Este documento resume un estudio que examinó la relación entre la apoptosis neuronal inducida por el etanol y la proteína BAX en ratones jóvenes. Los resultados mostraron que el etanol genera muerte neuronal a través de la ruta intrínseca de apoptosis regulada por BAX y la caspasa 3. Ratones sin BAX mostraron protección contra la apoptosis inducida por el etanol.
Este documento proporciona una introducción a la nanotecnología, incluyendo su definición, historia e implicaciones. Explica que la nanotecnología involucra el control y manipulación de la materia a una escala de 1 a 100 nanómetros, y que a esta escala los fenómenos físicos y químicos son diferentes que a escalas mayores. También describe algunas aplicaciones potenciales de la nanotecnología en medicina, medio ambiente y otros campos.
LA QUIMICA Y LA INGENIERIA QUIMICA EN RELACION CON OTRAS DISCIPLINAS(PAPER)Tania Miranda
El documento describe el origen y desarrollo de la Ingeniería Química. Comenzó a fines del siglo XIX cuando se dieron cuenta que el diseño de plantas químicas requería conocimientos tanto de química como de ingeniería. Uno de los pioneros fue Georges Edwards Davis, quien en 1887 analizó los procesos químicos como una serie de operaciones simples. Esto sentó las bases para el desarrollo de la Ingeniería Química como disciplina académica a principios del siglo XX.
Este documento presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la contaminación antropogénica del agua en las Albuferas de Medio Mundo. El estudio analizó parámetros como oxígeno disuelto, pH, sólidos disueltos, nitratos, cloruros, dureza y turbidez en 5 muestras. Los resultados mostraron niveles elevados de contaminación, especialmente de cloruros, nitratos y dureza, debido a actividades agrícolas, industriales y residenciales cercanas. El estudio concluye
Este documento resume un proyecto que aplica las leyes de la hidrostática e hidrodinámica para explicar el funcionamiento de un reservorio elevado de agua potable que abastece viviendas en Lima, Perú. El proyecto calcula la velocidad, presión y caudal del agua en diferentes puntos de la red de distribución utilizando ecuaciones como la de Bernoulli. El objetivo es asegurar el correcto abastecimiento de agua a la población considerando factores como la sobrepoblación en Lima y la necesidad de implementar servicios b
La bioingeniería combina la ingeniería y la medicina para resolver problemas biológicos y médicos. Aplica principios de ingeniería a la comprensión y resolución de problemas médicos, como el desarrollo de prótesis y dispositivos médicos. Algunas áreas clave son la biomecánica, bioinstrumentación, biomateriales e ingeniería clínica. La bioingeniería tiene el objetivo de mejorar la salud humana a través de nuevas tecnologías e innovaciones.
Este documento resume un estudio que examinó la relación entre la apoptosis neuronal inducida por el etanol y la proteína BAX en ratones jóvenes. Los resultados mostraron que el etanol genera muerte neuronal a través de la ruta intrínseca de apoptosis regulada por BAX y la caspasa 3. Ratones sin BAX mostraron protección contra la apoptosis inducida por el etanol.
Este documento proporciona una introducción a la nanotecnología, incluyendo su definición, historia e implicaciones. Explica que la nanotecnología involucra el control y manipulación de la materia a una escala de 1 a 100 nanómetros, y que a esta escala los fenómenos físicos y químicos son diferentes que a escalas mayores. También describe algunas aplicaciones potenciales de la nanotecnología en medicina, medio ambiente y otros campos.
LA QUIMICA Y LA INGENIERIA QUIMICA EN RELACION CON OTRAS DISCIPLINAS(PAPER)Tania Miranda
El documento describe el origen y desarrollo de la Ingeniería Química. Comenzó a fines del siglo XIX cuando se dieron cuenta que el diseño de plantas químicas requería conocimientos tanto de química como de ingeniería. Uno de los pioneros fue Georges Edwards Davis, quien en 1887 analizó los procesos químicos como una serie de operaciones simples. Esto sentó las bases para el desarrollo de la Ingeniería Química como disciplina académica a principios del siglo XX.
