A fracture is a break in the bone caused by trauma or stress. There are different types of fractures including simple/closed fractures where the bone does not penetrate the skin, compound/open fractures where the bone penetrates the skin, greenstick fractures where one side of the bone is broken and the other bent, and transverse fractures where the broken bone forms a 90 degree angle to the long axis of the bone. Simple fractures have little to no damage to surrounding soft tissues.