This document summarizes the challenges of software commercialization in the fragmented mobile ecosystem. It discusses how the ecosystem is fragmented across thousands of handset models, over 20 operating systems, hundreds of mobile operators, and inconsistencies in mobile web browsers. This makes it difficult for developers to write software that works across all contexts. It also discusses opportunities for monetizing mobile apps and how the app economy is growing rapidly led by Apple's App Store. However, fragmentation remains a big challenge for developers to overcome.