Colombia 20140326 v1

Colombia and IBM:
Partnering for 21C Skills
Dr. James C. (“Jim”) Spohrer
IBM Innovation Champion & Director, IBM Global University Programs
San Jose, CA, USA, March 26, 2014

Topics (via Catalina Rengifo)
• Collaboration on Skills (Main focus…)
• Engineering Enrollment (Mention…)
• Royalties and Revenue for Investment
• Reading Companion (ESL & IBM CC&CA)

Talent
National Innovation Initiative
Investment Infrastructure
 Develop a
diverse, world
class, next-
generation of
innovators
 Establish a National
Innovation Prize
 Make the US a
magnet for the best
global talent
 Help markets place
top value on long-
term innovation
strategies
 Establish incentives
to increase early-
stage investment in
small-business
innovation
 Invest to accelerate
innovation in the
services economy
 Create world-class
infrastructures, includin
g
transportation, informat
ion, healthcare and
energy
 Drive regulatory and
legal systems to better
support innovation and
entrepreneurship
 Build a system that
protects the rewards of
IP, but that also
encourages open
collaboration
Establish innovation metrics for the knowledge economy, not the industrial economy
(From Nick Donofrio, IBM SVP Retired)

© 2009 IBM Corporation
Commission on the Future of Higher Education
Among the Findings …
“Government and institutional
policies created during a
different era are impeding
the expansion of models
designed to meet the
nation’s workforce needs”

Developing T-Shaped People
Science and Engineering
Math and Operations Research
Computer Science & Info. Systems
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Business and Management
Economics and Social Sciences
Business Anthropology
Organizational Change & Learning

Energy
Building a Smarter Planet
To Address the World’s Most Pressing Issues
Transport
Hunger
Environment
Healthcare

“If nothing changes, nothing changes.”

Cybersecurity Solutions:
Next Generation Infrastructure
for a Smarter Planet
Cloud
Social
Internet of Things
Mobile

Partnering for Skills
Marisa Viveros,
VP Cybersecurity
Innovation
Dianne Fodell,
Program Exec
Skills for 21st C
Nanci Knight,
Academic
Initiatives
(Western Region)

Key Question: Knowledge Half-Life
• What percentage of a companies product and service
offerings to customers change every year?
• What percentage of the courses that students get change
every year?

© 2014 IBM Corporation12
Global University Programs
1.Research (Collaboration)
2.Readiness (Skills)
3.Recruiting (Jobs)
4.Revenue (Solutions)
5.Responsibility (Volunteers)
6.Regions (Smarter Cities, Startups and Workforce)
Faculty Awards
Shared University Research Awards
Open Collaborative Research Awards
PhD Fellowships
Student Contests
Partnership Executive
Program (PEP)

We Leverage Large Community of IBMers Who Influence Universities
 300 University Partnership Executives; 140 in U.S.
 300 Client Reps + 300 Managers Assigned to Universities with PEPs
 500 members of the Global University Programs Team
 University Technical Partnership Executives – being assigned now
 150 University Technical Advocates assigned to key universities
 1500 Members of University Ambassador Community
 275 Members of University Recruiting Community
 1150 Members of IBM on Campus Community
 1000 Technical Leaders in Academy of Technology

University Programs Experience Creating Skills Programs
 Service Science – 2005
 Smarter Planet, Smarter Cities – 2009
 Business Analytics - 2010
 Data Management, Data Science – 2011
 Cyber Security – 2012
 Cloud Computing -2012
 Digital Marketing – 2013
 Cognitive Computing - 2014

Successful University Programs Require
 Information: Resources for Faculty and Students
• Software
• Watson in the Cloud
• Developer Cloud (clone BP platform for universities)
• Corlet Programming Language
• Watson front end to Wikipedia (Thunderstone)
• Hardware
• Simulators
• Books, Articles, Journals
• Case Studies
• Student Projects
• Online games
• Online courses
 Interaction:
• Subject Matter Experts to Work with Faculty
• Mentors, Student Challenges, and projects
 Investment: Funds for Research and Faculty Awards and PhD Fellowships

T-Shaped People:
Next Generation Adaptive Innovators
for a Smarter Planet
Many disciplines
Many sectors
Many regions/cultures
(understanding & communications)
Deepinonesector
Deepinoneregion/culture
Deepinonediscipline
“No one knows everything, but a well-chosen team of T-shapes has empathy to learn anything.”

