The document discusses concepts and trends related to innovation and leadership in K-12 education. It covers several topics, including the 21st century shift in education towards skills like creativity, collaboration, communication and critical thinking. It also discusses bringing innovation to instruction through methods like personalized learning, project-based learning, and field experience. Finally, it outlines nine things that will change education over the next 20 years, such as diverse learning times and places, personalized learning, free choice in learning paths, and a greater emphasis on interpreting data.
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing Postmodern Elements in Literature.pptx
Leading Innovation in Education
1. Concepts & Impact of Education Innovation
Innovation, Leadership, Why Innovation
Leadership in Education?
Innovation in Educational System & Era
21st Century Shift in Education
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
Nine Things That Will Change
Bringing Innovation in Instruction
Innovation Leadership Checklist
Content
New Trends through Teaching Innovation - 10 Ways
Making Skills as important as Knowledge
Forming Teams – Using Thinking & Creative Tools
2. Objectives
To introduce Educators to the
concept of Innovation
Leadership in Education.
To equip Educators with
Leadership skills needed in
carrying out instructions and
other school based tasks.
To help Educators develop their
skills in Innovation.
Theme
"Turning Good Teachers to Great Innovation
Leaders"
5. Innovation
Innovation means first different,
then better.
It is a fundamentally different
way of doing things with better,
and different outcomes.
Both the 'different' and the
'better' must be significant and
substantial.
7. When it comes to education,
what does the word Innovation
means to you?
8. “Innovation in education should be defined as
making it easier for teachers and students to
do the things THEY want to do.
These are the innovations that succeed, scale and sustain.”
– Rob Abel, USA
Innovation in Education
9. Educators need to think of innovation as those
actions that significantly challenge key
assumptions about schools and the way they
operate.
Innovation in Education
11. What ideas have you pick up from above Video of
Launching Innovation in Schools?
Participation Certificate Question?
1. Bringing People together around ideas they
care about.
2. Refining a Vision and getting to work.
3. Working together through Ups & Downs
4. Measuring Progress & Adjusting
1……
2……
3……
4……
12. Driving Innovation and Collaboration
-helps your organization
become
- successful in identifying new
ideas, implementing and
integrating them into
operations.
You must engrain this cycle into the DNA of your
organization.
13. Innovations – commonly thought of as new and game
changing. However many innovations are merely
improvements on something that already exists.
Its important to create a
culture of innovation
within your organization,
- which means,
supporting productive
failure.
14. Principals, make more visible
their risks, failures and their
learning from failure, to better
model these practices.
“The most essential part of
creativity is not being afraid to
Fall”.
Model your risk taking and your learning from failure.
Mistakes are nothing to be ashamed of for Innovators and
Innovative Organization. Its an expected cost of doing
business.
‘You do enough new things and you’re going to bet wrong,’
says Jeff Bezos.”
15. Huge improvements made by charter schools and
organizations in traditional outcomes for students,
most are not new or different.
Many of the proposed
improvements in
teacher education &
evaluation, student
assessment, and
school design in
traditional public
schools do not seem
to be novel.
16. ‘We need
solutions that
are both
different and
better.’
Yet the challenges in improving learning and life
outcomes require true Innovation.
As Washor states,
17. If we redesign schools to get better results on
20th-century outcomes, our students will be poorly
served.
20. Blink . . ten years pass by. It’s now 2019 end!.
Complexity is the daily norm, and CHANGE the only constant.
Opportunities, problems and grand challenges abound.
A brand new generation of
institutional leaders is taking the
reins. The world has continued to
shrink and is much smaller.
Technology continued an
unabated, unchecked progression;
what is now futuristic has become
commonplace.
21. The reason for education
is simple and straight
forward that is:
Education
- process of facilitating learning, transferring
knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits to
others, through….. storytelling, discussion,
teaching, training, or research.
- to prepare students,
predominantly young
adults, for future
success.
22. Effective school leaders need to consciously
support innovation and keep a focus on changing
education landscape as it moves into the future.
The focus is not on improving
existing educational systems but on
changing them altogether.
Its focus is not on doing things
better, but on doing better things;
not on doing things right, but on
doing the right things to prepare
students for a fast changing
interdependent world.
26. or, Should we play it safe and have them
attend schools that look like the schools we
attended 30 years ago and our parents 60 years
ago and grandparents, 90 years ago?
