance appraisal and control system  Feedback mechanism to be adopted  Managing channel relationships Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-12  Coordination withManagementdepartments. Edition) Sales and Distribution marketing Text & Cases ( 2 nd S Excel Books
  • 13. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Different Sales Strategies Relationship Strategy  In this strategy, a major key to success in selling is the ability to establish working relationships with customers in which mutual support, trust and goals are nurtured over time.  The sales force that builds effective relationships with the customer and provides valuable service are usually high performers and top achievers. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-13 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 14. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy A Selling Partner A Selling Partner P - Prepares strategically for a long-term, high-quality relationship that P - Prepares strategically for a long-term, high-quality relationship that solves customer’s problems. solves customer’s problems. A - Asks questions to get on the customer’s agenda. A - Asks questions to get on the customer’s agenda. R - Restates customer needs with confirmation questions. R - Restates customer needs with confirmation questions. T - Teams with support people to provide the customer with solutions. T - Teams with support people to provide the customer with solutions. N - Negotiates double-win solutions with joint decision making. N - Negotiates double-win solutions with joint decision making. E - Exceeds customer expectations whenever possible. E - Exceeds customer expectations whenever possible. R - Re-examines the ongoing quality of the relationship frequently. R - Re-examines the ongoing quality of the relationship frequently. In this model, a customer is treated as a partner. Therefore, maintaining a good relationship with the customer is important. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-14 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 15. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy The Double-Win Strategy  In this strategy, both the customer and the salesperson come out of the sale with a sense of satisfaction. The salesperson not only obtains the order but sets the stage for a long-term relationship, repeat business and future referrals.  They both come out of the sale feeling satisfied, knowing that neither has taken advantage of the other and that both have profited, personally and professionally, from the transaction.  However, some salespeople have still not accepted the merits of the win-win approach. They have adopted a win-lose approach which means that the salesperson wins at the buyer’s expense. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-15 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 16. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Win – Lose approach vs. Win – Win attitude The starting point to the development of a double-win philosophy is to compare the behaviour of persons who have adopted the win-lose approach with that of persons who have adopted the win-win approach (Figure). Double-Win Strategy Win - Lose People Win - Win People See a problem Help others solve their problem Fix the blame Fix what caused the problem Let life happen to them Make life a joyous happening for others and themselves Live in the past Learn from the past, live in the present and set goals for the future Make promises they never keep Make commitments to themselves and to others and keep both of them Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-16 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 17. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Instant Service  It is in this context of providing almost “instant service” to the customer that the concept of “supply chain management” has caught the imagination of managements the world over.  No matter how efficiently and effectively goods/services are produced, if they cannot be delivered to the customer in the quickest possible time, all efforts made earlier are in vain, particularly in the context of very short product life cycle – counted in months rather than years.  As depicted in Figure below, a combination of effective process plus supply chain management is what is required to cope with the challenges of the international market-place.  One cannot survive in a highly competitive market without conforming to the so called Q-C-D triangle – Highest Quality, Lowest Cost and Least Delivery times. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-17 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 18. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Simplified Model for Ensuring Customer Delight After sales service Unique selling SUPPLY CHAIN propositioning/brand management equity Exceeding customer Customer expectations Delight On time delivery Competitive price PROCESS management Reliability of product or service Novelty/uniqueness of product/service leading to customer loyalty and lasting Cont…. relationship Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-18 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 19. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Hard Sell Versus Soft Sell Strategy Strategies for Identifying Customers Hard Sell Soft Sell Hard Sell Soft Sell Concern for self Concern for customer Concern for self Concern for customer Canned presentation Questions for discussion Canned presentation Questions for discussion Talking Listening Talking Listening Pushing product Providing buying opportunities Pushing product Providing buying opportunities Presenting features Presenting benefits Presenting features Presenting benefits Advocating without acknowledging Acknowledging needs Advocating without acknowledging Acknowledging needs Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-19 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 20. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Product-centered Selling and Client-centered Selling Product-centred Selling Client-centred Selling 1. Seller puts in efforts for research and 1. Seller puts in efforts on research and development of product. development of relationship with clients. 2. Product centred selling emphasises 2. Client centred selling emphasises knowledge of product. knowledge of client. 