Este documento presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la contaminación antropogénica del agua en las Albuferas de Medio Mundo. El estudio analizó parámetros como oxígeno disuelto, pH, sólidos disueltos, nitratos, cloruros, dureza y turbidez en 5 muestras. Los resultados mostraron niveles elevados de contaminación, especialmente de cloruros, nitratos y dureza, debido a actividades agrícolas, industriales y residenciales cercanas. El estudio concluye
Este documento resume un proyecto que aplica las leyes de la hidrostática e hidrodinámica para explicar el funcionamiento de un reservorio elevado de agua potable que abastece viviendas en Lima, Perú. El proyecto calcula la velocidad, presión y caudal del agua en diferentes puntos de la red de distribución utilizando ecuaciones como la de Bernoulli. El objetivo es asegurar el correcto abastecimiento de agua a la población considerando factores como la sobrepoblación en Lima y la necesidad de implementar servicios b
La bioingeniería combina la ingeniería y la medicina para resolver problemas biológicos y médicos. Aplica principios de ingeniería a la comprensión y resolución de problemas médicos, como el desarrollo de prótesis y dispositivos médicos. Algunas áreas clave son la biomecánica, bioinstrumentación, biomateriales e ingeniería clínica. La bioingeniería tiene el objetivo de mejorar la salud humana a través de nuevas tecnologías e innovaciones.
This document discusses the annotation of the Kif3C gene from the fruit fly Drosophila biarmipes using bioinformatics tools and comparisons to the gene in Drosophila melanogaster. The Kif3C gene was annotated from fosmid 66 of D. biarmipes and found to contain 5 exons between bases 17,150 and 23,800. The start and stop codons were identified as ATG and TAA, respectively. A comparison with the Kif3C gene in D. melanogaster found 34.4% identity between the sequences.
This study aims to characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana to better understand auxin production. Over 100,000 seedlings were screened to identify mutants with auxin-deficient phenotypes. One mutant, 2-93, showed dramatic reduction in ethylene response and reduced root growth. 2-93 has a recessive mutation that causes auxin deficiency and loss of root meristem integrity. The researchers are using genetic mapping to determine the chromosomal location of the causal mutation in 2-93, which may help identify new genes involved in auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing Auxin Biosynthetic Mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana - PosterNicole Colon
This study aims to characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana to better understand auxin production. The researchers screened over 100,000 mutant seedlings and identified 2,100 putative auxin biosynthetic mutants, including line 2-93. Line 2-93 exhibits auxin deficiency phenotypes like reduced root growth and loss of apical hooks. It shows a dramatic reduction in ethylene response. Genetic mapping of 2-93 is being used to locate the causal mutation and advance understanding of auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing Auxin Biosynthetic Mutants in Arabidopsis thalianaNicole Colon
This study aims to characterize genes involved in the auxin biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The study performed an EMS mutagenesis screen of over 100,000 plants expressing the DR5:GFP auxin response reporter to identify mutants with altered auxin responses. Several hundred putative mutants were identified and further characterized. One mutant, called 2-93, showed recessive, ethylene-insensitive phenotypes. Genetic mapping placed the 2-93 mutation on a chromosome. Further experiments aim to identify the specific gene disrupted in 2-93 to gain new insights into auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing auxin biosynthetic mutants in arabidopsis thaliana - First PaperNicole Colon
This study characterized the 2-93 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana, which enhances the auxin deficient phenotype of the wei8 mutant. The 2-93 mutant displayed reduced ethylene response and root meristem activity. Genetic analysis determined the 2-93 mutation was recessive. Marker analysis linked the causal mutation to chromosome 2, though further testing is needed. Characterization of the 2-93 mutant will advance understanding of auxin biosynthesis through the tryptophan-dependent pathway.
