imjin war

1. Presented by Mr. Thomas

2. ADMIRAL YI SUN SHIN
 Naval commander who revived Korean naval force during
imjin war.
Improved weapons and invented “turtle ship”.
 improved discipline and moral of sailors.
 he won all 23 major naval battles he fought.
 born: in 1545 died: 1598
 one of Korea's greatest military heroes
 died at the battle of NORYANG.

3. IMJIN WAR?
 Japanese sixteenth century’s invasion of Korea and attempt to conquer
china.
 TOYOTOMI HIDEYOSHI’S willingness to expand its territory and shown his
neighbours and the world that by unifying Japan he owned one of the most powerful
army(samurai) in the world.
 first foreign invasion by samurai(Japanese’s military forces)
Why do we call this invasion imjin war?
Because the invasion took place in the year known in Korea as imjin,”water and
dragon” in the 60 years cycle of the Chinese dating system(1592) .

4. Overview
 imjin war took place from 1592 to 1598 and consisted of two campaigns
o first campaign 1592-1593
o second campaign: 1597-1598
 it was a major east Asian war
 involved joseon(Korea), Ming china and Japan
it was fought on land and sea using new technologies from the three countries
involving .
 the only foreign invasion by samurai.
 one man affected the course this war more than anyone called YI SUN SHIN.
 This war comprised of many battles such as: battle of okpo, sacheon , hansan-
do, myeongyang and noryang

5. Korea: The joseon (Yi) Dynasty (1392-1910)
In 1392 a goryeo general named Yi Song-gye deposed the goryeo king and
established a new dynasty, which he called joseon, after the legendary early Korean
kingdom. joseon is also sometimes called the Yi dynasty, after the name of its ruling
family.
One of the joseon founders’ goals was to eliminate the power of the Buddhist church;
consequently, Buddhism was no longer supported by the state, temple lands were
confiscated, and joseon established Confucianism as the state "religion.
Korean state rituals, philosophy, ethics, and social norms were strongly influenced by
Chinese Confucianism. As in China, government-sponsored examinations were
required for men to enter the state bureaucracy, and a position in the government was
considered a mark of high status for an individual and his family.
But unlike China, the pool of eligible examination takers in Korea was officially
limited to members of the upper social class, called yangban.

6. Korea: The joseon (Yi) Dynasty (1392-1910)…
joseon dynasty Korea was characterized by strict social divisions according to status
and occupation, close observance of Confucian rituals such as ancestor veneration,
separation of male and female with pronounced male domination.
In 1592 and 1597, the Japanese warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi, having recently united
the feuding domains of Japan under his leadership, invaded Korea as the first step in
his attempt to conquer China. China, then under the Ming dynasty, came to Korea’s aid
and defeated Hideyoshi’s forces, but in the process Korea(joseon) was devastated by
the war

7. Korea-Japan relations before imjin war
 Japanese piratical wars:
 large scale pirate raids and warfare on Korean shores from 1350 to 1392.
 378 piratical attacks by 756000 armed organized pirates on goryeo between
1375 to 1392.
 Japanese allowed in designing trade ports ( mainly Busan) and confined in area
known as waegwan( Japanese house ).
Joseon court sent periodic missions to Japan but did not recognize Japan as a
bonafide member of the tribute system.
 joseon court finally made aware of the impending Japanese invasion after the
return of all Japanese in waegwan to Japan in 1592.

8. Why were joseon not ready for a war?
 2 centuries of peace and internal stability without major warfare.
 Security achieved through the tribute system and border control rather than armed
struggles with foreign states .
 more social privilege given to the scholarly rank of the bureaucracy, less
emphasis on military.
 Emphasize and reliance on military technology rather than maintenance of a large
standing army.
 YI SUN SHIN in 1583 proposal for raising 100 000 troops was rejected.
 main military forces concentrated in Seoul to protect the capital (giving free way to
Japanese forces to enter the country without a major resistance).

9. “The kobukson” or “turtle ship”
ADMIRAL YI SUN SHIN invention.
 The prow is shape of dragon’s head and cannon balls are fired through it.
 turtle back is covered with iron spikes.
 arrow and cannon fire can be launched from
every part of the ship.
 sailors can see enemy but enemy can not see them.
 ship can launch continuous attack.
 the first naval ironclad ship.

10. First invasion
 in may 1592 with an army of approximately 160000 troops Toyotomi launched
what will end up being the first invasion of Korea.
 initially the Japanese forces saw success on land and capturing both Seoul (hanyang)
the capital of joseon and Pyongyang within three months
 joseon forces succeed in the sea battle with the remarkable admiral YI SUN SHIN
With the victory of the Okpo Battle which was the first triumph for Joseon since
the beginning of the Imjin War.
 Korea request help from china.
 king SEONJO abandoned Seoul and feed.
 Ming dynasty forces arrived for Pyongyang
battle.
 korean-chinese armies pushed Japanese forces
southward

12. Withdraw of the first invasions
The withdraw began by the beginning of 1593 and why did Japanese forces
withdraw?.
• korean-chinese burned storehouse where Japanese forces depleted stock of
food.
• threaten Japanese with an attack by 400 000 troops ( Chinese )
 peace negotiation.

13. Second invasion(1597-98)
 peace negotiation failed
 completely different from the first( conquer Korea if possible attack china).
 HIDEYOSHI sent approx 200 ships with 142ooo men.
 korea-chinese armies better equipped and more prepared.
 navies under YI SUN SHIN successfully destroyed Japanese navy.
 Japanese locked in military stalemate in south of the peninsula.
 death of HIDEYOSHI( sep 18,1598)
 final battle in noryang.
 death of Admiral YI SUN SHIN ( dec 16 1598)
 withdraw of japanese forces on dec 1598
“do not let my death be known”

14. Aftermath of the imjin war
Japanese invasion of Korea clearly ended in failure no winner and loser .
China “Ming dynasty”
Tens of thousands armies lost.
 the impact on its treasury would be the more serious loss, according to one estimate
between 20 and 26 million teals of silver were spent to send military forces to help
Korea.
These expenditure have weaken Ming government and made them vulnerable to
the manchus (jurchen) whose overthrow Ming dynasty in 1644 and founded Qing
dynasty.

15. Aftermath of the imjin war…
 about 2 million Koreans died
 Korea was the country that suffered most in the war.
Its economy was shattered ,towns and cities were destroyed.
 took a century to reach full recovery.
Destruction of infrasture,cultural artifacts,historical documents, etc.
Koreans artisan, artists and labourers were taken to Japan : cultural diffusion.
Numerous Koreans citizens died of famines epidemic…
 Korea (joseon dynasty)

16. weapons
hwacha
•During the time of the Imjin War, the bow and arrow
of Joseon was much better than that of Japan.
•the bow and arrow at the national examination for
military skills was selected as the most fundamental
and representative course.
• multiple rocket launcher used in Korea during the
Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897). It had the ability to fire
up to 200 arrow rocket, at one time.