The document discusses the different parts of speech in English language. It defines nouns as words that name people, places, things, or ideas. It describes 11 types of nouns including common, proper, abstract, countable, compound, and possessive nouns. It also discusses personal pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. For each part of speech, it provides examples to illustrate their meanings and uses in sentences.

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4. • Words are divided into different kinds or
classes according to their uses or
according to the work they do in a
sentence , are called PARTS OF
SPEECH .

5.  Nouns are words that name
people, places, things, or ideas.
Example

6. Which One Is Noun?
Comput
er
Wor
d
Continue

7. Continue

8. 1. Common
These name general, nonspecific people, places,
things, or ideas.
Examples:
man, city, religion, airline
2. Proper
These name specific people, places, things, or ideas.
Examples:
Imran Khan, Lahore, Islam, PIA
Continue..

9. 3. Abstract
They name something that you cannot perceive with
your five senses.
Examples:
happiness, love, pride, religion, belief
4. Concrete
These name something that you can perceive with
your five senses.
Examples:
eyes, lion, suitcase, flower, chocolate
Continue..

10. 5. Countable
These can be counted.
Examples:
clock/clocks and pencil/pencils, movie,
train
6. Uncountable
These cannot be counted.
Examples:
milk, rice, snow, rain, water, food and
music
Continue

11. 7. Compound
These are made up of two or more smaller
words.
Examples:
eyeglasses, New York, sunflower, hairclip,
baseball…
8. Collective Nouns
They refer to a group of things as one whole.
Examples:
bunch, audience, flock, team, group, family
Continue

12. 9. Singular
These refer to one person, place, thing, or idea.
Examples:
cat, ship, hero, monkey, baby
10.Plural
These refer to more than one person, place,
thing, or idea.
Examples:
cats, ships, heroes, monkeys, babies
Continue

13. 11. Possessive Noun
These show ownership.
Examples:
Dad's car, the student's books and
Ali's hat

16. PERSONAL PRONOUN
A word which stands for a person is called
personal pronoun.
• Ex;
• I, we, he, she, it, they……….
THERE are three types of personal pronoun.
1 first person pronoun
2 second person pronoun
3 third person pronoun

17. 1THE personal pronoun which denotes a person speaking
is
called first person pronoun.
Example; I, my, me, mine, we, our, us………
2 THE personal pronoun which denotes a person spoken to
is
called second person pronoun.
Example; you, your, they……..
3 THE personal pronoun which denotes a person spoken of
is
called third person pronoun.
Example; he, his , she ,her, it, its , they their………

18. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN
A pronoun used to point out a person, place or thing is called
demonstrative pronoun.
Example; This, that, these, those….
INTEROGATIVE PRONOUN
A pronoun used to ask some question is called Interrogative
pronoun.
Example; What, who, whose, which……
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
A pronoun used with self or selves to reflect the action of
subject known as a reflexive pronoun.
Example; MYSELF, YOURSELF, HIMSELF, HISELF,
ITSEL……

19. A pronoun used to talk about a person or thing indefinitely is
known as indefinite pronoun.
Example; One, nobody, some, someone, something, any, few,
RECIPROCAL PRONOUN
A pronoun used to talk mutual relationship is known as
reciprocal pronoun.
Example; Each other, one another……….

21. •Use the article the when a particular noun has already been mentioned previously.
I ate an apple yesterday. The apple was juicy and delicious.

24. Adjective modifying noun:
 Large elephant
 Empty house
Adjective modifying
pronoun:
 He is brave
 they are good students.

25.  It takes its place before as well as after the noun or
pronoun which it modifies.
Example:
 He is a brave man.
 House was empty.

26. • There are three degrees of adjective.
1. POSITIVE__
It is a big house
1) COMPARATIVE__
it is a bigger house than Ali’s house.
1) SUPERLATIVE_
it is the biggest house.

27. THERE are three (3) types of adjective;
• ADJECTIVE OF QUALITY
• ADJECTIVE OF QUANTITY
• ADJECTIVE OF NUMBER
1 ADJECTIVE of quality
An adjective used to talk about the quality of a noun or pronounis
known as adjective of quality.
EXAMPLE; wealthy, industrial……

28. 2 ADJECTIVE of quantity
An adjective used to talk about the quantity of noun or
pronoun is called adjective of quantity.
EXAMPLE; Little, enough, much…….
3 ADJECTIVE OF number
An adjective used to talk about the number of things or
person is known as adjective of number.
EXAMPLE; six, few, first…….

30. • The word which tells us something else about
something else is called a verb.
A verb denotes an action, feeling or being
of a subject (noun)

31. THE TRAIN MOVES. THE GUEST ARRIVED
YESTERDAY.
HE RECEIVED HIS
GIFT.

32. • The verb plays a sole of backbone of a
sentence without a verb you never
complete your sentence.

