3. Organisational Behaviour is the field that
seeks knowledge of all aspects of
behaviours in organisational settings by
the use of the scientific method
6. Charles Babbage
British Mathematics professor
Wrote ‘On the Economy of
Machinery and Manufactures’
Proposed advantages of
division of labour:
•Reduces the time needed for
learning a job
•Reduces waste of material
•Attainment of high skill levels
•Matching skills and abilities
with jobs
8. The Classical Era
Scientific Management- Frederick Taylor
Develop a science for each element of an
individual’s work
Scientifically select, train, teach and
develop worker
Cooperation with workers
Divide work responsibility equally between
management and workers
10. Classical Organisation Theory
Administrative Theory
French industrialist Henry Fayol
Proposed that a manager plans,
organises, directs, controls and
coordinates
14 principles of management including
division of labour, authority, scalar chain,
unity of command, initiative
11. Max Weber
Proposed Structural Theory
Described bureaucratic
structure
Division of labour, clearly
defined hierarchy, detailed
rules and regulations and
impersonal relationships
12. Formal rules regulations
Division of labour
Hierarchical structure
Authority structure
Lifelong commitment
13. Social Man Theory
Mary Parker Follett
Emphasised on
group ethics
Manager must
coordinate group
efforts
14. Chester Barnard
Social Systems Theory
Organisations made up
of people who have
interacting social
relationship
They communicate
Success depends on
maintaining good
relations
15. Herbert Simon
Described
organisations as a complex
network of decisional process
Decision process comprises i) intelligent
activity ii) design activity iii) choice activity
Bounded rationality
administrative
16. Peter Drucker
Nature
of management as innovative and
creative
Manager has to act as administrator,
entrepreneur, set objectives etc.
Organisation structure to facilitate effective
functioning
MBO
17. Behavioural Era
Hugo Munsterberg
Published ‘psychology
and Industrial efficiency’
Saw a link between
scientific management
and industrial psychology
Suggested use of
psychological tests
18. Wagner Act
After great depression of 1929, Wagner
Act was passed which recognised union
as the authorised representatives of
workers
20. Behavioural Science Theories
Moreno-sociometry for studying group
interactions
Skinner-operant conditioning
McClelland Theory-need theory
Fiedler-situational theory of leadership
22. Challenges/emerging issues for
OB
Globalisation
Workforce diversity
Nature of organisation
Changing nature of work
Changing employee needs
Improving quality and productivity
23. Orgnisations are dynamic
Open systems
-Self sustaining systems that transform input
from the external environment into input,
which the system then returns to the
environment
24. Forces shaping OB
Globalisation of economy
Diversification of workforce
New working arrangements (flexitime,
compressed workweek,job sharing,
telecommuting
MNCs
Multicultural society
25. New forms of organisation
Leaner organisations
-informate : process by which workers
manipulate objects through inserting data
between themselves and those objects
Outsourcing
Contingent workforce
26. Virtual corporations
Highly flexible, temporary organisations
formed by a group of companies to exploit
a specific opportunity