Literature review - Characterizing auxin biosynthetic mutants in arabidopsis ...Nicole Colon
This study aims to better understand auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana by identifying genes involved in its pathways. Auxin is a phytohormone that controls many plant processes, and maintaining its balance is important for development. Several pathways have been proposed for auxin biosynthesis, including tryptophan-dependent and tryptophan-independent routes, but they are not fully understood. This research will characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in A. thaliana to identify missing genes and learn more about how plants regulate auxin levels.
During the semester, Rise students attended seminars from various universities to increase their knowledge in fields like neuroscience and drug delivery. The speakers shared their experiences as researchers and encouraged students to work hard and take chances to achieve their dreams of becoming scientists. The seminars helped students grow as scientists by learning new techniques and being interviewed for summer research internships. Overall, the seminars provided valuable knowledge and guidance that will help students in their future scientific careers.
Dr. Ronald Redwing gave an introduction to nanotechnology at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He defined nanotechnology as controlling atoms and molecules, and presented examples of nanoparticles and nanoorganisms. He described potential applications in medicine, faster devices, and self-assembled structures.
Dr. John Spitsbergn presented his research on neurotrophic factor expression in disease models. He studied hypertension responses in rats and mice using exercise and tail flick tests. The results showed salt sensitive rats developed higher blood pressure than non-salt sensitive rats. Several treatment methods were discussed.
Sr. Rosario delivered a presentation on novel biodegradable polymer drug delivery systems at UPR Cayey. Polymer drugs
Dr. Ronald Redwing gave an introduction to nanotechnology at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He defined nanotechnology as controlling atoms and molecules, and presented examples of nanoparticles and nanoorganisms. He described potential applications in medicine, faster devices, and self-assembled structures.
Dr. John Spitsbergn presented his research on neurotrophic factor dynamics in animal disease models at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He studied hypertension responses in rats and mice using exercise and tail flick tests. Salt sensitive rats developed higher blood pressure than non-salt sensitive rats. Several treatment methods were discussed.
Sr. Rosario delivered a presentation on novel biodegradable polymer drug delivery systems at the
Cluster classification of mycobacteriophages isolated from tropical soils of ...Nicole Colon
Mycobacteriophages were isolated from soils in Puerto Rico and classified into clusters using PCR and gel electrophoresis. Phage DNA was amplified with cluster-specific primers and analyzed on gels. One phage, Phagus_Maximus, was classified as belonging to Cluster B2 based on a 500 base pair band. The clusters of other phages could not be determined due to ambiguous or absent bands, requiring new primers or DNA preparation. Classifying bacteriophages aids in understanding their evolution and biological processes.
This document describes a study that aimed to classify mycobacteriophages isolated from soils in Puerto Rico into clusters based on their genomes. Several mycobacteriophages were tested using PCR with cluster-specific primers and gel electrophoresis. Phagius_Maximus was classified into Cluster B2, while Colbert and Puhltonio were classified into Cluster B1. Ghost and LRR Hood were classified into Cluster C1, and Pumpkin was classified into Cluster E. Further experiments are needed to classify Suave, Bloo, and Wilie using additional cluster-specific primers. The results provide insights into mycobacteriophage evolution and classification.
This study examines using metabolite profiling to detect recurrent breast cancer through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). These techniques are used to analyze serum samples and identify putative biomarkers, which are then validated through supervised and unsupervised methods. The supervised method determines if cancer is present, while the unsupervised method detects clusters. This metabolite profiling approach provides a more sensitive detection method than mammography and blood tests and could significantly help increase breast cancer survival rates if applied in clinical practice.
Proteomics uses mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography to analyze protein content and discover biomarkers for diseases like cancer. Mass spectrometry extracts proteomes from samples, separates molecules by polarity, and identifies thousands of proteins. However, mass spectrometry alone is inefficient for biomarker discovery as it only detects all proteins present without identifying clinically relevant proteins or providing quantitative accuracy. Improving techniques to more precisely identify disease-specific proteins could enable early detection and treatment of various illnesses.
