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PED210:ADVANCE ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
FISCAL MANAGEMENT
Discussant: SOZIL M. PENARANDA
Master in Physical Education
DISCUSSANT
DR. RESSURECCION M. MARCELO
PROFESSOR
1
WHAT IS FISCAL?
RELATING TO FINANCIAL MATTERS,
ESPECIALLY GOVERNEMENT TAX
REVENUES AND GOVERNMENT
EXPENDITURE AND DEBT.
______________________________________________________________________
2
What is ………………….
FISCAL MANAGEMENT?
Is the process of keeping an
organization running efficiently within
its allotted budget.
“Seeing to it that the school has funds it requires
to meet its goals and that such funds are used
for the purposes for which they were meant”.
3
AREAS OF FISCAL MANAGEMENT
THE PROCUREMENT OF FUNDS
ALLOCATION OF FUNDS
MONITORING THEIR USE IN THE INTEREST OF
ACCOUNTABILITY
PRODUCING FINANCIAL REPORTS FOR THE
RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS
4
The term BUDGET means ....
The BUDGETING PROCESS
Bowgette (Middle English word)
Bouget (Middle French word)
Bouge (means leather bag)
Bulga (Latin word ...meaning bag or purse)
“BOUGET” was used by the King’s
treasurer, the exchequer, to carry documents
explaining the king’s fiscal needs.
5
Professor Philip E. Taylor (1961)
“ The budget is the master plan of
government. It brings together
estimates of anticipated revenues and
proposed expenditures, implying the
schedule of activities to be undertaken
and the means of financing those
activities.”
6
The BUDGETING PROCESS
1.BUDGET PREPARATION
2.BUDGET AUTHORIZATION/LEGISLATION
3.BUDGET EXECUTION, and
4.BUDGET ACCOUNTABILITY/REVIEW
During the preparation phase, the Executive prepares the
proposed National Budget. This is followed by the legislation
phase where the Congress authorizes the General
Appropriations Act. In the execution phase, agencies utilize
their approved budgets and during the accountability phase,
the executive monitors and evaluates the use of the budget.
7
1. BUDGET PREPARATION
INVOLVES THE FORMULATION OF
ESTIMATES OF REVENUES AND
EXPENDITURES BY THE EXECUTIVE
DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES. IN
PREPARING THE ANNUAL BUDGET
PROPOSAL,THE SAID DEPARTMENT
MAKES AN ESTIMATION OF
GOVERNMNENT REVENUES. IT THEN
DETERMINES THE BUDGET PRIORITIES
WITHIN AVAILABLE REVENUES AND
BORROWING LIMITS. FINALLY, IT
TRANSLATES THESE APPROVED
PRIORITIES INTO EXPENDITURES.
8
9
2. BUDGET LEGISLATION
THIS PERTAINS TO THE WHOLE
RANGE OF LEGISLATIVE ACTION
ON THE BUDGET, LEADING TO
THE ENACTMENT OF A
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS
LAW FOR THE YEAR. THE
PHILIPPINE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES FIRST
CONDUCTS
HEARINGS/DEBATES ON THE
BUDGET. 10
2. BUDGET LEGISLATION
THE HOUSE THEN
APPROVES THE BUDGET,
FOR SUBMISSION TO THE
SENATE OF THE
PHILIPPINES. SENATE
HEARINGS AND DEBATES
ARE CONDUCTED ON THE
BUDGET WHICH IS
FINALLY APPROVED.
11
2. BUDGET LEGISLATION
A BICAMERAL CONFERENCE
COMMITTEE COMPOSED OF
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE
PHILIPPINE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES AND THE
SENATE IN CONVENED. AFTER
APPROVAL BY THE BICAMERAL
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE, THE
PRESIDENT ENACTS THE BUDGET
WHICH IS KNOWN AS THE
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS ACT 12
3. BUDGET EXECUTION
COVERS THE ALLOTMENT OF
APPROPRIATIONS BY THE
CENTRAL BUDGET AUTHORITY
TO, AND THE INCURRENCE OF
OBLIGATIONS BY, THE SPENDING
DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES
OF GOVERNMENT.
