With unparalleled good looks and design versatility, brick, stone, tile, and other masonry materials are among the top choices of architects and designers for projects of both traditional and contemporary design aesthetics. But beyond its beauty, masonry provides many benefits that may not be as immediately apparent. This program looks at masonry's ease of construction, its adaptability to site conditions, and its ability to meet an ambitious construction schedule. It addresses masonry's simultaneous performance as a structural system, high performance building envelope component, and attractive exterior cladding. The seminar also talks about masonry's fire resistance, durability, and low maintenance characteristics, as well as the sustainable attributes it provides in the areas of indoor environmental quality, materials and resources, and energy efficiency. Finally, the program addresses in detail the life cycle cost benefits of masonry, and what goes into training an abundant skilled workforce of qualified bricklayers and contractors.
2. International Union International
of Bricklayers and Masonry
Allied Craftworkers Institute
LIFELONG LEARNING
Pre-job and apprentice training
Journeyman upgrade training
Safety, scaffold, OSHA training
Craftworker
certification training
Supervisor certification
Sustainable Masonry
Certification Program
Contractor College
3. International Union International
of Bricklayers and Masonry
Allied Craftworkers Institute
BAC CONTRACTORS
IMI-TRAINED CRAFTWORKERS
5. BENEFITS OF BUILDING WITH MASONRY
Beauty
Versatility of Design
Contextual / Relatable
Ease of Construction
Structural
Fire & Impact Resistant
Durable / Low Maintenance
Economical
Sustainable
Energy Efficient
High Performance
Acoustic
Qualified Local Labor
9. DESIGN VERSATILITY: BONDING PATTERNS
RUNNING BOND STACKED BOND COMMON BOND (AMERICAN BOND)
ENGLISH BOND FLEMISH BOND ENGLISH CROSS BOND
1/3 BOND (UTILITY BRICK) GARDEN WALL
24. AND IF YOU THINK OF BRICK,
FOR INSTANCE
AND YOU SAY TO BRICK,
“WHAT DO YOU WANT,
BRICK?”
AND BRICK SAYS TO YOU
“I LIKE AN ARCH”
AND IF YOU SAY TO BRICK,
“LOOK, ARCHES ARE EXPENSIVE.
CAN I USE A CONCRETE
LINTEL OVER YOU?
WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THAT?
BRICK?
BRICK SAYS:
I LIKE AN ARCH
- LOUIS I. KHAN
33. DESIGN VERSATILITY: MORTAR JOINTS
18%
18.00% MORTAR 12%
12.21% MORTAR
ONE SQUARE FOOT ONE SQUARE FOOT
MODULAR BRICK, RUNNING BOND UTILITY BRICK, RUNNING BOND
BED JOINTS 4 @ 12” x 3/8” = 18.000 SQ. IN.
HEAD JOINTS 8 @ 2.3125” x 3/8” = 6.938 SQ. IN. 3 @ 12” x 3/8” = 13.500 SQ. IN.
2 @ 1.3125” x 3/8” = 0.984 SQ. IN. 3 @ 3.625” x 3/8” = 4.078 SQ. IN.
25.922 SQ. IN. MORTAR 17.578 SQ. IN. MORTAR
ELEVATIONS MORTAR JOINT MATERIAL TAKEOFF
DIAGRAM 01.410.0311 REV. 08/10/09
52. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: ADAPTABILITY OF UNITS
Masonry is adaptable to inconsistencies and field changes
53. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: HEIGHT LIMITATIONS
“It is generally better to have all the panels near-
ly the same height, and less than 30 feet high.”
-Tilt-Up Concrete Association
With proper support, masonry walls
can reach great heights
55. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION:
WINDOW AND DOOR LIMITATIONS
“Openings must be located a minimum Place openings virtually anywhere in
distance from the panel edge of 1/8 the a masonry wall.
eave height or 2 feet, whichever is less.”
-Tilt-Up Concrete Association
56. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: SITE CONSTRAINTS
Tilt-Up concrete requires relatively flat
terrain, away from power lines, ditches,
other buildings, railroad tracks, and other
obstructions that could limit crane access.