Is it better for students to be involved in innovative
practices and participate in highly effective
programs?
Currently, most schools are not much
different than the one our grandparents
attended in the 1920s!.
27. Take 5!
Recent Trends in K-12 Education
Some say that this change has been a
long time coming.
There is an analogy that uses fairy
tale character Rip van Winkle to
describe this;
28. Near to the town, in a small cottage, lived Rip
Van Winkle, known to all as a harmless,
drinking, shiftless lout, who never would work..,
but roamed about,
always ready with
jest and song-Idling,
tippling all day long.
29. He was a character in
a Washington Irving
short story who went to
sleep before the
American War of
Independence.
He went to sleep to run away from his nagging
wife, and woke up to find that his wife had
died,...
30. He woke up twenty years later, after the
war and found himself in an independent
USA.
31. Recent Trends in K-12 Education
Rip van Winkle has just woken up from his 100
year slumber and stares in amazement about
how much everything has changed in the time
that he was asleep,
He almost did
not recognize
anything, until he
went into a
classroom.
32. Recent Trends in K-12 Education
…. nothing much
has changed in
the K-12
educational system
since he fell asleep
in 1919.
When Rip van Winkle went to a classroom,
he recognized immediately that it was a
classroom because…..
34. Innovation in Education
A technique that combines different leadership styles to
influence to produce creative ideas, innovative products
and services.
In recent years, schools have
charted new approaches in leading
Innovation by transforming :
Yourself, your Students and your
School to cultivate the habits and
mindsets of innovators, to open
the floodgates of creativity and
generate ideas that you can take
with confidence.
Dr. David Gliddon (2006) developed the competency model of innovation leaders and
established the concept of innovation leadership at Penn State University.
36. What Can You Do to lead
Innovation in Your School, and…
...What are we doing
to do more of and
become better at…
37. What makes some individuals, and organizations
they lead, more innovative than others?
They ask provocative
questions that
challenge the status
quo.
They observe the
world like
anthropologists to
detect new ways of
doing things.
38. Three key elements that consistently drive
innovation in Leadership (what we call the 3Ps)
are;
People,
Processes, and
Philosophies
Innovative School leadership
that makes some individuals, and the people they
lead, more innovative than others.
40. Entrepreneurs, inventors, and other innovators
around the world created and sustained high-
performing cultures of innovation by;
building their;
people,
processes and
philosophies
around five fundamental
“discovery skills”- Five
Core Skills of Innovators
Five Core Skills of Innovators
42. “Nearly two-thirds (63 percent)
of school administrators who
responded to a recent survey
said 1:1 computing classrooms
where teachers act as a coach
for students are the future of
education.” (T.H.E Journal)
Heidi Hayes Jacobs:
”If you’re not updating your curriculum,
you are saying that nothing is changing.”
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
43. “Innovative teaching supports students’ development
of the skills that will help them thrive in future life and
work.” (IT Research)
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
44. 21st Century Careers
A need to keep yourself current, resilient through continuous
learning, as well as connected to your values is the career of
the 21st century.
All about CHANGE, in our
-thinking, -strategies &
-behaviors to those that
work in the new ever-
changing & challenging
environment to meet the
challenges of the times.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
45. The 21st century shift- Innovative Thinking
-a new call, a shift from 20th
century of traditional view
of organizational practices,
which discouraged
employee innovative
behaviors to:-
- valuing innovative thinking
as a “potentially powerful
influence on organizational
performance”.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
46. CHANGE
The only Constant that stays in
today’s era. To stay competitive,
-manage the present and plan the
future.
Without Change for the better
(Kaizen), there will be no
Continuous Improvement to be
Competitive in the current Global
competition.
IMPROVEMENT
WITHOUT
ENDING
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
48. 21st Century Skills
The ability to adapt and change to use these
new tools has become even more important.
Educators often
hear the phrase
“21st Century
Teaching and
Learning. It
means (the new
“ 5C’s” of
Education)
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
50. 21st Century Skills
As technology becomes more integral in our lives and in
order to adapt, we need to teach students to use technology;
efficiently & effectively, ethically, appropriately and
respectfully to solve problems, and think creatively.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
51. Creativity and Innovation
Critical thinking, problem solving, decision-making
Learning to learn, meta-cognition (knowledge about
cognitive processes)
21st Century Skills -Ways of Thinking
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
53. Information literacy
Information and Communication
Technology (ITC) Literacy
21st Century Skills -Tools for Working
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
54. Citizenship –local & global
Life and career
Personal & social responsibility –including
cultural awareness & competence
21st Century Skills - Living in the World
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
56. Give the GIFT OF EDUCATION to children who want
to change their world and ours!