THE STEPS IN THE EXECUTION
OF THE BUDGET ARE:
13
3. BUDGET EXECUTION
THE STEPS IN THE EXECUTION OF THE
BUDGET ARE:
a. RELEASE OF THE FUNDS BY THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND
MANAGEMENT (DBM)
b. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VARIOUS PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES
BY THE DIFFERENT AGENCIES:
i. Involves the formulation of allotment and cash programs
ii. An Agency Budget Matrix (ABM) is prepared
iii. The ABM is validated or confirmed for corrections and
accuracy
iv. The General Allotment Release Order(GARO/SARO)/Notice
of Cash Allotment is released (NCA)
v. Government Programs/Projects/Activities can now be
implemented due to fund release.
14
4. BUDGET ACCOUNTABILITY/REVIEW
THIS INVOLVED THE REPORTING OF ACTUAL
PERFORMANCES AGAINST PLANS OR TARGETS, AND IT
INVOLVES THE FOLLOWING PROCESS:
a. MONITORING OF AGENCY BUDGETARY
PERFORMANCE
b. COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF ACTUAL
PERFORMANCE WITH THE INITIALLY-APPROVED
WORK TARGETS.
c. A SUMMARY LIST OF CHECKS ISSUED IS SUBMITTED
ON A MONTHLY BASIS
d. PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL REPORT OF OPERATIONS IS
SUBMITTED ON A QUARTERLY BASIS IN THE FORM OF
A TRIAL BALANCE
15
BUDGETING IN
EDUCATION
BUDGET PREPARATION GUIDELINES
TYPICALLY ARE PREPARED BY THE
ASSISTANT-SUPERINTENDENT FOR
BUSINESS AND FINANCE OR BY AN
EMPLOYEE WITH SIMILAR RESPONSIBILITIES,
SUCH AS A CHIEF BUSINESS OFFICIAL OR A
BUDGET ADMINISTRATOR,WITH DIRECTION
FROM THE SCHOOL BOARD, THE
SUPERINTENDENT, AND OTHER DISTRICT
AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS. 16
PROCEDURES AND STEPS IN PREPARING
THE EDUCATION BUDGET:
 PREPARING THE RECURRENT BUDGET
A. PERSONNEL SERVICES
1. SALARY AND WAGES
2. LUMP SUM FOR NEW POSITIONS
3. LONGEVITY PAY
4. COST OF LIVING ALLOWANCE (PERA)
5. SALARY FOR SUBSTITUTE TEACHERS
6. PROVISION OF ERF
7. FIXED EXPENDITURES(PAG-IBIG)
8. TERMINAL LEAVE BENEFITS
B. MAINTENANCE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES (MOOE)
C. APPROVAL OF FIVE-YEAR INVESTMENT PROGRAM
- ONCE APPROVED IT BECOME THE BASIS FOR THE
ALLOCATION....LOCALLY GENERATED RESOURCES,
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
17
MOOE
MAINTENANCE AND
OTHER OPERATING
EXPENSES
18
WHAT IS MOOE?