Masonry is right at home on sites
-Tilt-Up Concrete Association that are tight and difficult to access
57. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: SEQUENCING
Crane access and braces can impede tilt-up construction until roof
diaphragm is attached
58. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: SEQUENCING
Masonry work can begin as soon as footings are installed
59. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION: SEQUENCING
Bricklayers work from scaffold outside the building, rarely interfering
with other trades
60. EASE OF CONSTRUCTION:
COLD WEATHER CONSIDERATIONS
Since tilt-up walls are cast outdoors, Masonry can easily be constructed
pouring and curing becomes difficult when temperatures are below freezing
and expensive when temperatures if cold-weather procedures are
drop below freezing. followed.
97. MASONRY FOR SUSTAINABILITY
SUSTAINABILITY:
“Meeting the needs of the
present without compromising
the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.”
ASTM E 2114-06a, “Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to
the Performance of Buildings,” Vol. 4.12, ASTM International, West
Conshohocken, PA, 2006
98. FACILITY LIFE CYCLE
Facility evaluation may
identify needs that lead
to expansion, remodel-
ing, renovation, or
restoration of an
existing facility to
accommodate growth
or changes in function;
or may result in
abandonment,
deconstruction, sale, or
adaptive reuse of an
existing facility.
Project Resource Manual – CSI Manual of Practice
99. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN TOPICS
www.aia.org FAQs
Q: What topics are considered as Sustainable Design topics?
A:
Active Solar Thermal Systems Energy-Saving Appliances and Safety and Security Systems
Alternative Energy Equipment (defensive planting, innovative
Alternative Transportation Environmental Education design, defensive space)
Appropriate Size and Growth Geoexchange Smart Controls
Biomimicry Green Roofs Space Zoning
Building Form High-Efficiency Equipment Staff Training (tech. training, only)
Building Monitoring Indoor Environmental Quality Sun Shading
Building Orientation Integrated Project Delivery Systems Commissioning
Carbon Offsets Life Cycle Assessment Systems Tune-Up
Cavity Walls for Insulating Airspace Mass Absorption Thermal Bridging
Co-Generation Material Selection and Embodied Total Building Commissioning
Conserving Systems and Equipment Energy Vegetation for Sun Control
Contract Documents Natural Ventilation Walkable Communities
(related to sustainable design) Open, Active, Daylit Space Waste-Heat Recovery
Construction Waste Management Passive Solar Collection Opportunities Water Conservation
Cool Roofs Photovoltaics Windows and Openings
Deconstruction and Salvage Prefabrication Green Specifications
Materials Preservation/Reuse of Existing Zoning, regulatory, codes
Daylighting Facilities
Earth Sheltering Radiant Heating and Cooling
Efficient Artificial Lighting Renewable Energy Resources
Efficient Site Lighting Systems Rightsizing Equipment
Energy Modeling
Energy Source Ramifications
100. SUSTAINABLE DESIGN TOPICS
www.aia.org FAQs
Q: What topics are considered as Sustainable Design topics?
A:
Active Solar Thermal Systems Energy-Saving Appliances and Safety and Security Systems
Alternative Energy Equipment (defensive planting, innovative
Alternative Transportation Environmental Education design, defensive space)
Appropriate Size and Growth Geoexchange Smart Controls
Biomimicry Green Roofs Space Zoning
Building Form High-Efficiency Equipment Staff Training (tech. training, only)
Building Monitoring Indoor Environmental Quality Sun Shading
Building Orientation Integrated Project Delivery Systems Commissioning
Carbon Offsets Life Cycle Assessment Systems Tune-Up
Cavity Walls for Insulating Airspace Mass Absorption Thermal Bridging
Co-Generation Material Selection and Embodied Total Building Commissioning
Conserving Systems and Equipment Energy Vegetation for Sun Control
Contract Documents Natural Ventilation Walkable Communities
(related to sustainable design) Open, Active, Daylit Space Waste-Heat Recovery
Construction Waste Management Passive Solar Collection Opportunities Water Conservation
Cool Roofs Photovoltaics Windows and Openings
Deconstruction and Salvage Prefabrication Green Specifications
Materials Preservation/Reuse of Existing Zoning, regulatory, codes
Daylighting Facilities
Earth Sheltering Radiant Heating and Cooling
Efficient Artificial Lighting Renewable Energy Resources
Efficient Site Lighting Systems Rightsizing Equipment
Energy Modeling
Energy Source Ramifications
101. SUSTAINABLE SITES LEED v. 3
Potential
contribution
of masonry
5 points
1 point
1 point
1 point
1 point
1 point
26 24 28 10 points
102. ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE LEED v. 3
Potential
contribution
of masonry
19 points
35 points 33 points 37 points 19 points
104. INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LEED v. 3
Potential
contribution
of masonry
1 point
1 point
1 point
1 point
1 point
1 point
5 points, NC
1 point 6 points, SCHOOLS
4 points, CS
15 23 12
107. MR CREDIT 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 BUILDING REUSE
MATERIALS & RESOURCES
Case Study: Walsh Construction Headquarters,
Chicago, IL
108. MR CREDIT 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 BUILDING REUSE
Walsh Construction Headquarters, Chicago, IL
Common brick facade removed. New face brick installed on
existing concrete structure.