3. Selling strategies and tactics tend to be 3. Strategies and tactics tend to be directed most influenced by past performances of more to considerations of future growth and products and competition and present developments in the client’s world. situations. 4. Representative seeks to be accepted as a 4. Representative strives to raise client’s reliable, credible source of information and expectations of personal excellence. service. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-20 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 21. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Selling Process  The selling process is defined as a process by which a salesperson identifies and locates the prospects, separates the prospects from the suspects approaches them and makes a sales presentation, handles their objections. He also follows up the existing customers to identify further sales leads and measures the success and customer satisfaction level of the current products and service offerings.  Selling concept refers to the exchange of goods or services for an amount of money or its equivalent in kind. Selling helps an organization achieve its organizational goals. Thus, managing sales in an organization is a critical activity. A sales manager needs to ensure that the salesman are motivated to give their best performance.  The sales team continuously look out the changes taking place in the external environment regarding competitors, customers, government policy and other regulatory agencies, advances in technology, and industry trends. This provides the sales personnel a vital information regarding trends in product sales, product development, and budgets. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-21 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 22. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy  The economic slowdown is receding and budgets of companies are increasingly receptive to alternative direct marketing tools to sell their products.  Telemarketing (TM), that is marketing products and services on the telephone, a direct marketing tool, which has touched a high in the last three years.  Apart from professional TM service outfits, many companies, including MNCs, have set up their in-house TM cells.  A TM outfit works through a well networked team of trained telemarketers who make calls to potential clients and customers and establish direct contact with them. The key lies in convincing the customer about the value of the product or service and fixing up an appointment.  Direct customer marketing system allows customers complete flexibility to purchase our products. Orders can be placed via the Internet, over the phone, by mail, through our catalogue or through the company personnel.” Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-22 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 23. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Mail Order Sales  Mail order houses are retail trading organisations engaged in the mail order business.  This is also known as carrying on business through post or mail. In this method, customers do not visit the seller’s business premises, nor do they make a personal examination of the goods before they are purchased. In this system, orders are received from customers by post and the goods are dispatched usually by VPP (Value Payable Parcel) or registered post. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-23 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 24. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy In case of the mail order business, the selling function is performed without the intervention of the personal salesman.  The goods should be known for their utility so that there is no need of convincing prospective buyers about their usefulness.  They must fetch a sufficient price to have a wide profit margin.  They must command wide demand.  They must not be easily perishable.  They should be available in large quantities throughout the year. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-24 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 25. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Sales through Large Scale Fixed Shop Retailers Concentration of population in urban areas, increasing flow of manufactured goods and improved methods of organising business have led to the expansion of retail business. This expansion was effected in different ways, giving rise to different types of retail establishments, which operate on a large scale. More prominent among them are the following:  Departmental stores  Chain stores  Mail order houses  Hire purchase shops  Super markets  Fixed price shops Cont….  Cooperative stores Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-25 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 26. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Sales through Wholesalers and Retailers Wholesalers perform a number of functions in the marketing of goods as listed below  Assembling and buying  Storing or warehousing  Transporting  Financing  Risk-bearing  Grading, packing and packaging Cont….  Providing market information. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-26 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 27. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy In the process of acting as a link between the wholesaler and the consumer, a retailer performs many functions. The more important of them are given below:  Buying and assembling  Warehousing or storing  Selling  Grading and packing  Financing  Supply of market information  Advertising. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-27 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 28. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Direct Selling  Direct selling identifies the unfulfilled needs of ordinary customers.  Direct marketing companies have an advantage over conventional marketers in that the relationship between the company and the customer starts building even before a sale is made. Lessons From Direct Selling  THE STRATEGY: Eureka Forbes structures its demos according to the time at the customer’s disposal.  The Lesson: Keep the process flexible enough to accommodate individual needs. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-28 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 29. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy How to Add Value Through Direct Selling Create direct Make Choose suitable Ensure product Identify the Close deal selling appointment time for demo Performance customer quickly process with customer and pitch at demo Follow up sale with prompt service Ensure increase in Is the Is salesman customer value process clearly empowered to be structured? flexible? Yes Yes No Yes Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-29 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 30. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy  THE STRATEGY: Modi Telstra uses a clearly structured sales call process to market its cell phone services.  THE LESSON: Simplify the process of negotiation to save the customer’s time.  THE STRATEGY: Oriflame uses multilevel marketing to enlist direct sales agents from its customer base.  THE LESSON: Use your customer to sell your product to other customers.  THE STRATEGY: INDAL empowers its sales force to take pricing decisions on the spot when closing sales.  THE LESSON: Ensure that your direct seller can conclude a deal immediately. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-30 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 31. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy National Sales M anager In carrying out these responsibilities, sales mangers do the following things: 1. Prepare sales plans and budgets 2. Set sales force goals and objectives 3. Estimate demand and forecast sales 4. Determine the size and structure of the sales force organization 5. Recruit, select and train sales people 6. Design sales territories, set sales quotas and define performance standards 7. Compensate, motivate and lead the sales force 8. Conduct sales volume, cost and profit analysis 9. Evaluate sales force performance Cont…. 10. Monitor the ethical and social conduct of the sales force. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-31 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 32. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Sales Manager Regional Manager Regional Manager Regional Manager Regional Manager Regional Manager (North) (South) (East) (West) (Staff) BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM BM Field Staff Field Staff Field Staff Field Staff Field Staff Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-32 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 33. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Stand Points of Sales Representative The stand points of sales representatives and the managers are as follows: 1. To protect drastic fluctuations in income so that regular monthly expenses for home mortgage, food and utilities can be paid/balanced without hardship. 2. Expenses in direct relations to the amount of effort 3. Earnings to be equitable in terms of experience, ability, cost of living. Cont…. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-33 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 34. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Organization uses two types of compensations: 1. Financial 2. Non-Financial Financial includes compensation, salary, incentives and fringe benefits. Non-financial includes motivation and its implications to sales management. But monetary compensation is one of the most direct and least ambiguous ways of communicating to sales people about their performance. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-34 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 35. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Reasons for Providing Financial Compensation The compensation plan is undoubtedly to reward the salesman for his performance. The plan includes. 1. The plan should provide a regular income at least at minimum level. In addition to this regular income, it should provide adequate incentive to induce minimum performance from the salesman. 2. The plan should be simple and easy to understand for the salesman. 3. It should be economical and should induce competition amongst salesman. 4. It should be fair to both the sales force and management. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-35 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 36. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy M ethods of Remuneration The sales force can be remunerated in the following ways: 1. A straight salary 2. A straight commission on sales 3. Salary and commission on sales 4. Salary and commission on sales above a certain amount 5. Salary and different rate of commission on varying totals or for different types of goods 6. Salary and share in the profits Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-36 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 37. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Expenses Accounts The major sales expenses accounts are categorized as follows: 1. Salary accounts 2. Commission accounts 3. Bonuses 4. Meals and entertainment 5. Air travel 6. Automobiles rentals 7. Lodging 8. Travel accounts 9. Tour expenses accounts (Advance accounts) 10. Communication and services expenses accounts. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-37 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 38. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy Fringe Benefits Types of fringe benefits are: 1. Company Car 2. Supplemental life insurance and medical insurance 3. Tax-return preparation 4. Personal tax and financial planning 5. Low or no interest loans 6. Deferred compensation 7. Supplemental retirement benefits 8. Air travel and First class A.C. for Train Travel 9. Relocation allowance Cont…. 10. Stationary facilities Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-38 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books
  • 39. Block Basics of Sales Management : I Ch-1 Sales Management Strategy 11. Laundry benefits, while on the tour 12. Special perquisites for outstanding performance by getting travel prizes recognition for outstanding performance 13. Medical expenses 14. Special business associations membership 15. Exclusive developmental programs by IIM, Ahmedabad, by Shiv Khera, etc. Copyright © 2010, S L Gupta 1-39 Sales and Distribution Management Text & Cases ( 2 nd Edition) S Excel Books