 THE MAINTENANCE AND OTHER
OPERATING EXPENSES(MOOE) IS
THE ALLOCATED FUNDS FOR
PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND
SECONDARY SCHOOLS THAT CAN
BE SPENT ON ACTIVITIES AND
NECESSITIES THAT SUPPORT
LEARNING PROGRAMS AND HELP
MAINTAIN A SAFE AND HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT IN SCHOOLS 19
A.) JOINT CIRCULAR No. 2004-1
Department of Budget and
Management (DBM) and DepEd
dated January 01, 2004
“Guidelines on the Direct Release of
Funds to DepEd – Regional Offices and
Implementing Units”
20
B.) SECTION 10, R.A. No.9155
(Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001)
Which provides that the appropriations
intended for regional & field offices
(elementary/secondary schools and
schools division offices) are to be
allocated directly and released
immediately by the DBM to the said
offices 21
C.) DepEd Order No. 13, s. 2016
Implementing Guidelines On
The Direct Release and Use of
Maintenance and Other
Operating Expenses (MOOE)
Allocations of Schools,
including other funds managed
by schools
22
DepEd Order No. 13, s.2016, the
MOOE annually allocated to
public elementary and secondary
schools must be utilized to:
1.) Procure school supplies
and other consumables for
teachers and students
deemed necessary in the
conduct of classes
23
2.) Pay for reproduction of teacher-
made activity sheets or exercises
downloaded from the Learning
Resource Management and
Development System(LDRMS);
3.) Fund minor repairs of
facilities, building and grounds
maintenance and upkeep of
school;
24
4.) Fund rental and minor repairs of
tools and equipment deemed
necessary for the conduct of teaching
and learning activities;
5.) Pay for wages of full-time
janitorial,
transportation/mobility and
security services;
25
6.) Pay for school utilities-electricity and
water and communication(telephone
and internet connectivity expenses);
7.) Support expenses for school-based
training and activities selected or
designed to improve learning
outcomes, such as but not limited to,
Learning Action Cells(LAC) and
Continuous Improvement(CI) sessions;
26
8.) Support special curricular
programs(e.g. Advocacy, assessment,
capacity building, learning environment,
learner environment, and research);
9.)Fund activities as identified in the
approved School Improvement
Plan(SIP) for the implementation in the
current year and as specifically
determined in the Annual
Implementation Plan (AIP) of the school
27
10.) Finance expenses pertaining to
graduation rites, moving up or closing
ceremonies and recognition activities;
11.) Procure small capital expenditure
items worth P15,000 and below, as
provided in the new Government
Accounting Manual issued by the
Commission on Audit(COA) and
subject to separate guidelines to be
issued by DepEd
28
In 2018, the MOOE may see an
increase of up to P347.723M,
which will also aim to cover
the teachers’ annual physical
exam(APE)
SOURCE: Philippine Information
Agency portal
29
30
31
Source
of fund
of
MOOE
32
From DBM
DEPED CENTRAL OFFICE
REGIONAL OFFICE
DIVISION OFFICE
33
FIDUCIARY FUNDS
IS USED IN GOVERNMENTAL
ACCOUNTING TO REPORT ON
ASSETS HELD IN TRUST FOR
OTHERS
34
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR
FIDUCIARY FUNDS
 Statement of fiduciary net position
 Statement of changes in fiduciary net position
WHEN FINANCIAL STATEMENT ARE PREPARED FOR
FIDUCIARY FUNDS, THEY ARE PRESENTED USING THE
ECONOMIC RESOURCES MEASUREMENT AND THE
ACCRUAL BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
Recognize revenues in the reporting period they are
earned
Recognize expenses in the reporting period they are
incurred
35
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR
FIDUCIARY FUNDS
Use the statement of fiduciary net position
to report:
•Assets
•Deferred outflows of resources
•Liabilities
•Deferred inflows of resources
•Fiduciary net position of pension (and other employee
benefit) trust funds, investment trust funds,
private-purpose trust funds and custodial funds
36
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR
FIDUCIARY FUNDS
• additions to and deductions from pension (and other
employee benefit) trust funds, investment trust funds, private-
purpose trust funds and custodial funds.
• to disaggregate additions by source including a separate
display (if applicable) for:
Investment earnings
Investment costs (including investment management
fees, custodial fees and all other significant investment-
related costs)
Net investment earnings (investment earnings minus
investment costs)
Use the statement of CHANGES fiduciary net position to report
37
38
Financial Accounting
is the field of accounting concerned with the
summary, analysis and reporting of financial
transactions related to a business
This involves the preparation of financial
statements available for public
use. Stockholders, suppliers, banks, employe
es, government agencies, business owners,
and other stakeholders
THANK YOU !
References:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fiscal
https://wisegeek.com/what is fiscal management.htm
https://www.etymonline.com/word/budget
Philippine Information Agency portal
39

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FISCAL MANAGEMENT

  • 1. PED210:ADVANCE ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FISCAL MANAGEMENT Discussant: SOZIL M. PENARANDA Master in Physical Education DISCUSSANT DR. RESSURECCION M. MARCELO PROFESSOR 1
  • 2. WHAT IS FISCAL? RELATING TO FINANCIAL MATTERS, ESPECIALLY GOVERNEMENT TAX REVENUES AND GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE AND DEBT. ______________________________________________________________________ 2
  • 3. What is …………………. FISCAL MANAGEMENT? Is the process of keeping an organization running efficiently within its allotted budget. “Seeing to it that the school has funds it requires to meet its goals and that such funds are used for the purposes for which they were meant”. 3
  • 4. AREAS OF FISCAL MANAGEMENT THE PROCUREMENT OF FUNDS ALLOCATION OF FUNDS MONITORING THEIR USE IN THE INTEREST OF ACCOUNTABILITY PRODUCING FINANCIAL REPORTS FOR THE RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS 4
  • 5. The term BUDGET means .... The BUDGETING PROCESS Bowgette (Middle English word) Bouget (Middle French word) Bouge (means leather bag) Bulga (Latin word ...meaning bag or purse) “BOUGET” was used by the King’s treasurer, the exchequer, to carry documents explaining the king’s fiscal needs. 5
  • 6. Professor Philip E. Taylor (1961) “ The budget is the master plan of government. It brings together estimates of anticipated revenues and proposed expenditures, implying the schedule of activities to be undertaken and the means of financing those activities.” 6
  • 7. The BUDGETING PROCESS 1.BUDGET PREPARATION 2.BUDGET AUTHORIZATION/LEGISLATION 3.BUDGET EXECUTION, and 4.BUDGET ACCOUNTABILITY/REVIEW During the preparation phase, the Executive prepares the proposed National Budget. This is followed by the legislation phase where the Congress authorizes the General Appropriations Act. In the execution phase, agencies utilize their approved budgets and during the accountability phase, the executive monitors and evaluates the use of the budget. 7
  • 8. 1. BUDGET PREPARATION INVOLVES THE FORMULATION OF ESTIMATES OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES BY THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES. IN PREPARING THE ANNUAL BUDGET PROPOSAL,THE SAID DEPARTMENT MAKES AN ESTIMATION OF GOVERNMNENT REVENUES. IT THEN DETERMINES THE BUDGET PRIORITIES WITHIN AVAILABLE REVENUES AND BORROWING LIMITS. FINALLY, IT TRANSLATES THESE APPROVED PRIORITIES INTO EXPENDITURES. 8
  • 9. 9
  • 10. 2. BUDGET LEGISLATION THIS PERTAINS TO THE WHOLE RANGE OF LEGISLATIVE ACTION ON THE BUDGET, LEADING TO THE ENACTMENT OF A GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS LAW FOR THE YEAR. THE PHILIPPINE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FIRST CONDUCTS HEARINGS/DEBATES ON THE BUDGET. 10
  • 11. 2. BUDGET LEGISLATION THE HOUSE THEN APPROVES THE BUDGET, FOR SUBMISSION TO THE SENATE OF THE PHILIPPINES. SENATE HEARINGS AND DEBATES ARE CONDUCTED ON THE BUDGET WHICH IS FINALLY APPROVED. 11
  • 12. 2. BUDGET LEGISLATION A BICAMERAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE COMPOSED OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PHILIPPINE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND THE SENATE IN CONVENED. AFTER APPROVAL BY THE BICAMERAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE, THE PRESIDENT ENACTS THE BUDGET WHICH IS KNOWN AS THE GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS ACT 12
  • 13. 3. BUDGET EXECUTION COVERS THE ALLOTMENT OF APPROPRIATIONS BY THE CENTRAL BUDGET AUTHORITY TO, AND THE INCURRENCE OF OBLIGATIONS BY, THE SPENDING DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES OF GOVERNMENT. THE STEPS IN THE EXECUTION OF THE BUDGET ARE: 13