109. MR CREDIT 3.1 & 3.2 MATERIAL REUSE
MATERIALS & RESOURCES
Walsh Construction Headquarters, Chicago, IL
Common brick from facade is preserved and cleaned.
110. MR CREDIT 3.1 & 3.2 MATERIAL REUSE
MATERIALS & RESOURCES
Walsh Construction Headquarters, Chicago, IL
Common brick used as interior finish at corridor walls
and elevator lobbies.
116. ENERGY EFFICIENCY
R-Value is the resistance to heat flow.
HEAT heat
Thermal mass, or the
heat storage ability of the wall,
is not considered in the R-Value.
heat HEAT
117. MASS WALLS
Exterior insul., Exterior mass,
interior mass interior insulation
Exterior mass, Exterior insul.,
core insulation, core mass,
interior mass interior insulation
“Masonry or concrete walls having a mass greater than or equal to
30 lb/ft2 are defined by IECC and ASHRAE 90.1 as massive walls.”
119. THERMAL MASS BENEFITS
ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE
6-HR LAG
2-HR LAG
DAMPING
HEAT
GAINS
HEAT
LOSSES
3AM 6AM 9AM 12PM 3PM 6PM 9PM 12AM
Source: National Concrete Masonry Association
139. ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE
Acoustic CMUs can provide sound control for a better indoor learning and
working environment
Much like a car muffler, the closed-end cavities resonate sound waves and
convert them harmlessly to heat
144. WE WOULD TAKE THAT
DESPISED OUTCAST OF THE
BUILDING INDUSTRY
THE CONCRETE BLOCK
OUT FROM UNDERFOOT,
FROM THE GUTTER
FIND HITHERTO
UNSUSPECTED SOUL IN IT
MAKE IT LIVE AS A
THING OF BEAUTY
TEXTURED LIKE THE TREES.
YES, THE BUILDING WOULD
BE MADE OF THE BLOCKS
AS A KIND OF TREE ITSELF
STANDING AT HOME
AMONG THE OTHER TREES
IN ITS OWN NATIVE LAND.
- FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT
173. BENEFITS OF BUILDING WITH MASONRY
Beauty
Versatility of Design
Contextual / Relatable
Ease of Construction
Structural
Fire & Impact Resistant
Durable / Low Maintenance
Economical
Sustainable
Energy Efficient
High Performance
Acoustic
Qualified Local Labor
174. THEREFORE WHEN WE BUILD,
LET US THINK THAT WE BUILD FOR EVER.
LET IT NOT BE FOR PRESENT DELIGHT,
NOR FOR PRESENT USE ALONE;
LET IT BE SUCH WORK AS
OUR DESCENDANTS WILL THANK US FOR.
AND LET US THINK
AS WE LAY STONE UPON STONE,
THAT A TIME IS TO COME
WHEN THOSE STONES WILL BE HELD SACRED
BECAUSE OUR HANDS HAVE TOUCHED THEM,
AND THAT MEN WILL SAY
AS THEY LOOK UPON THE LABOUR
AND WROUGHT SUBSTANCE OF THEM,
“SEE! THIS OUR FATHERS DID FOR US.”
John Ruskin, 1849 The Seven Lamps of Architecture
175. International Union International
of Bricklayers and Masonry
Allied Craftworkers Institute
BAC CONTRACTORS
IMI-TRAINED CRAFTWORKERS