Glioblastoma multiform is the most common primary brain tumor in humans. These tumors contain cancer stem cells that are responsible for tumor growth and development into different cell types. Mutations in growth factor signaling pathways and loss of tumor suppressor genes like p53 are critical for the transformation and growth of malignant gliomas. Cancer stem cells share properties with normal stem cells, such as self-renewal and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation, which allows them to regenerate tumors after treatment. This article provides insight into glioblastoma formation and motivation to find strategies targeting resistant cancer stem cells.
This study aimed to determine if wind affects the rate of transpiration in Centaurea cyanus plants. Using a potometer setup, the transpiration rates of plants with and without an applied air current were measured every 3 minutes for 30 minutes. The results showed that the plant exposed to wind had a 68% higher transpiration rate compared to the control plant without wind. This supports the hypothesis that wind increases transpiration by blowing away humid air at the leaf surface and replacing it with drier air, accelerating the evaporation of water from the plant.
This study aimed to determine if wind affects the transpiration rate of Centaurea cyanus plants. Using a potometer to measure water uptake, one plant was exposed to an air current from a fan while the other served as a control without wind. The results showed that the plant with the fan had a 68% higher transpiration rate and water absorption compared to the control. This supports the hypothesis that wind increases transpiration by removing humid air from the leaf surface and accelerating the evaporation of water.
hormonal influence in endometriosis paperNicole Colon
This document discusses hormonal influences in endometriosis. It explains that several hormones such as estrogen, growth hormone releasing hormone, and gonadotropic hormones like LH and FSH are involved in the development of endometriosis and treatments. Hormone treatments are commonly used to reduce pain caused by endometriosis by targeting these hormonal factors. GnRH agonists are particularly effective clinical treatments that work by reducing estrogen levels.
This document discusses the hormonal influence on endometriosis, specifically examining the roles of estrogen, growth hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, and gonadotropic hormones such as LH and FSH. It explains that several hormones have been implicated in the development and progression of endometriosis. The most common hormonal treatment for endometriosis is gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists, which induce a pseudo-menopause state to reduce endometrial growth and pain.
Studies have shown that growth hormone and growth hormone releasing hormone may play a role in the progression of endometriosis by promoting endometrial cell proliferation. GnRH agonists help reduce proliferation and pain by inhibiting the effects of hormones involved in ovulation and inflammation. While the exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, retrograde menstruation and genetic factors may play a part. Common symptoms include severe pelvic pain and infertility in 30% of women with the condition.
Growth hormone releasing hormone and growth hormone may promote endometrial proliferation and play a role in the progression of endometriosis. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists decrease cell proliferation in endometrial tissues and are an effective clinical treatment for reducing endometriosis pain. Studies on hormonal influences can help further understanding of endometriosis and lead to improved treatment and potential cures.
This document discusses the annotation of the Kif3C gene from the fruit fly Drosophila biarmipes using bioinformatics tools and comparisons to the gene in Drosophila melanogaster. The Kif3C gene was annotated from fosmid 66 of D. biarmipes and found to contain 5 exons between bases 17,150 and 23,800. The start and stop codons were identified as ATG and TAA, respectively. A comparison with the Kif3C gene in D. melanogaster found 34.4% identity between the sequences.
This study aims to characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana to better understand auxin production. Over 100,000 seedlings were screened to identify mutants with auxin-deficient phenotypes. One mutant, 2-93, showed dramatic reduction in ethylene response and reduced root growth. 2-93 has a recessive mutation that causes auxin deficiency and loss of root meristem integrity. The researchers are using genetic mapping to determine the chromosomal location of the causal mutation in 2-93, which may help identify new genes involved in auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing Auxin Biosynthetic Mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana - PosterNicole Colon
This study aims to characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana to better understand auxin production. The researchers screened over 100,000 mutant seedlings and identified 2,100 putative auxin biosynthetic mutants, including line 2-93. Line 2-93 exhibits auxin deficiency phenotypes like reduced root growth and loss of apical hooks. It shows a dramatic reduction in ethylene response. Genetic mapping of 2-93 is being used to locate the causal mutation and advance understanding of auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing Auxin Biosynthetic Mutants in Arabidopsis thalianaNicole Colon
This study aims to characterize genes involved in the auxin biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The study performed an EMS mutagenesis screen of over 100,000 plants expressing the DR5:GFP auxin response reporter to identify mutants with altered auxin responses. Several hundred putative mutants were identified and further characterized. One mutant, called 2-93, showed recessive, ethylene-insensitive phenotypes. Genetic mapping placed the 2-93 mutation on a chromosome. Further experiments aim to identify the specific gene disrupted in 2-93 to gain new insights into auxin biosynthesis.