  • 14. 3. BUDGET EXECUTION THE STEPS IN THE EXECUTION OF THE BUDGET ARE: a. RELEASE OF THE FUNDS BY THE DEPARTMENT OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT (DBM) b. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VARIOUS PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES BY THE DIFFERENT AGENCIES: i. Involves the formulation of allotment and cash programs ii. An Agency Budget Matrix (ABM) is prepared iii. The ABM is validated or confirmed for corrections and accuracy iv. The General Allotment Release Order(GARO/SARO)/Notice of Cash Allotment is released (NCA) v. Government Programs/Projects/Activities can now be implemented due to fund release. 14
  • 15. 4. BUDGET ACCOUNTABILITY/REVIEW THIS INVOLVED THE REPORTING OF ACTUAL PERFORMANCES AGAINST PLANS OR TARGETS, AND IT INVOLVES THE FOLLOWING PROCESS: a. MONITORING OF AGENCY BUDGETARY PERFORMANCE b. COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF ACTUAL PERFORMANCE WITH THE INITIALLY-APPROVED WORK TARGETS. c. A SUMMARY LIST OF CHECKS ISSUED IS SUBMITTED ON A MONTHLY BASIS d. PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL REPORT OF OPERATIONS IS SUBMITTED ON A QUARTERLY BASIS IN THE FORM OF A TRIAL BALANCE 15
  • 16. BUDGETING IN EDUCATION BUDGET PREPARATION GUIDELINES TYPICALLY ARE PREPARED BY THE ASSISTANT-SUPERINTENDENT FOR BUSINESS AND FINANCE OR BY AN EMPLOYEE WITH SIMILAR RESPONSIBILITIES, SUCH AS A CHIEF BUSINESS OFFICIAL OR A BUDGET ADMINISTRATOR,WITH DIRECTION FROM THE SCHOOL BOARD, THE SUPERINTENDENT, AND OTHER DISTRICT AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS. 16
  • 17. PROCEDURES AND STEPS IN PREPARING THE EDUCATION BUDGET:  PREPARING THE RECURRENT BUDGET A. PERSONNEL SERVICES 1. SALARY AND WAGES 2. LUMP SUM FOR NEW POSITIONS 3. LONGEVITY PAY 4. COST OF LIVING ALLOWANCE (PERA) 5. SALARY FOR SUBSTITUTE TEACHERS 6. PROVISION OF ERF 7. FIXED EXPENDITURES(PAG-IBIG) 8. TERMINAL LEAVE BENEFITS B. MAINTENANCE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES (MOOE) C. APPROVAL OF FIVE-YEAR INVESTMENT PROGRAM - ONCE APPROVED IT BECOME THE BASIS FOR THE ALLOCATION....LOCALLY GENERATED RESOURCES, NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 17
  • 19. WHAT IS MOOE?  THE MAINTENANCE AND OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES(MOOE) IS THE ALLOCATED FUNDS FOR PUBLIC ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS THAT CAN BE SPENT ON ACTIVITIES AND NECESSITIES THAT SUPPORT LEARNING PROGRAMS AND HELP MAINTAIN A SAFE AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT IN SCHOOLS 19
  • 20. A.) JOINT CIRCULAR No. 2004-1 Department of Budget and Management (DBM) and DepEd dated January 01, 2004 “Guidelines on the Direct Release of Funds to DepEd – Regional Offices and Implementing Units” 20
  • 21. B.) SECTION 10, R.A. No.9155 (Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001) Which provides that the appropriations intended for regional & field offices (elementary/secondary schools and schools division offices) are to be allocated directly and released immediately by the DBM to the said offices 21
  • 22. C.) DepEd Order No. 13, s. 2016 Implementing Guidelines On The Direct Release and Use of Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) Allocations of Schools, including other funds managed by schools 22
  • 23. DepEd Order No. 13, s.2016, the MOOE annually allocated to public elementary and secondary schools must be utilized to: 1.) Procure school supplies and other consumables for teachers and students deemed necessary in the conduct of classes 23
  • 24. 2.) Pay for reproduction of teacher- made activity sheets or exercises downloaded from the Learning Resource Management and Development System(LDRMS); 3.) Fund minor repairs of facilities, building and grounds maintenance and upkeep of school; 24