It doesn’t cost
you extra and
after all you
have been paid
to do so.
Change a life.
Change yours.
57. Current problems and circumstances are so complex,
they don’t fit previous patterns now.
We don’t
recognize the
situation and
can’t
automatically
know what to
do.
21st Century Shift in Education & Skills
58. To make effective sense of
unfamiliar situations and
complex challenges, we
must have a grasp of the
whole situation, its
variables, unknowns and
mysterious forces.
What worked before doesn’t work today.
This requires skills beyond everyday analysis.
It requires Innovation in Education.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
59. Consider the 5C's.
CRITICAL THINKING
COMMUNICATE
COLLABORATE
COMMUNICATE &
CONNECT
‘If a Child can’t learn the way we teach, maybe
we should ‘teach the way they learn’.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
60. To‘teach the way they learn’ requires innovation
in education incorporating 21st Century Skills &
new teaching methodology.
62. Latest Trends in leading Innovation in K-12
Education
Thankfully, educators are starting to change with
the times.
The trend in K-12
education these days is
that learning institutions
should try their best to
keep up with the recent
advances in technology to
better teach their students.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
63. As technology is rapidly changing the world
around us, many people worry that
technology will replace human intelligence.
Some educators worry that
there will be no students to
teach anymore in the near
future as technology might
take over a lot of tasks and
abilities that we have been
teaching our students for
decades.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
64. Here are 9 things that will shape the future
of education during the next 20 years.
The thing is: Education will never disappear. It will
just take up different forms.
1. Diverse time and place.
2. Personalized learning.
3. Free choice.
4. Project based.
5. Field experience.
6. Data interpretation.
7. Exams will change completely.
8. Student ownership.
9. Mentoring will become more
important.
Leading Innovation in K12 Education
65. Students will have more opportunities to learn
at different times in different places.
eLearning tools facilitate opportunities for
remote, self-paced learning.
1.Diverse time and place.
Classrooms will be flipped,
which means the
theoretical part is learned
outside the classroom,
whereas the practical part
shall be taught face to face,
interactively.
66. 2. Personalized learning.
Students will learn with study tools that adapt to
the capabilities of a student.
This means above
average students shall
be challenged with
harder tasks and
questions when a
certain level is
achieved.
67. 2. Personalized learning.
This can result in to positive learning experiences
and will diminish the amount of students losing
confidence about their academic abilities.
Furthermore, teachers
will be able to see clearly
which students need
help in which areas.
68. 2. Personalized learning.
Students who experience difficulties with a subject
will get the opportunity to practice more until they
reach the required level.
Students will be
positively reinforced
during their individual
learning processes.
69. Equality vs Equity in the Digital gap.
If Equality means
giving everyone
the same
resources,
Equity means giving
each student access
to the resources they
need to learn and
thrive.
72. 3.Free choice.
Though every subject that is taught aims for the
same destination, the road leading towards that
destination can vary per student.
Similarly to the
personalized learning
experience, students will
be able to modify their
learning process with
tools they feel are
necessary for them.
73. 3.Free choice.
Students will learn with different devices, different
programs and techniques based on their own
preference.
Blended learning,
flipped classrooms
and BYOD (Bring Your
Own Device) form
important terminology
within this change.
74. 4. Project based.
As careers are adapting to the future freelance
economy, students of today will adapt to project
based learning and working.
This means they
have to learn how
to apply their skills
in shorter terms to a
variety of situations.
75. multiple solutions,
enlisting community
resources, and
choosing engaging
meaningful themes
for projects.
PBL should combine inquiry with accountability,
and should be part of every teacher’s repertoire,
allowing;
78. 5. Field experience.
Because technology can facilitate more efficiency
in certain domains, curricula will make room for
skills that solely require human knowledge and
face-to-face interaction. Thus,
experience in
‘the field’ will be
emphasized
within courses.
79. 5. Field experience.
