2. • Measures that should be taken to keep any diseases from a farm.
To protect from a biological threat
A Poultry Producer operates within a complex
global food system.
Producers are the first line of defense in our food
security system
• Biosecurity is the cheapest, most effective means
of disease control available
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3. The Benefits of Biosecurity
• Helps keep out diseases
• Reduces the risks
• Limits the spread of disease
• Improves overall health of the flock
• Reduces mortality losses
• Improves profitability
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4. • People
• Vehicles
• Equipment
• Disease Animals
• Carrier Animals
• Fecal Material
• Body Discharges
• Contaminated Feed and Water
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5. Tire Baths
◦ Reduces opportunity for incoming traffic, such as feed and
delivery trucks, to bring in pathogens from outside the
perimeter of the farm.
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6. Outside Perimeter
◦ High fences prevent intruders such as animals and people
from entering the premises and possibly transmitting
diseases to the flock.
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7. Control vector habitat
and attractants
• birds
• rodents
• varmints
• insects
Make sure pen is
animal and bird
proof
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8. Footbaths
◦ Footbaths are placed outside the door of all facilities and
contain disinfectants, reducing the risk of bringing
pathogens inside the buildings.
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9. Sanitation of Equipment and Supplies
◦ The purpose of sanitizing equipment, surfaces, and supplies
is to reduce pathogens.
This is especially important in preventing the spread of diseases
between neighboring flocks.
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10. Good Hygiene
◦ Prior to entering the facility, employees and visitors should
demonstrate good hygiene by showering and wearing clean
designated clothing such as boot covers, hairnets, and
cover-alls.
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11. Entrance Order
◦ The order of entering facilities depends on the age of the
birds.
For example, you want to enter the hatchery first (where the
youngest birds are), before entering the grower house (where
the older birds live.)
Older birds have stronger immune systems, making them more
resilient to any pathogens that may be present.
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12. No contact with outside birds
◦ Since most avian diseases are transmitted through the air, it
is highly important to have no contact with outside birds
within 72 hours of entering a facility.
This includes pets as well as birds from other flocks.
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14. Minimize stressors to prevent increased
susceptibility to disease
◦ Fresh feed
◦ Clean water
◦ Clean, dry litter
◦ Good ventilation
◦ Provide an overall comfortable environment
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15. 1. WATER The quality of the drinking water is
very important, not only because its composition
can have an impact on the zootechnical
performances in terms of growth and the end
quality of the product, but also because it can act
as a vector for pathogenic micro-organisms, or
even host a pollutant whose consequences can
be dramatic. Water is also used as a vehicle for
the distribution of medicinal products and for
vaccination, and thus poor water quality will have
adverse consequences for the farm
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16. The feed can be an important source of
contamination in poultry farming (e.g.
salmonellosis, mycotoxicosis, colibacillosis).
Pathogenic elements may be present initially
in one of the ingredients, they may also be
introduced when the feed is mixed, during its
delivery or during storage.
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17. The atmosphere of the building is
characterised by its : • temperature •
humidity • speed of the air and its circulation
• gas content (ammonia, oxygen, carbon
dioxide) • dust content • microbial load
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18. This factor has the greatest impact on the
animals' living conditions and on their
performance. Young animals : the body
temperature regulation mechanisms of chicks are
not very effective during the first few days of life.
The surface area in contact with the air is
proportionally very high. The buildings should be
warmed up 48 hours before the arrival of a new
flock. At start-up and until adult feathering is
achieved : : avoid temperature variations of more
than 5°C over a period of 24 hours. Avoid very
high temperatures, especially at the end of the
production.
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19. On a farm, litter which is in poor condition
indicates that other parameters are being
incorrectly controlled.
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20. The term "chick quality" covers all the
variables which may relate directly with the
ability of the chick to generate a profit. The
health quality of the chick is one component
of chick quality. Controlling this form of
quality involves ensuring that the chick is not
carrying some infections : Salmonella,
mycoplasmosis, colibacillosis etc.
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21. Watch for symptoms such as:
• Coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, ruffled feathers,
loss of feathers, excessive picking, labored
breathing and sudden drops in production and feed
or water consumption
Eliminate unhealthy or nonproductive birds
Check birds periodically for lice, mites, and
worms
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22. Vaccinating breeders limits the vertical
transmission of pathogens (e.g. :
encephalomyelitis) which could otherwise
degrade chick viability. It also enables the
mothers to pass on protection via maternal
antibodies, which will protect the chicks for a
certain time. Vaccinating breeders thus
enhances the chick's own passive immunity
(e.g. : against IBD and infectious anaemia).
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