  • 25. 4.) Fund rental and minor repairs of tools and equipment deemed necessary for the conduct of teaching and learning activities; 5.) Pay for wages of full-time janitorial, transportation/mobility and security services; 25
  • 26. 6.) Pay for school utilities-electricity and water and communication(telephone and internet connectivity expenses); 7.) Support expenses for school-based training and activities selected or designed to improve learning outcomes, such as but not limited to, Learning Action Cells(LAC) and Continuous Improvement(CI) sessions; 26
  • 27. 8.) Support special curricular programs(e.g. Advocacy, assessment, capacity building, learning environment, learner environment, and research); 9.)Fund activities as identified in the approved School Improvement Plan(SIP) for the implementation in the current year and as specifically determined in the Annual Implementation Plan (AIP) of the school 27
  • 28. 10.) Finance expenses pertaining to graduation rites, moving up or closing ceremonies and recognition activities; 11.) Procure small capital expenditure items worth P15,000 and below, as provided in the new Government Accounting Manual issued by the Commission on Audit(COA) and subject to separate guidelines to be issued by DepEd 28
  • 29. In 2018, the MOOE may see an increase of up to P347.723M, which will also aim to cover the teachers’ annual physical exam(APE) SOURCE: Philippine Information Agency portal 29
  • 30. 30
  • 31. 31
  • 33. From DBM DEPED CENTRAL OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE DIVISION OFFICE 33
  • 34. FIDUCIARY FUNDS IS USED IN GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING TO REPORT ON ASSETS HELD IN TRUST FOR OTHERS 34
  • 35. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR FIDUCIARY FUNDS  Statement of fiduciary net position  Statement of changes in fiduciary net position WHEN FINANCIAL STATEMENT ARE PREPARED FOR FIDUCIARY FUNDS, THEY ARE PRESENTED USING THE ECONOMIC RESOURCES MEASUREMENT AND THE ACCRUAL BASIS OF ACCOUNTING Recognize revenues in the reporting period they are earned Recognize expenses in the reporting period they are incurred 35
  • 36. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR FIDUCIARY FUNDS Use the statement of fiduciary net position to report: •Assets •Deferred outflows of resources •Liabilities •Deferred inflows of resources •Fiduciary net position of pension (and other employee benefit) trust funds, investment trust funds, private-purpose trust funds and custodial funds 36
  • 37. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR FIDUCIARY FUNDS • additions to and deductions from pension (and other employee benefit) trust funds, investment trust funds, private- purpose trust funds and custodial funds. • to disaggregate additions by source including a separate display (if applicable) for: Investment earnings Investment costs (including investment management fees, custodial fees and all other significant investment- related costs) Net investment earnings (investment earnings minus investment costs) Use the statement of CHANGES fiduciary net position to report 37
  • 38. 38 Financial Accounting is the field of accounting concerned with the summary, analysis and reporting of financial transactions related to a business This involves the preparation of financial statements available for public use. Stockholders, suppliers, banks, employe es, government agencies, business owners, and other stakeholders
  • 39. THANK YOU ! References: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fiscal https://wisegeek.com/what is fiscal management.htm https://www.etymonline.com/word/budget Philippine Information Agency portal 39

Notas del editor

  1. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fiscal
  2. https://wisegeek.com/what is fiscal management.htm
  3. https://www.etymonline.com/word/budget
  4. https://www.etymonline.com/word/budget