Schools will provide more opportunities for students
to obtain real-world skills that are representative to
their jobs.
This means curricula will
create more room for
students to fulfill
internships, mentoring
projects and
collaboration projects
(e.g.).
80. 6. Data interpretation.
Computers will soon take care of every statistical
analysis, and describe and analyze data and
predict future trends.
Therefore, the human
interpretation of these
data will become a
much more important
part of the future
curricula.
81. 6. Data interpretation.
Though mathematics is considered one of three
literacy, it is without a
doubt that the
manual part of
this literacy will
become
irrelevant in the
near future.
82. 6. Data interpretation.
Applying the theoretical
knowledge to numbers,
and using human
reasoning to infer logic
and trends from these
data will be the norm.
Data interpretation will become a fundamental new
aspect of this literacy.
83. 7. Exams will change completely.
As courseware platforms will assess students
capabilities at each step, measuring their
competencies through Q&A might become irrelevant,
or might not suffice.
Many argue that
exams are now
designed in such a
way, that students
cram their materials,
and forget the next
day.
84. 7. Exams will change completely.
Educators worry that exams might not validly
measure what students should be capable of when
they enter their first job.
As the factual
knowledge of a student
can be measured during
their learning process,
the application of their
knowledge is best tested
when they work on
projects in the field.
85. 8. Student ownership.
Students will become more and more involved in
forming their curricula.
Maintaining a curriculum
that is contemporary, up-
to-date and useful is only
realistic when
professionals as well as
‘youngsters’ are involved.
86. 8. Student ownership.
Critical input
from students
on the content
and durability of
their courses is
a must for an
all-embracing
study program.
87. 9. Mentoring will become more important.
In 20 years, students will incorporate so much
independence into their learning process,
that mentoring
will become
fundamental to
student success.
88. 9. Mentoring will become more important.
Though the future of
education seems
remote, the teacher
and educational
institution are vital to
academic
performance.
Teachers will form a central point in the jungle of
information that our students will be paving their
way through performance.
89.
90. An Innovative Teacher’s primary function is to help
students solve problems with Creativity, Innovation
and Creative Thinking.
91. Remember the ‘good’ old school punishment- holding
the earlobes with arms crossed over your chest, bend
the knees to sit and then stand repeated times?
Take 5! ‘Ketuk Ketampi’
Ever thought why the
school teachers would
give this unique
punishment? In Malaysia
it is called Ketuk Ketampi.
There is a reason…….
92. This is the ancient method of increasing memory
power widely and diligently used by the Europeans
now after a scientific research was done.
It synchronizes both sides
of the brain to improve
neural function and
stimulates neural pathways
via acupressure points in
the earlobe to sharpens
intelligence.
Take 5! ‘Ketuk Ketampi’
94. Here are ten ideas from Thom Markham a PhD.,
psychologist and school redesign consultant who assists
Teachers in designing high quality, rigorous projects with
21st century skills and the principles of youth development.
An Innovative author of
the Project Based
Learning Design and
Coaching Guide:
Expert tools for
innovation and inquiry
for k-12 teachers.
95. Ten Ways to Teach Innovation by Thom Markham
1.Teach concepts, not facts.
2. Move from projects to Project Based
Learning.
3. Distinguish concepts from critical
information.
4. Make skills as important as knowledge.
5. Form teams, not groups.
6.Use thinking tools.
7. Use creativity tools.
8. Reward discovery.
9. Make reflection part of the lesson.
10. Be innovative yourself.
96. Concept-based instruction overcomes the fact-
based, rote-oriented nature of standardized
curriculum.
1.Teach concepts, not facts.
If your curriculum is not
organized
conceptually, use your
own knowledge and
resources to teach
ideas and deep
understanding, not
test items.
97.
98. Most teachers have done projects, but the majority
do not use the defined set of methods associated
with high-quality PBL.
2. Move from projects to Project Based Learning.
These methods
include developing a
focused question,
using solid, well
crafted performance
assessments.
99.
100. Project based Learning
As students get acquainted with project based
learning in high school;
Organizational,
collaborative, and
time management
skills can be taught
as basics that every
student can use in
their further
academic careers.
102. Projects can show students how diverse disciplines as
English, Science and Math are interrelated - can be
developed to accommodate almost any curriculum.
