Efficient motor systems
for a Net-Zero emissions world
10th International Motors Workshop organised by ECI
16 September 2021
Conrad U. Brunner
Switzerland

Net-Zero is a fundamental challenge
to our traditional energy system
based on fossil energy supply.
2050 is less than 30 years from now,
that's fast to change the entire
industry.
Electricity is the main supplier. No
fossil and nuclear energy anymore.2
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Annual Rate of Decrease
3
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
CO2
Emissions
-1%
-2%
-4%
-6%
-8%
-9%
-10%
Business as Usual -1% p.a.
Net-Zero CO2 -8 ... -10% p.a.
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Two key global indicators
Carbon intensity
g CO2 per kWhel
Energy Intensity
kWhel per GDPUSD
IEA World energy balances 2020 database: https://www.iea.org/data-and-
statistics
TES: Total energy supply;
GDP based on 2015 USD, market exchange rate
https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/development-of-co2-
emission-intensity-of-electricity-generation-in-selected-countries-2000-
2020
TES:
Total energy supply
GDP:
based on 2015 USD
Decoupling
415 g
4
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Industry will be the key sector. All
branches will need to be inventive.
Efficiency is the jocker card. It's about
50% savings for the entire company,
or better 70%.
The old goal of savings of 10% or
30% on some machines is not good
enough anymore. 5
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Global Electricfication 2020 ► 2050
D E M A N D
Electrification ►►► rural area
Fuel Switch
Heat ► Heat Pump
Mobility ► EV
Transformation
Labor ► Robot
Efficiency
Machines ► Integrated
HVAC Systems
Appliances ► TV/washing/cooling
Lighting ► LED
S U P P L Y
Thermal Power Plant
• Fossil Fuel
• Nuclear
• Geothermal
• Biomass
Mechanical Power Plant
• Hydro
• Wind
• Marine
Electronic Power Plant
• Photovoltaics
• Batteries
G R I D
Transport,
Trans-
formation,
Distribution
-
6
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Net-Zero Emissions:
Electricity 2050
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2020 2030 2040 2050
Generation
(PWh/a)
Demand
Demand doubles - included:
- All savings
Source: IEA, NetZero by 2050, 2021 7
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Net-Zero Emissions:
Electricity 2050
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2020 2030 2040 2050
Generation
(PWh/a)
Renewables Fossil Nuclear Demand
Renewables: grow 8-fold
- New: solar, wind, biomass
- Old: hydro
Source: IEA, NetZero by 2050, 2021
8
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This means for industrial motor
systems:
1. Reduce demand: pressure and
flow, capacity, temperature, etc.
2. Downsize all components.
3. Use only when necessary.
4. Load control is imperative.
5. Go to direct-drive wherever
possible. 9
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Your company can develop into
two directions - at the same time:
►E F F I C I E N C Y
►O N - S I T E R E N E W A B L E S
Your company will design it's own
Net-Zero Plan.
Renewables are getting competitive
with grid and efficiency.
10
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US number 1 gas guzzler 2019
Range Rover
14.7 Liter per 100 km on the road: 130 kWh/100 km
5.0 Liter V8 380 kW inter-cooled supercharged engine
https://caradvise.com/10-biggest-gas-guzzling-vehicles-of-2019/
V E H I C L E
11
Most efficient electric cars 2021
Volkswagen e-Up: 11.7 kWh/100 km
https://www.carwow.co.uk/blog/most-efficient-electric-cars#gref
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Fan with V-Belt, big motor, no load control
F A N
12
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https://www.engineerlive.com/content/industrial-pump-survival-guide-beginners
P U M P
13
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Zhengzhou Kaishan
JN Series Energy-Saving Two-Stage Screw Air Compressor
A I R - C O M P R E S S O R
14
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BBC IE0, before 1988
(fresh paint)
M O T O R
15
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ABB IE5 SynRM
M O T O R
16
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V A R I A B L E
F R E Q U E N C Y
C O N V E R T E R
17
Danfos VFC with screw compressor
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THE #1 CASE
the outset
• any 10 kW nominal output machine
• could be a pump, a fan, anything that
rotates
• starts:
oversized, with fixed speed, gear and V-belt,
current components
• is improved:
downsized, with adjustable speed, direct drive,
efficient components
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THE #1 CASE
Efficiency OLD
75%
80%
92% 90%
50%
25%
92% 90%
95% 95%
70%
52%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
VFC Motor Gear Belt Pump Total
part load full load
19
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THE #1 CASE
Efficiency NEW
85%
92%
100% 100%
70%
55%
97%
95%
100% 100%
80%
74%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
VFC Motor Gear Belt Pump Total
part load full load
20
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THE #1 CASE
Energy and cost OLD
89'062
133'593
-
20'000
40'000
60'000
80'000
100'000
120'000
140'000
kWh/a EUR
Energy Cost 10 years
kWh/a
/
EUR/10a
part load full load
21
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The #1 CASE
Energy and cost NEW
15'917
23'875
73'146
109'719
-
20'000
40'000
60'000
80'000
100'000
120'000
140'000
kWh/a EUR
Energy Cost 10 years
kWh/a
/
EUR/10a
part load full load Savings
22
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THE #1 CASE
What we have learned
• electric energy savings: 82%
• energy cost savings: EUR 109'000 in 10 years
What you need to buy:
• a new 5 kW IE4 motor EUR 1'000
• a new 5 kW IE3 VFC EUR 1'000 EUR
• a new 5 kW pump/fan EUR 2'000 8'000
• get it installed and adapted* EUR 4'000
• that is only around ONE YEAR PAYBACK
Conclusion: money is usually NOT the barrier!
*) 2 mechanics in four days: 32*100 EUR
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Fundamental change means everbody
has to get on board.
Urgency means to start NOW! Make a
plan for your company, your house,
your mobility. Set your priorities now!
Electricity is made from renewable
sources. Day and night. Summer and
winter. 24
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• The direct path to better electric motor driven
systems: coordination of standards
• 9 Technical Committees from IEC and ISO
• Launch of IEC & ISO Joint Advisory Group
JAG 22 on 20 October 2021.
25
Motor
IEC TC 121
IEC TC 22
SC 22G
IEC TC 2 ISO TC 41 ISO TC 60 ISO TC115 ISO TC 117 ISO TC 86 ISO TC 118
Switchgear
&
controlgear
Adjustable
speed drive
Rotating
machinery
Pulleys &
belts
Gears Pumps Fans
Cooling-Com-
pressors
Air-Com-
pressors
1927 1934 1911 1947 1947 1964 1964 1957 1965
Motor control Mechanical equipment Driven equipment
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Thank you,
questions?
C O N T A C T
Conrad U. Brunner
cub@cub.ch
8032 Zurich Switzerland
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