Characterizing auxin biosynthetic mutants in arabidopsis thaliana - First PaperNicole Colon
This study characterized the 2-93 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana, which enhances the auxin deficient phenotype of the wei8 mutant. The 2-93 mutant displayed reduced ethylene response and root meristem activity. Genetic analysis determined the 2-93 mutation was recessive. Marker analysis linked the causal mutation to chromosome 2, though further testing is needed. Characterization of the 2-93 mutant will advance understanding of auxin biosynthesis through the tryptophan-dependent pathway.
Literature review - Characterizing auxin biosynthetic mutants in arabidopsis ...Nicole Colon
This study aims to better understand auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana by identifying genes involved in its pathways. Auxin is a phytohormone that controls many plant processes, and maintaining its balance is important for development. Several pathways have been proposed for auxin biosynthesis, including tryptophan-dependent and tryptophan-independent routes, but they are not fully understood. This research will characterize auxin biosynthetic mutants in A. thaliana to identify missing genes and learn more about how plants regulate auxin levels.
During the semester, Rise students attended seminars from various universities to increase their knowledge in fields like neuroscience and drug delivery. The speakers shared their experiences as researchers and encouraged students to work hard and take chances to achieve their dreams of becoming scientists. The seminars helped students grow as scientists by learning new techniques and being interviewed for summer research internships. Overall, the seminars provided valuable knowledge and guidance that will help students in their future scientific careers.
Dr. Ronald Redwing gave an introduction to nanotechnology at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He defined nanotechnology as controlling atoms and molecules, and presented examples of nanoparticles and nanoorganisms. He described potential applications in medicine, faster devices, and self-assembled structures.
Dr. John Spitsbergn presented his research on neurotrophic factor expression in disease models. He studied hypertension responses in rats and mice using exercise and tail flick tests. The results showed salt sensitive rats developed higher blood pressure than non-salt sensitive rats. Several treatment methods were discussed.
Sr. Rosario delivered a presentation on novel biodegradable polymer drug delivery systems at UPR Cayey. Polymer drugs
Dr. Ronald Redwing gave an introduction to nanotechnology at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He defined nanotechnology as controlling atoms and molecules, and presented examples of nanoparticles and nanoorganisms. He described potential applications in medicine, faster devices, and self-assembled structures.
Dr. John Spitsbergn presented his research on neurotrophic factor dynamics in animal disease models at the University of Puerto Rico in Cayey. He studied hypertension responses in rats and mice using exercise and tail flick tests. Salt sensitive rats developed higher blood pressure than non-salt sensitive rats. Several treatment methods were discussed.
Sr. Rosario delivered a presentation on novel biodegradable polymer drug delivery systems at the
Cluster classification of mycobacteriophages isolated from tropical soils of ...Nicole Colon
Mycobacteriophages were isolated from soils in Puerto Rico and classified into clusters using PCR and gel electrophoresis. Phage DNA was amplified with cluster-specific primers and analyzed on gels. One phage, Phagus_Maximus, was classified as belonging to Cluster B2 based on a 500 base pair band. The clusters of other phages could not be determined due to ambiguous or absent bands, requiring new primers or DNA preparation. Classifying bacteriophages aids in understanding their evolution and biological processes.