For example,
A science teacher builds an
Electrolyzer with the students to
demonstrate Electrolysis of water to
its gases form. They learned all the
skills of the built they were engaged
in the process.
They enjoyed the build of the project and gained confidence in
their abilities.
PBL: Leading Innovation in Schools
103. Together, they team up to
build an Electrolyzer and
discussed ideas and
possibility of using the
concept in an Innovation.
The students enjoyed
the recognition of their
ideas gained
confidence in their
abilities.
PBL: Leading Innovation in Schools
Once they understood the concept of Electrolysis,
the Teacher challenged the students to apply the
concepts to Innovate.
106. Preparing students for tests is part of the job. But
they need information for a more important reason.
3. Distinguish Concepts from Critical Information.
107. 3. Distinguish concepts from critical information.
To innovate, they need to know something. The
craft precedes the art. Find the right blend between
open-ended inquiry and direct instruction.
109. Innovation and 21st century skills are closely
related. Choose several 21st century skills to focus
on throughout the year.
4. Make skills as important as knowledge.
Incorporate them into
lessons with detailed rubrics to assess and grade
the skills.
110.
111.
112. Innovation now emerges from teams and networks
and we can teach students to work collectively and
become better collective thinkers. Group work is
common, but team work is rare.
5. Form teams, not groups.
113. Some tips: Use specific methods to form teams;
Assess teamwork
and work ethic;
facilitate high
quality interaction
through protocols
and critique
114. Important Factors to Consider in Team Formation
Consist of 1 high-performing student,
2 average students, and 1 low-performing
student.
Include both boys and girls.
Reflect the ethnic diversity of your classroom.
Stay together for about six weeks in upper
elementary classrooms.
Older students may be fine in the same team
for an entire grading period.
Provide opportunities for them to get to know
each other.
115. Teach the cycle of revision; and expect students to
reflect critically on both ongoing work and final
products.
5. Form teams, not groups.
118. Hundreds of interesting, thought provoking tools exist
for thinking through problems,
6.Use thinking tools.
sharing insights,
finding solutions,
and
encouraging
divergent solutions.
119.
120. 6.Use thinking tools.
You can use; Big Think tools or the Visible
Thinking Routines developed at Harvard’s Project
Zero.
121. BigThink is one tech tool used in design thinking and
creating that'll help students tackle the ever-evolving
challenges of school and life in;
Identifying
problems,
solving them
creatively, and
iterating on those
solutions are the
core activities.
123. Visible Thinking Routines
These routines are simple structures, for example a
set of questions or a short sequence of steps, used
across various grade levels and content.
126. Round 1-THINK.
Ask a discussion
question. Have
students to think
or write answer/s
to the question.
Round 2- PAIR.
Have them turn
to a peer to
discuss their
responses.
Round 3- SHARE.
Start a group
discussion and
have them share
their responses
with the class.
How think-pair-share can be used in classroom.
127. Industry uses a set of cutting edge tools to stimulate
creativity and innovation. As described in books such
as Game storming or Beyond Words
7. Use creativity tools.
The tools include;
playful games and
visual exercises
that can easily be used
in the classroom.
128. Innovation is mightily discouraged by our system of
assessment, which rewards the mastery of known
information.
8. Reward discovery.
Step up the reward
system using rubrics
from Tools with a blank
column to acknowledge
and reward innovation
and creativity.
129. The tendency is to move on quickly from the last
chapter and begin the next chapter, because of the
coverage imperative,.
9. Make reflection part of the lesson.
But reflection is
necessary to anchor
learning and stimulate
deeper thinking and
understanding.
There is no
innovation without
rumination.
131. 1. New Trends in Education
2. Identify 2 Ideas from ‘How to Teach
Innovation’ that you can practice and
apply at your School setting.
3. What are the expected
Results/Outcomes of this application?
List down what have you learned from
this seminar on;
132. Innovation requires the willingness to fail, a focus on
fuzzy outcomes rather than standardized measures,
10. Be innovative yourself.
and the bravery to
resist the system’s
emphasis on strict
accountability.
135. 10. Be innovative yourself.
The reward makes teaching exciting and fun,
engages students, and most critical;
helps students
find the passion
and resources
necessary to design
a better life for
themselves and
others.
136.
137.
138. Principal Consultant for Lean Management.
Certified ‘Train the Trainer’ & Kaizen
Specialist with 30 over years working
experience.
