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ModularCity:
Including a Social Perspective into Urban Planning
Using Geographic Informational Survey Techniques
Prof . Hans-Jörg Stark
hansjoerg.stark@fhnw.ch
Tanja Klöti & Carlo Fabian
tanja.kloeti@fhnw.ch, carlo.fabian@fhnw.ch
Markus Zahnd
markus.zahnd@langenthal.ch
Research Context
Research Project ‘modularCity’
Urban Planning in Switzerland:
Guiding framework of technical and financial
parameters to ensure a controlled development of
city districts
Goal: additionally include social perspectives AND
user participation (break up expertocratic process)
Difficulty: Social factors are multidimensional
information
2
Online-Survey in Langenthal:
Goals
1. Evaluation of the use and assessment of the
“Marketplace area” (=area of interest) by
inhabitants and local traders
2. Enhanced discussion basis to work out a
development strategy for the area of interest
3. Development and testing of a new tool for
municipal site development:
 Online-Survey with geospatial reference
 Evaluation and Visualisation with GIS methods
 Integration of findings into the «3D-Social-modell» of the
City of Langenthal
3
Online-Survey in Langenthal:
Procedure
1. Definition of planning perimeter and
sample
2. Construction of surveying tool and
definition of themes/questionnaire
3. Conducting online survey
4. Evaluation, Processing, Visualization of data
5. Interdisciplinary Analysis and Interpretation
4
Area of interest
5
Marketplace area:
•Planning perimeter (red)
•Area of influence (green)
Facts & Figures:
834 households
1’582 inhabitants
524 businesses
Online-Survey in Langenthal:
Questionnaire
1. Inhabitant / trader / working in administration
2. Subjective Definition the perimeter of «Marketplace area»
3. Crossing «Marketplace area»: Transportation means and ways
4. Activities on «Marketplace area»
5. Positive and negative connotations / places on «Marketplace
area»
6. Qualities and Atmospheres on «Marketplace area»
7. Problems and Opportunities on «Marketplace area»
8. Personal Information
6
Online-Survey in Langenthal :
Implementation
• Survey Contents / Questionnaire: School of
Social Work
• Programming and geospatial reference:
School of Architecture, Civil Engineering and
Geomatics, Institute of Geomatics Engineering
• Letter and invitation: City of Langenthal
• Survey Period: June 18 to July 16 2013
7
Online Survey: Statistics
• Invitation delivered to 834 households;
524 institutions/businesses, 30 administration
units
 Completed at least first question:
- 234 households (37%)
- 66 institutions/businesses (26%)
- 72 institutions/businesses & households
- 14 administration units(46%)
• With ongoing survey reduced participation
8
Defining the perimeter of «Marketplace area»
9
Defining the perimeter of «Marketplace area»
10
< 30 years 30 < 50 years > 50 years
Transportation means and ways
11
Transportation means and ways
12
Activities on «Marketplace area»
13
Activities on «Marketplace area»
14
Positive and negative connotations / places
15
Positive and negative connotations / places
16
Positive Connotations Negative Connotations
Qualities and Athmospheres
17
Qualities and Athmospheres
18
Positive Locations Negative Locations
Problems and Opportunities
19
Problems and Opportunities
20
Opportunities Problems
Findings and conclusion (I)
• Successful «proof of concept» for online survey
integrating / fostering public participation
• BUT: still potential for higher participation
• «Spatial enabling» multidimensional social factors have
high potential (especially in interdisciplinary projects)
• Survey data relatively easily integrateable into GIS
• Very valuable information for local council – stimulates
discussion and solution finding process
21
Findings and conclusion (II)
• Standardization of socio-spatial analysis techniques 
representative and replicable results
• contextualization of future area planning projects by
integrating the subjective perspective of residents
and (future)area users  allows more sustainable and
need-oriented planning
• democratization of planning processes enhances
cooperation between communal administration,
planning experts and population
22

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ModularCity: Social Perspectives and GIS for Urban Planning

  • 1. ModularCity: Including a Social Perspective into Urban Planning Using Geographic Informational Survey Techniques Prof . Hans-Jörg Stark hansjoerg.stark@fhnw.ch Tanja Klöti & Carlo Fabian tanja.kloeti@fhnw.ch, carlo.fabian@fhnw.ch Markus Zahnd markus.zahnd@langenthal.ch
  • 2. Research Context Research Project ‘modularCity’ Urban Planning in Switzerland: Guiding framework of technical and financial parameters to ensure a controlled development of city districts Goal: additionally include social perspectives AND user participation (break up expertocratic process) Difficulty: Social factors are multidimensional information 2
