Phantom limb pain

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Phantom Limb Pain
PATRICIA TOMAS SABATER
Nurse Resident of Primary Care
Tutor: Isabelle Mattei
Health Center: Son Serra – ...

Phantom limb pain. Introduction
• Ambrose Pare, a 16th century French military
surgeon: Described the concept of phantom
l...

Phantom limb pain. Introduction
Now, in 2015…
It continues to remain a poorly understood
and difficult to treat medical co...

Phantom limb pain. Introduction
• May be present in up to 70-80% of patients subjected
to amputation because of trauma or ...

THEORIES

Pharmacologic Treatment
A systematic review of the literature3
indicates
that further research is needed, as no level 1
ev...

Non Pharmacological Treatment
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation (TENS )
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT )
- M...

Factors that relieve pain and phantom
sensations4
• Pulling the stump,
• Lifting the stump above the level of gravity,
• A...

Mirror Therapy1
• Was first reported by Ramachandran and Rogers-
Ramachandran in 1996 and is suggested to help PLP by
reso...

Mirror Therapy
• Consequently, since the activation of these mirror
neurons modulates somatosensory inputs, their
activati...

LATEST RESEARCH. FEBRUARY 2014
How can we help a patient who has both
limbs amputated?
Or
A patient who has shown resistan...

MYOELECTRIC PATTERN
RECOGNITION5
• Recently, virtual reality (VR) has
been employed as a more
sophisticated mirror therapy...

CONCLUSIONS
There is still no one unifying theory relative to the
mechanism of PLP. Specific mechanism-based
treatments ar...

REFERENCES
1. Subedi B., Grossberg GT. Review Article. PhantomLimb Pain: Mechanisms
and Treatment Approaches. Hindawi Publ...

THANK YOU

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