Inspired by the function, power, and volume of the organic brain, IBM is
developing TrueNorth, a novel modular, scalable, non-von
Neumann, ultra-low power, cognitive computing architecture.
TrueNorth consists of a scalable network of neurosynaptic cores, with
each core containing neurons, dendrites, synapses, and axons. To set
sail for TrueNorth, IBM developed Compass, a multi-
threaded, massively parallel functional simulator and a parallel compiler
that maps a network of long-distance pathways in the macaque monkey
brain to TrueNorth.
IBM and LBNL demonstrated near-perfect weak scaling on a 16 rack IBM
Blue Gene/Q (262,144 processor cores, 256 TB memory), achieving an
unprecedented scale of 256 million neurosynaptic cores containing 65
billion neurons and 16 trillion synapses running only 388 slower than
real time with an average spiking rate of 8.1 Hz. By using emerging
PGAS communication primitives, IBM also demonstrated 2 better real-
time performance over MPI primitives on a 4 rack Blue Gene/P (16384
processor cores, 16 TB memory). Here is PDF of final paper.
NEW NEWS: Since submitting the camera ready copy, using 96 Blue
Gene/Q racks of the Lawrence Livermore National Lab Sequoia
supercomputer (1,572,864 processor cores, 1.5 PB memory, 98,304 MPI
processes, and 6,291,456 threads), IBM and LBNL achieved an
unprecedented scale of 2.084 billion neurosynaptic cores containing
53x1010 neurons and 1.37x1014 synapses running only 1542 slower
than real time. Here is PDF of IBM Research Report, RJ 10502.
1014 on November 14, 2012

3/26/2014
© IBM 2013 IBM University Programs
worldwide accelerating regional
development (IBM UPward)
19

20
What are the trends?
Digital Immigrant
Born: 1990
Graduated College: 2014
Digital Native
Born: 2014
Enters College: 2032

21
Transportation: Self-driving cars
Steve Mahan:
Test “Driver”

23
Manufacturing: Circular Economy
Ryan Chin:
Urban Mobility
Baxter: Building the Future
Maker-Bot: Replicator 2

25
Technology: Cognitive Computing

26
26
Example: Leading Through Connections with…
Universities Collaborate with IBM Research to Design Watson
for the Grand Challenge of Jeopardy !
Assisted in the development of the Open
Advancement of Question-Answering Initiative
(OAQA) architecture and methodology
Pioneered an online natural language question
answering system called START, which provided the
ability to answer questions with high precision using
information from semi-structured and structured
information repositories
Worked to extend the
capabilities of Watson, with a
focus on extensive common sense
knowledge
Focused on large-scale
information
extraction, parsing, and
knowledge inference
technologies
Worked on a visualization component to visually
explain to external audiences the massively parallel
analytics skills it takes for the Watson computing
system to break down a question and formulate a
rapid and accurate response to rival a human brain
 Provided technological advancement enabling a
computing system to remember the full
interaction, rather than treating every question like
the first one - simulating a real dialogue
Explored advanced machine learning
techniques along with rich text
representations based on syntactic and
semantic structures for the Watson’s
optimization
Worked on information retrieval
and text search technologies
http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2011/02/chq_watson_wrapup.html

27
Buildings: Circular Economy
China Broad Group:
30 Stories in 15 Days

28
Retail & Hospitality: Social Media

30
Health: Robotics & 3D Printing

31
Education: Challenge-Based Sport

32
Government: Parameterized Meta-Rules
• Innovativeness
• Equity
– Improve
weakest
link
• Sustainability
• Resiliency

33
Competitive Parity – Achieved.
• The NFL touts parity—the idea
that any team can win on any
given Sunday. But this year,
parity has truly run wild.
• Through six weeks, 11 of the
NFL's 32 teams are 3-3.
• The Journal asked the statistical
gurus of Massey-Peabody
Analytics to run a coin-flip
simulation…

34
2030 and Beyond…. Government, Health, Education, Finance, etc.