  • 3. Online-Survey in Langenthal: Goals 1. Evaluation of the use and assessment of the “Marketplace area” (=area of interest) by inhabitants and local traders 2. Enhanced discussion basis to work out a development strategy for the area of interest 3. Development and testing of a new tool for municipal site development:  Online-Survey with geospatial reference  Evaluation and Visualisation with GIS methods  Integration of findings into the «3D-Social-modell» of the City of Langenthal 3
  • 4. Online-Survey in Langenthal: Procedure 1. Definition of planning perimeter and sample 2. Construction of surveying tool and definition of themes/questionnaire 3. Conducting online survey 4. Evaluation, Processing, Visualization of data 5. Interdisciplinary Analysis and Interpretation 4
  • 5. Area of interest 5 Marketplace area: •Planning perimeter (red) •Area of influence (green) Facts & Figures: 834 households 1’582 inhabitants 524 businesses
  • 6. Online-Survey in Langenthal: Questionnaire 1. Inhabitant / trader / working in administration 2. Subjective Definition the perimeter of «Marketplace area» 3. Crossing «Marketplace area»: Transportation means and ways 4. Activities on «Marketplace area» 5. Positive and negative connotations / places on «Marketplace area» 6. Qualities and Atmospheres on «Marketplace area» 7. Problems and Opportunities on «Marketplace area» 8. Personal Information 6
  • 7. Online-Survey in Langenthal : Implementation • Survey Contents / Questionnaire: School of Social Work • Programming and geospatial reference: School of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Institute of Geomatics Engineering • Letter and invitation: City of Langenthal • Survey Period: June 18 to July 16 2013 7
  • 8. Online Survey: Statistics • Invitation delivered to 834 households; 524 institutions/businesses, 30 administration units  Completed at least first question: - 234 households (37%) - 66 institutions/businesses (26%) - 72 institutions/businesses & households - 14 administration units(46%) • With ongoing survey reduced participation 8
  • 9. Defining the perimeter of «Marketplace area» 9
  • 10. Defining the perimeter of «Marketplace area» 10 < 30 years 30 < 50 years > 50 years
  • 15. Positive and negative connotations / places 15
  • 16. Positive and negative connotations / places 16 Positive Connotations Negative Connotations
  • 18. Qualities and Athmospheres 18 Positive Locations Negative Locations
  • 21. Findings and conclusion (I) • Successful «proof of concept» for online survey integrating / fostering public participation • BUT: still potential for higher participation • «Spatial enabling» multidimensional social factors have high potential (especially in interdisciplinary projects) • Survey data relatively easily integrateable into GIS • Very valuable information for local council – stimulates discussion and solution finding process 21
  • 22. Findings and conclusion (II) • Standardization of socio-spatial analysis techniques  representative and replicable results • contextualization of future area planning projects by integrating the subjective perspective of residents and (future)area users  allows more sustainable and need-oriented planning • democratization of planning processes enhances cooperation between communal administration, planning experts and population 22

Editor's Notes

  1. Durch die Stadt Langenthal wurden angeschrieben bzw. zur Teilnahme an der Befragung eingeladen: 834 Haushalte (H) 524 Geschäfte/Betriebe (G/B) 30 Verwaltungsmitarbeitende Der Rücklauf beträgt: 234 Haushalt (37% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 66 Geschäfte/Betriebe (26% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 72 Haushalte &amp; Geschäfte/Betriebe gemeinsam 14 Verwaltung (47%) Die Angaben zur eigenen Person wurden nicht von allen Teilnehmenden ausgefüllt. Dementsprechend sind Aussagen zur Stichprobe nur begrenzt möglich. Die folgenden Ergebnisse und Tabellen geben dennoch einen Eindruck über die Merkmale der befragten Personen.
  2. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden zu Beginn der Umfrage gebeten, auf dem Computermonitor auf einer Karte das Markthallenareal einzuzeichnen. Die Ergebnisse wurden nach unterschiedlichen Altersgruppen zusammengefasst (vgl. Folie 8-10). Die Teilnehmenden bis und mit 30 Jahre definieren das Markthallenareal grösstenteils über das Gebäude der Markthalle sowie den Parkplatz. Im Gegensatz dazu weisen die älteren Teilnehmenden über 30 Jahre eine breitere Definition des Markthallenareals auf, die auch die umliegenden Gebiete insb. im Westen und Süden des Parkplatzes umfassen. Eine klare Grenze des Areals ist im Nordosten mit dem Gebäude der Markthalle (Herzogstrasse) und im Osten mit der Südstrasse erkenntlich. Richtung Süden und Westen ist die Abgrenzung des Markhallenareals zum umliegenden Gebiet weniger deutlich.