Provides Technical Consulting Services on
Lean, Kaizen & 21st Century Manufacturing.
An Innovative Engineer that innovates by
Recycling & Reusing Idle resources to
promote Green.
Founder of Tim’s Waterfuel an alternative
fuel supplement using Water to add power
& reduce Co2 emission on automobiles.
Rode 24 Countries, 18,290km,4 months 11
days 6 3/4 hrs from Malaysia to London on
just a 125 cc.
Timothy Wooi
Add: 20C, Taman Bahagia, 06000,
Jitra, Kedah
Email: timothywooi2@gmail.com
H/p: +6019 4514007 (Malaysia)
Notas del editor
teachers to be teacher leaders. In their schools, they mentor new teachers, lead school improvement efforts, develop curriculum, and provide professional development for their colleagues. Administrators tap them to serve on school, district, and state committees.
But how do accomplished teachers view themselves? To what kinds of leadership roles do they aspire? And what skills do they need to be effective leaders?
Innovations are commonly thought of as new and game changing. However, many innovations are improvements on something that already exists. It is important to create a culture of innovation within your organization, which means supporting productive failure.
Innovations are commonly thought of as new and game changing. However, many innovations are improvements on something that already exists. It is important to create a culture of innovation within your organization, which means supporting productive failure.
In recent years, some schools of education have charted new direction in the mission and purpose of their graduate leadership preparation programs and used innovative approaches to student selection, content, instructional strategies and field experiences to address new priorities for leadership.
Inter-institutional collaborations in program delivery and evaluation drives these new directions and forms of innovation.
Unlike most educational policy, the focus is not focus on improving existing educational systems but on changing them altogether. Its focus is not on doing things better, but on doing better things; not on doing things right, but on doing the right things to prepare students for a fast changing interdependent world.
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
This new call for innovation represents the shift from the 20th century, traditional view of organizational practices, which discouraged employee innovative behaviors, to the 21st century view of valuing innovative thinking as a “potentially powerful influence on organizational performance”.
Constant change is essential in today’s era.
To stay competitive, you must simultaneously manage the present and plan the future.
The problem is, you can’t have the same people doing both jobs.
If present time People with operational responsibilities are asked to think about the future, they will kill it.
Without Change for the better (Kaizen), there will be no Continuous Improvement to be Competitive in the current Global competition.
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
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May 6-10, 2002
Equality vs. Equity. This vignette cuts to the heart of equality vs. equity in theclassroom. If equality means giving everyone the same resources, equity means giving each student access to the resources they need to learn and thrive.
Equality vs. Equity. This vignette cuts to the heart of equality vs. equity in the classroom. If equality means giving everyone the same resources, equity means giving each student access to the resources they need to learn and thrive.
Personalized learning is instruction that offers pedagogy, curriculum, and learning environments to meet the individual student's needs. The experience is tailored tolearning preferences and the specific interests of differentlearners.
From the very bulky computers of the 1960s to the very compact gadgets of the present time, technology had been continuously developing in the past decades, and had played great roles in many people’s daily tasks. Starting with the conception of the personal computer, people’s work became faster, and communication with other people became much easier.
Furthermore, in the recent years, the use of computers and related technology in education has been proven beneficial to teachers and students, and effective both cost-wise and education-wise. The use of technology in education has significantly aided students in performing their school-related tasks.
Mentorship is a relationship in which a more experienced or more knowledgeable person helps to guide a less experienced or less knowledgeable person. The mentor may be older or younger than the person being mentored, but she or he must have a certain area of expertise.
It also synchronises both sides of the brain to improve neural function. It stimulates neural pathways via acupressure points in the earlobe, sharpens intelligence.
It also synchronises both sides of the brain to improve neural function. It stimulates neural pathways via acupressure points in the earlobe, sharpens intelligence. This helps those with autism, asperger’s syndrome, learning difficulties and behavioural problems.
This is the ancient method of increasing memory power and the Europeans are now using this very diligently. They are recommending this posture or exercise to treat many cases.
May 6-10, 2002
May 6-10, 2002
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Planning, Organizing, Directing and Controlling
1.
a deep or considered thought about something.
"philosophical ruminations about life and humanity"
2.
the action of chewing the cud.
"cows slow down their rumination"