This document describes a study that aimed to classify mycobacteriophages isolated from soils in Puerto Rico into clusters based on their genomes. Several mycobacteriophages were tested using PCR with cluster-specific primers and gel electrophoresis. Phagius_Maximus was classified into Cluster B2, while Colbert and Puhltonio were classified into Cluster B1. Ghost and LRR Hood were classified into Cluster C1, and Pumpkin was classified into Cluster E. Further experiments are needed to classify Suave, Bloo, and Wilie using additional cluster-specific primers. The results provide insights into mycobacteriophage evolution and classification.
This study examines using metabolite profiling to detect recurrent breast cancer through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). These techniques are used to analyze serum samples and identify putative biomarkers, which are then validated through supervised and unsupervised methods. The supervised method determines if cancer is present, while the unsupervised method detects clusters. This metabolite profiling approach provides a more sensitive detection method than mammography and blood tests and could significantly help increase breast cancer survival rates if applied in clinical practice.
Proteomics uses mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography to analyze protein content and discover biomarkers for diseases like cancer. Mass spectrometry extracts proteomes from samples, separates molecules by polarity, and identifies thousands of proteins. However, mass spectrometry alone is inefficient for biomarker discovery as it only detects all proteins present without identifying clinically relevant proteins or providing quantitative accuracy. Improving techniques to more precisely identify disease-specific proteins could enable early detection and treatment of various illnesses.
Glioblastoma multiform is the most common primary brain tumor in humans. These tumors contain cancer stem cells that are responsible for tumor growth and development into different cell types. Mutations in growth factor signaling pathways and loss of tumor suppressor genes like p53 are critical for the transformation and growth of malignant gliomas. Cancer stem cells share properties with normal stem cells, such as self-renewal and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation, which allows them to regenerate tumors after treatment. This article provides insight into glioblastoma formation and motivation to find strategies targeting resistant cancer stem cells.
This study aimed to determine if wind affects the rate of transpiration in Centaurea cyanus plants. Using a potometer setup, the transpiration rates of plants with and without an applied air current were measured every 3 minutes for 30 minutes. The results showed that the plant exposed to wind had a 68% higher transpiration rate compared to the control plant without wind. This supports the hypothesis that wind increases transpiration by blowing away humid air at the leaf surface and replacing it with drier air, accelerating the evaporation of water from the plant.
This study aimed to determine if wind affects the transpiration rate of Centaurea cyanus plants. Using a potometer to measure water uptake, one plant was exposed to an air current from a fan while the other served as a control without wind. The results showed that the plant with the fan had a 68% higher transpiration rate and water absorption compared to the control. This supports the hypothesis that wind increases transpiration by removing humid air from the leaf surface and accelerating the evaporation of water.
hormonal influence in endometriosis paperNicole Colon
This document discusses hormonal influences in endometriosis. It explains that several hormones such as estrogen, growth hormone releasing hormone, and gonadotropic hormones like LH and FSH are involved in the development of endometriosis and treatments. Hormone treatments are commonly used to reduce pain caused by endometriosis by targeting these hormonal factors. GnRH agonists are particularly effective clinical treatments that work by reducing estrogen levels.
This document discusses the hormonal influence on endometriosis, specifically examining the roles of estrogen, growth hormone, growth hormone releasing hormone, and gonadotropic hormones such as LH and FSH. It explains that several hormones have been implicated in the development and progression of endometriosis. The most common hormonal treatment for endometriosis is gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists, which induce a pseudo-menopause state to reduce endometrial growth and pain.
Studies have shown that growth hormone and growth hormone releasing hormone may play a role in the progression of endometriosis by promoting endometrial cell proliferation. GnRH agonists help reduce proliferation and pain by inhibiting the effects of hormones involved in ovulation and inflammation. While the exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, retrograde menstruation and genetic factors may play a part. Common symptoms include severe pelvic pain and infertility in 30% of women with the condition.
Growth hormone releasing hormone and growth hormone may promote endometrial proliferation and play a role in the progression of endometriosis. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists decrease cell proliferation in endometrial tissues and are an effective clinical treatment for reducing endometriosis pain. Studies on hormonal influences can help further understanding of endometriosis and lead to improved treatment and potential cures.