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中国农业科学 2009,42(8):2978-2981
Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2009.08.042
隐性单基因 br-2 玉米矮生系的选育
何 川,郑祖平,谢树果,李 钟,刘代惠
(国家玉米产业技术体系南充试验站/四川省南充市农业科学研究所,四川南充 637000)
摘要:
【目的】研究单基因 br-2 玉米矮源导入热带血缘选育矮生玉米自交系的效果。【方法】利用玉米 br-2
基因的致矮特性,根据基因重组的原理,通过导入热带血缘进行回交选择。
【结果】选育出配合力高的单基因 br-2
矮生系南 381、南 387,组配的玉米杂交种南玉 8 号和隆单 9 号先后通过四川省审定,正在中国南方大面积推广应
用。【结论】利用隐性矮生基因导入热带血缘,使抗病、抗倒、窄叶片等优良基因与 br-2 基因良好结合,克服了
矮生自交系节间短、叶宽重叠密集、授粉不良等缺点,在玉米育种研究上具有一定的应用前景。
关键词:玉米;隐性 br-2 基因;矮化育种;定向选择
Breeding of the Maize Monogenic br-2 Dwarf Lines
HE Chuan, ZHENG Zu-ping, XIE Shu-guo, LI Zhong, LIU Dai-hui
(National Maize Industry Technology System Nanchong Experiment Station/Nanchong Institute of Agricultural Science,
Nanchong 637000, Sichuan)
Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was conducted to study the effects of breeding dwarf maize inbred lines by using the
introduced tropical germplasm with monogenic br-2.【Method】Utilizing the gene br-2 in maize controlling the dwarf characteristic,
based on the principle of gene recombination, backcross of selection was made through introduction of tropical germplasm. 【Result】
The main results showed that the dwarf lines Nan381 and Nan387 gave excellent combining ability. As to the breeding method, the
hybrids Nanyu8 and Longdan9 have been examined and are widely extended in Southern China. 【Conclusion】 Monogenic br-2 was
recombined with some genes controlling desirable agronomic characters, such as disease resistance, lodging resistance and narrow
leaf, and the disadvantages of original br-2 inbred lines were overcome, including short internode, wide and dense leaves, high
barrenness, which could be used for maize breeding in the future.
Key words: maize; monogenic br-2; dwarf breeding; select in direction
杂交种的抗病性能,引进和导入了热带血缘亲本自交
0 引言 系,玉米杂交种株高迅猛增高,抗倒性能降低。较好
【研究意义】自从 1951 年发现 br-2 矮生玉米以 的利用热带种质抗病、优质等优良基因尤为重要[4]。
来,由于矮秆基因与不良性状连锁,或者一因多效[1], 【拟解决的关键问题】利用隐性的矮生基因导入热带
同一矮生基因的广泛利用潜伏着由遗传单一带来的风 血缘,培育 出叶 片直 立 上冲 ,光能利用效率高,抗
险。发掘、鉴定和利用新矮源一直是玉米遗传育种中 倒、耐肥,适宜密植、综合性状优良的矮秆及中矮秆
[2]
广泛重视的研究内容 。【前人研究进展】中国玉米 玉米自交系及杂交种。
矮化育种开始于 20 世纪 60 年代,选育有矮 154、矮
544、5003 等矮秆玉米自交系,先后育成登攀 1 号、
1 材料与方法
登攀 5 号、成矮 1 号、风光 72 号等矮秆玉米杂交种[3]。 从征集 的 77 份玉米地 方品种中 评 选出多抗
【本研究切入点】20 世纪 90 年代以来,为提高玉米 质优,早熟 高产的龙门大心、山西金皇后等 10 个品
收稿日期:2008-10-26;接受日期:2009-03-18
基金项目:四川省“八五”“九五”“十五”攻关项目(玉米高产、多抗、优质新杂交种选育 91101001-3-4)
、 、
作者简介:何 川(1972-) ,男,四川阆中人,副研究员,研究方向为玉米遗传育种。通信作者郑祖平(1966-),四川广安人,研究员,博士,
研究方向为玉米遗传育种。Tel:0817-2805132;E-mail:nchcyms@163.com
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