  3. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten auf der Karte einzuzeichnen, mit welchem Fortbewegungsmittel und auf welchen Wegen sie das Markthallenareal durchqueren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass das Winkelsträsschen, die Farbgasse (Richtung West-Ost) sowie der Marktplatz als Verbindung dazwischen am häufigsten frequentiert werden (dunkelrot). Die davon weiterführenden Teile des Marktplatzes Richtung Nordosten und Südwesten werden ebenfalls relativ häufig genutzt (rot).
  4. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten auf der Karte einzuzeichnen, mit welchem Fortbewegungsmittel und auf welchen Wegen sie das Markthallenareal durchqueren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass das Winkelsträsschen, die Farbgasse (Richtung West-Ost) sowie der Marktplatz als Verbindung dazwischen am häufigsten frequentiert werden (dunkelrot). Die davon weiterführenden Teile des Marktplatzes Richtung Nordosten und Südwesten werden ebenfalls relativ häufig genutzt (rot).
  5. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten auf der Karte einzuzeichnen, mit welchem Fortbewegungsmittel und auf welchen Wegen sie das Markthallenareal durchqueren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass das Winkelsträsschen, die Farbgasse (Richtung West-Ost) sowie der Marktplatz als Verbindung dazwischen am häufigsten frequentiert werden (dunkelrot). Die davon weiterführenden Teile des Marktplatzes Richtung Nordosten und Südwesten werden ebenfalls relativ häufig genutzt (rot).
  6. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten auf der Karte einzuzeichnen, mit welchem Fortbewegungsmittel und auf welchen Wegen sie das Markthallenareal durchqueren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass das Winkelsträsschen, die Farbgasse (Richtung West-Ost) sowie der Marktplatz als Verbindung dazwischen am häufigsten frequentiert werden (dunkelrot). Die davon weiterführenden Teile des Marktplatzes Richtung Nordosten und Südwesten werden ebenfalls relativ häufig genutzt (rot).
  7. dito Die Teilnehmenden wurden gebeten auf der Karte einzuzeichnen, mit welchem Fortbewegungsmittel und auf welchen Wegen sie das Markthallenareal durchqueren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass das Winkelsträsschen, die Farbgasse (Richtung West-Ost) sowie der Marktplatz als Verbindung dazwischen am häufigsten frequentiert werden (dunkelrot). Die davon weiterführenden Teile des Marktplatzes Richtung Nordosten und Südwesten werden ebenfalls relativ häufig genutzt (rot).
  8. Durch die Stadt Langenthal wurden angeschrieben bzw. zur Teilnahme an der Befragung eingeladen: 834 Haushalte (H) 524 Geschäfte/Betriebe (G/B) 30 Verwaltungsmitarbeitende Der Rücklauf beträgt: 234 Haushalt (37% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 66 Geschäfte/Betriebe (26% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 72 Haushalte &amp; Geschäfte/Betriebe gemeinsam 14 Verwaltung (47%) Die Angaben zur eigenen Person wurden nicht von allen Teilnehmenden ausgefüllt. Dementsprechend sind Aussagen zur Stichprobe nur begrenzt möglich. Die folgenden Ergebnisse und Tabellen geben dennoch einen Eindruck über die Merkmale der befragten Personen.
  9. Durch die Stadt Langenthal wurden angeschrieben bzw. zur Teilnahme an der Befragung eingeladen: 834 Haushalte (H) 524 Geschäfte/Betriebe (G/B) 30 Verwaltungsmitarbeitende Der Rücklauf beträgt: 234 Haushalt (37% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 66 Geschäfte/Betriebe (26% - inkl. H&amp;G/B gemeinsam) 72 Haushalte &amp; Geschäfte/Betriebe gemeinsam 14 Verwaltung (47%) Die Angaben zur eigenen Person wurden nicht von allen Teilnehmenden ausgefüllt. Dementsprechend sind Aussagen zur Stichprobe nur begrenzt möglich. Die folgenden Ergebnisse und Tabellen geben dennoch einen Eindruck über die Merkmale der befragten Personen.