Wildlife governance and mitigation of conflicts

WILDLIFE GOVERNANCE & MITIGATION OF CONFLICTS DR SUBRAT MUKHERJEE, IFS FIELD DIRECTOR SUNDARBAN TIGER RESERVE

INDIAN SUNDARBANS (4265 SQ KM approx) BANGLADESH SUNDARBANS (6000 SQ KM approx) STR (2585 SQ KM) SOUTH 24 PGS (1680 SQ KM) BUFFER AREA NP OF STR = WHS (1330 SQ KM)

THE HUMAN-TIGER INTERFACE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SOUTH 24 PGS DIST WEST BENGAL, INDIA SUNDARBANS TOTAL MANGROVE R.F. – 4265 SQ.KMS. SUNDARBAN TIGER RESERVE – 2585 SQ.KMS S. 24 PGS FOREST DIVISION – 1680 SQ.KMS PROTECTED AREAS AREA OF SUNDARBAN N.P. – 1330 SQ.KMS AREA OF SWLS – 362 SQ.KMS AREA OF LOTHIAN WLS – 38 SQ.KMS AREA OF HALIDAY WLS – 6 SQ.KMS

ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF SBR DIRECTOR SBR ( CCF RANK) ADFOs ( ACF RANK) FOREST RANGERS AND DEPUTY RANGERS AND FRONTLINE STAFF S T R S 24 PG DIVN N24 PG DIVN JT. DIRECTOR ( CF RANK) FIELD DIRECTOR ( CF RANK) DFO/S.24 PGS DIVN DFO/N.24 PGS. DIVN ( DCF RANK) DFD/SUNDARBAN TIGER RESERVE ( DCF RANK) DIVN TERRITORIAL RANGE BEAT STR 4 17 S.24 PGS 8 23 N.24 PGS 5 12

WILDLIFE GOVERNANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Target Population There are seven CD ( out of 19 in total ) Blocks harbouring 51 FPCs and 14 EDCs comprising of 46 proximal villages ( out of 65 in total ) accounting for over 210302 people ( out of 3.5 million in total as per 2001 census and projected as 4.2 million in total in 2011 ) – who make particularly high demand of the ecosystem and thus form the basic target population. STR has a very small interface whereas 24 Parganas (S) Division has large interface

[object Object],[object Object],April – June July – October Nov – March

ECODEVELOPMENT WORKS & TRUST BUILDING ACTIVITIES J oint Forest management has won the trust of people to a reasonably good level and needs to be consolidated S. .N. ECO-DEVELOPMENT WORKS QUANTUM 1 Ponds 83 2 Smokeless Chullah 13900 3 Irrigation Channel (In Km.) 70 4 Medical Camps 142 5 Awareness & Training Camps 73 6 Deep Tube Wells 107 7 Nursery ( In Ha. = 2500 Seedlings) 725 8 Fuel wood Plantation (Ha.) 1145 9 Fruit Plants 62000 10 Brick Path (Km.) 73 11 Solar Lights 165 12 Solar Lanterns 610 13 Micro-Planning Trainings 19 14 Study Tours 21 15 Community Centers 17 16 Jetty 61 17 Vocational Trainings 27

INPUT PER INDIVIDUAL YEAR FUNDING(IN INR) IPI(IN $) 1998-99 4400016.00 10.44 1999-00 2965000.00 7.04 2000-01 4592930.00 10.90 2001-02 2706397.00 6.42 2002-03 3685781.00 8.75 2003-04 6275000.00 14.89 2004-05 7855000.00 18.65 2005-06 4154000.00 9.86 2006-07 2200000.00 5.22 2007-08 8200000.00 19.47 2008-09 12800000.00 20.21 2009-10 14600000.00 21.22 2010-11 16700000.00 23.67

HUMAN-TIGER CONFLICT IN THE UNDIVIDED SUNDERBANS ,[object Object],[object Object],YEAR No. of Men Carried Away No. of Tigers Killed 1881-82 161 3 1883-84 168 8 1907-08 120 9 1911-12 112 61 1914-15 79 36 1915-16 60 33 Source: A.C. Gupta, West Bengal Forests (Centenary Commemoration Volume,1964)

HUMAN – TIGER CONFLICTS CLASSIFIED CONFLICT INSIDE FOREST DUE TO BIOTIC INTERFERENCE CAUSED BY FISHERMEN, HONEY COLLECTORS, WOOD COLLECTORS ETC CONFLICT OUTSIDE FOREST WHEN TIGER STRAYS IN A VILLAGE AND KILLS/INJURES LIVESTOCK AND HUMAN BEINGS

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1 ST GENERATION MANAGEMENT [ 1973(PT DECLARATION) – 1988(NFP) ] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],USE OF MASK ELECTRIC DUMMY SWEET WATER POND

2 ND GENERATION MANAGEMENT [ 1988(NFP) – 2001 ] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],GORAN CHITA FENCING AGRICULTURE INPUT TRANQUILIZATION

2 ND GENERATION MANAGEMENT [ 1988(NFP) – 2001 ] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

3 RD GENERATION MANAGEMENT [ 2002 – TILL DATE (REASONING,ANALYSIS) ] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NYLON NET FENCE ALONG FOREST ‘ TSCF’ WITH TIGER GUARD 8-10 FT MESH – 4”X4” METAL RUNNER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

(A) (B) RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT (A) EARLIER THE STRAYED OUT CAPTURED TIGER WAS RELEASED ‘ ON LAND’ TILL 2001 (B) NOW THE TIGER IS BEING RELEASED FROM ‘ BOAT’

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1 ST CAPTUTE 1 ST RELEASE 2 ND CAPTUTE 2 ND RELEASE 1 3 0 K M 1 1 0 K M 1 5 0 K M JHILLA-1 BAGMARA-7 PIRKHALI-1 DULIBHASANI-3 CAPTURE & RELOCATION OF A SAME TIGRESS (WLWB/0001) (30 TH JUNE’09) (3 RD JULY’09) (31 ST JULY’09) (2 ND AUGUST’09)

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],13.03.2009 22.07.2009 ANIMAL SEX DATE ACTUAL WEIGHT LENGTH (Cm.) NECK GIRTH (cm.) CHEST GIRTH (cm.) SHOULDER HEIGHT (cm.) Nose tip to Head Head to Anus Tail length Total Tiger Male 22.05.10 97 kg 32.5 137 83 252.5 53 89 89 Tiger Male 22.05.10 115 kg 35 133 84 252.0 56 92 94 Tiger Female 27.06.10 72 kg 30 127 82 239.0 48 87 67 Tiger Male 22.10.10 98 kg 33 148 80 261 57 89 94

THE WAY AHEAD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PROPOSED INDO – BANGLA COLLABORATIVE PROGRAMS ,[object Object],[object Object]

Wildlife governance and mitigation of conflicts

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