Joyce

1. What are the different stages of heating and how did they affect the natural world?

2. Table of Contents Page 1- Table of Contents Page 2- An Humble Introduction Page 3- The Power of Fire Page 5- Then It Evolved Into Fireplaces Page 6- Proper Fireplace Page 8- The Age of the Hotties Page 11- Electric Blankets Page 12- Let's Take a Step Backwards Page 13- Underfloor Heating Page 15- Final Conclusion Page 16- Glossary Page 17- Bibliography

3. An Humble Introduction The world of heating; it's amazing how heating has evolved from fire, to underfloor heating and heaters; humans won't be able to survive in winter if not for these heating appliances. However, these heating appliances have a bad impact on the environment, for example the elctrical appliances, they need power; they use nuclear power, solar power, hydroelectric power, wind power and fossil fuels. Using fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, is an unrenewable source, and is only a short term solution for electricity. In this slideshow, I will show you some of the well known forms of heating and the effects they have on the natural world.

4. The Power of Fire!!! Fire was the first ever type of heating discovered by homo sapiens (early humans)1.6 million years ago; it changed the way they cooked, and made meat easier to digest which lowered the rate of sickness/ indigestion. To make fire, the homo sapiens used bow drills and fire drills which looked like this.... and this...

7. Proper Fireplace In 1624, no significant changes were made, until architect Louis Savot, who was working at the Louvre, invented and developed a type of fireplace in which air was drawn through some passages under the hearth and behind the fire grate, being discharged into the room through a grill in the mantle. However, the one who perfected the invention was David Rittenhouse who added a pipe bent at an 90 degrees angle to the back of the stove which was meant to direct the smoke out of a chimney. Another person interested in the "smoking chimneys'' in London was Count Rumford, also known as Benjamin Thompson. His fireplace was much taller than the other designs and it helped a lot at the removal of the smoke. As time passed, the fireplace became an necessity, and greatly flourished in the Victorian times. Fields of around 20 tonnes of wood (dried) per hectare per year are chopped down. This wood is used as fire wood. The firewood that is needed for a fireplace doesn't have to be straight and perfect, even spare branches can be used as kinderling, but the chopping of trees has reduced the amount of forests around the world and has destoryed the homes of manyy different species of animals.

8. The Age of the Hotties (Hot Water Bottles)! Early 16th century: Containers for warmth in bed were in use as early as the 16th century. The earliest versions contained hot coals from the dying embers of the fire, and these bed warmers were used to warm the bed before getting into it. Containers using hot water were soon also used, with the advantage that they could remain in the bed with the sleeper. Before the invention of rubber that could withstand heat, these early hot water bottles were made of a variety of materials, such as zinc, copper, glass, earthenware or wood. To prevent burning, the metal hot water flasks were wrapped in a soft cloth bag.

15. Final Conclusion In many ways, heating has affected both the environment, and our lives. There has been bush fires and air pollution, warmth and cooked food; without heating, a huge chunk of our lives would be missing, it may look like I'm over exaggerating it but imagine a cold winter night without a fireplace or heater, will you be able to survive? Throughout history, there has been both good and bad consequences, but hey, the past is the past, we can't change it, we just have to move along and think about more eco-friendly heating solutions!