33. Transitive verb.
Intransitive
verb.
Auxiliary verb.

34. The verb in which an action Transit or
transmit itself from subject into object is
called transitive verb.
Examples:-
 Ali killed a tiger.
 Farhan played
hockey.
Objec
t
Functio
n
Subjec
t

35. Major Aziz Bhatti won Nisha-e-
Haider.
 Question: Who was Nisha-e-
Haider?
 Answer: Major Aziz Bhatti (Subject).
 Question: Major Aziz Bhatti won
what?
 Answer: Nisha-e-Haider (Object).

36. The verb in which an action that performs by a
subject does not transmit itself into object and
is still continue (action or verb) is called
intransitive verb.
In the other words the verb in which only
subject exist is called intransitive verb.
Examples:
Not
objec
t
 She looks pretty.
 He works well.

37. Auxiliary verbs are also called helping
verbs. They are used to help the
principal verbs.

38.  You were cycling.
 I shall thrash you.
 Pakistan has defeated India.
 Cycling, Thrash and Defeated are
main or principle verbs.
 Were, Shall and Has are Auxiliary
verbs.

40. Basically, most adverbs tell u how ,where
or when some thing is done. In other
words, they describe the manner, place or
time of an action.
Some Examples of Adverbs are :
She sings sweetly.
He writes neatly.
Ahmad smiled cheerfully.

41. Place determining adverb.
Manner determining adverb.
Time determining adverb.
Frequency determining adverb.
Quantity/Degree determining adverb.
Purpose/Reason determining adverb.
Affirmative/Negation

42. Some adverbs and adverbs phrases
answer the question “where?”.
They are called adverb of
place. Examples:
• The boys are playing upstairs.
• The dog is in the garden.
• It’s very sunny but cold outside.
• I’ve lived here for about two years.

43. Some adverbs and adverb phrases
describe the way people do things.
Examples:
• He was driving carelessly.
• The plane landed safely.
• Ali plays guitar skillfully.
• The girls answered all the questions
correctly.
• The team played wonderfully.

44. Some adverbs and adverb phrases
answer the question “when?”
They are called adverb of
time. Examples:
• The train has already left.
• We moved into our new house last
week.
• Our favorite T.V.program starts at 6’o
clock
• We shall now begin to work.
• He comes here daily.

45. Some adverbs and adverb phrases
answer the question “how often an action
is done”
They are called adverb of
frequency. Examples:
• The children always go to school on the
bus.
• I clean my bedroom everyday.
• Dad polishes his shoes twice a week.

46. It shows how much , or in what degree
or to what extent.
Examples:
• The sea is very stormy.
• I am fully prepared.
• These mangoes are almost ripe.
• He was too careless.

47. The adverb which tells about a reason is
called adverb of reason.
Examples:
• He is hence unable to refute the charge.
• He therefore left school.
• We all go for a picnic just for enjoyment.

48. The adverb which says yes if it is yes and
no if it is no.
Examples:
• I don’t know.
• Surely you are mistaken.
• He certainly went.

49. Most adverbs are formed by adding –ly to
their corresponding adjectives. Examples
are:
kindly(kind),slowly(slow),hardly(hard),sweet
ly (sweet) etc.
She is very beautiful (adjective).
She is beautifully (adverb) dressed.
He is a strange (adjective) person.
He behaved strangely (adverb).

50. 1) If the adjective end in –y, replace it
with –i
and then add –ly examples are:• Happ
y
• Angry
Happil
y
Angrily• Lucky Luckily
2) If the adjectives ends in –able, -ible or –
le, replace the –e with –y. Examples are:
• Probabl
e
• Gentle
Probabl
y
Gently

51. Definition:-
The word used before noun and pronoun to show relation
between other words in the sentence is called
preposition.
Examples:-
 There is a cow in the field.
 He is fond of tea.
 I go to university daily.

63. • The word which joins two
phrases , clauses or
sentences.
• For example:

65. • These conjunctionare those that introduce
subordinate clause and join them to main
clauses.
Example:
 She cannot come back because she is ill.
 The patient had died before the doctor came.

66. Oh,
no!
Wow!
Stop
! Ouch
!

67. They can show
happiness(Hurrah!),sorrow
(alas!),anger(grrrr!),surprise(ah
a!) or other emotions.

68. ***Use an Exlaimation mark(!) If
the emotion is strong***
• Wow! I won the lottery!
***Use a Comma(,) if the emotion is
not strong***
• Wow, I have a peanut and jelly
sandwich for lunch.

69. Ouc
h!
Oop
s!
LOL!
shit!
Oh!
Hurra
h!
wow!
Aha!
Alas
!
Aw!See next slide for further
explanation

70. Word or
phrase Aha!
Meaning
Surprise,
satisfactionAlas!
Hurra
h!
Oops!
Ouch!
Sorrow
Excitement
Recognition of
mistake
Exclamation of pain

71. • Express the writer’s feelings.
• May be in the end or beginning
of a sentence
• Followed by exclamation mark.
• Placed between commas.
• Used in informal writing.

72. THANK
YOU!
Any Question…?
The