3/26/2014
35

Jim Spohrer, IBM
• Dr. James (“Jim”) C. Spohrer is IBM Innovation
Champion and Director of IBM University Programs
(IBM UP). Jim works to align IBM and universities
globally for innovation amplification. Previously, Jim
helped to found IBM’s first Service Research
group, the global Service Science community, and
was founding CTO of IBM’s Venture Capital Relations
Group in Silicon Valley. During the 1990’s while at
Apple Computer, he was awarded Apple’s
Distinguished Engineer Scientist and Technology title
for his work on next generation learning
platforms. Jim has a PhD in Computer
Science/Artificial Intelligence from Yale, and BS in
Physics from MIT. His current research priorities
include applying service science to study
nested, networked holistic service systems, such as
cities and universities. He has more than ninety
publications and been awarded nine patents.

3/26/2014
37
IBM operates in 170 countries
around the globe
Acquisitions contribute significantly
to IBM’s growth ; ~120 acquisitions in
last decade
2012 Financials
Revenue - $ 104.5B
Net Income - $ 17.6B
EPS - $ 15.25 (10 yrs of
EPS d/digit growth)
 Net Cash - $18.2B
24% of IBMs revenue in
Growth Market countries;
growing at 7% ( @cc) in
2012
Number 1 in patent
generation for 20
consecutive years ;
6,478 US patents
awarded in 2012
More than 40% of IBMs
workforce does
business away from an
office
5 Nobel Laureates10 time winner of the
President’s National
Medal of Technology &
Innovation – latest for
LASIK laser refractive
surgical techniques
The Smartest Machine On Earth
100 Years of Business &
Innovation in 2011
New Era in IBM’s Leadership
IBM Growth Initiatives
IBM has
~425,000
employees
worldwide
Context: IBM 101

3/26/2014
38

40
Those in-the-know say, “IBM is helping to build a Smarter Planet…”

41
Smarter Planet = Smarter “Service” Systems
INSTRUMENTED
We now have the ability to
measure, sense and see
the exact condition of
practically everything.
INTERCONNECTED
People, systems and objects
can communicate and
interact with each other in
entirely new ways.
INTELLIGENT
We can respond to changes
quickly and accurately,
and get better results
by predicting and optimizing
for future events.
WORKFORCE
PRODUCTS
SUPPLY CHAIN
COMMUNICATIONS
TRANSPORTATION BUILDINGS
IT NETWORKS

42
Land-population-energy-carbon
Carlo Ratti:
Senseable Cities

IBM Platforms for Entrepreneurs
• Smarter Cities Intelligent Operations Center Platform
• IBM Watson & Cognitive Computing Platform
• IBM UP helping university startups to scale-up (growth)
3/26/2014
45

Welcome to the new age of
platform technologies and
smarter service systems
for every sector of
business and society
nested, networks systems

National Science Foundation
A feature of a service system is the
participation and cooperation of the customer
in the service and its delivery. A service system
then requires an integration of knowledge and
technologies from a range of disciplines, often
including engineering, computer science, social
science, behavioral science, and cognitive
science, paired with market knowledge to
increase its social benefit.
Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno

Holistic Service Systems (HSS)
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48
http://www.service-science.info/archives/1056
Nation
State/Province
City/Region
University
College
K-12
Cultural &
Conference
Hotels
Hospital
Medical
Research
Worker
(professional)
Family
(household)
For-profits:
Business Entrepreneurship
Non-profits
Social Entrepreneurship
U-BEE
Job Creator/Sustainer
U-BEEs = University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystems
“The future is already
here (at universities),
it is just not evenly
distributed.”
“The best way to
predict the future
is to (inspire the next
generation of students
to) build it better.”
“Multilevel nested,
networked
holistic service
systems (HSS)
that provision
whole service (WS) to
the people inside them.
WS includes
flows (transportation,
water, food, energy, com
development (buildings,
retail ,finance, health,
education),
and governance (city,
state, nation). ”
University Four Missions
1. Learning
2. Discovery
3. Engagement
4. Integration

Universities Matter #1
3/26/2014
49
Japan
China
Germany
France
United KingdomItaly
Russia SpainBrazil
Canada
India
Mexico AustraliaSouth Korea
NetherlandsTurkey
Sweden
y = 0,7489x + 0,3534
R² = 0,719
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
%globalGDP
% top 500 universities
Nation’s % WW GDP and % Top 500 Universities (2009 Data)

3/26/2014
50
…But it can be costly, American student loan debt is over $900M

3/26/2014
51
“When we combined the impact of Harvard’s direct spending on payroll, purchasing and construction – the
indirect impact of University spending – and the direct and indirect impact of off-campus spending by Harvard
students – we can estimate that Harvard directly and indirectly accounted for nearly $4.8 billion in economic
activity in the Boston area in fiscal year 2008, and more than 44,000 jobs.”

52
What are the trends?
Digital Immigrant
Born: 1988
Graduated College: 2012
Digital Native
Born: 2012
Enters College: 2030

53
Technology: Cognitive Computing

54
Education: Challenge-Based Sport

Why ISSIP? T-shapes for
Teamwork
• Our world is becoming more
interconnected and complex
• Yet most organizations
operate is silos
• Most professional
organizations do a great job
of focusing on one
discipline, function, or
industry sector
ISSIP is a professional society designed
to focus on the interconnected nature
of value co-creation for smart service
systems (tech, biz, social, etc.)
BREADTH
DEPTH
T-Shape
professionals can
innovate across
traditional
boundaries

ISSIP Ambassadors
• More than 15 Ambassadors
and growing…
• Link ISSIP to other
professional
associations, research
centers, conferences, etc.
• Help ISSIP co-sponsor
activities in other conferences
more...
http://www.issip.org/learningcenter/valuen
twork/

Service Systems Fundamental Abstraction of Service Science:
ISSIP portal to Disciplines (23), Professional Associations (39), Journals (20), Conferences (31), Workshops (7)
IBM SSME Centennial Icon of Progress
Discipline Association
Marketing AMA
Operations
Research
INFORMS
Information
Systems
AIS
Computer Science
and Engineering
ACM, IEEE
Human Factors AHFE
Operations
Management
POMS
Systems Science ISSS
Design SDN
Systems
Engineering
IIE
… …
Serviceology SfS

The Well-Read Service Scientist
(The top 300 papers – together over 100,000 citations)
• http://service-science.info/archives/2708

Service-Dominant Logic
Prof. Stephen VARGO Prof. Robert LUSCH
Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2004). Evolving to a
new dominant logic for marketing. Journal of
marketing, 1-17. (Oct. 2013, ~4500 citations)
Claude Frédéric Bastiat David Ricardo Colin Clark Richard Normann John Riordan

Service Thinking
Saperstein & Hastings: Book, Course, ISSIP Certificate
All value is co-created
Service systems we live and work in
Componentized business architecture
Global-mobile-social scalable platforms
Run-Transform-Innovate
Multi-sided metrics
CVC Group, LLC 60

61
“Order of Magnitude” Observation:
Modeling Holistic Service Systems
Level AKA ~No. People ~No. Entities Example
0. Individual Person 1 10,000,000,000 Jim
1. Family Household 10 1,000,000,000 Spohrer’s
2.Neighborhood Street 100 100,000,000 Kensington
3. Community Block 1000 10,000,000 Bird Land
4. Urban-Zone District 10,000 1,000,000 SC Unified
5. Urban-Center City 100,0000 100,000 Santa Clara
6.Metro-Region County 1,000,000 10,000 SC County
7. State Province 10,000,000 1,000 CA
8. Nation Country 100,000,000 100 USA
9. Continent Union 1,000,000,000 10 NAFTA
10. Planet World 10,000,000,000 1 UN

3/26/2014
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