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Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



             Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects

                                          Jan Wedekind

                                             13.9.2004




                     MiCRoN        http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
                     MMVL          http://www.shu.ac.uk/mmvl/
            People: Balasundram Amavasai, Manuel Boissenin, Axel B¨rkle,
                                                                  u
                       Fabio Caparrelli, Arul Selvan, Jon Travis



     microsystems & machine vision lab          -1-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                             micro-vision and micro-robotics




 Closed-loop control
   • Estimate pose of manipulator in real time
 Task planning
   • Estimate pose of known micro-objects
   • Recognize obstacles for avoiding collisions
   • Provide data for determining gripping points



     microsystems & machine vision lab          -2-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                present state of micro-vision



 characteristics
   • Limited depth of focus
   • Teleoptical settings
 vision problems
   • unstable feature extraction
   • limited depth of view
 ⇒ most standard approaches are failing




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -3-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf




                          spin images (Andrew Johnson 1997)




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -4-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf




                          spin images (Andrew Johnson 1997)




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -5-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                          depth of focus




   • Acquire focus set of images g(x1 , x2 , z)
   • Compute local sharpness measure s(x1 , x2 , z)
   • Compute depth map d(x1 , x2 ) := argmax s(x1 , x2 , z)
                                                 z∈Z




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -6-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                            systematic error


 test with micro-ridge
   • Algorithm fails when contrast low
   • Systematic errors
   • Trade-off between resolution and stability
 ⇒ Filter-bench


  image index z     insufficient contrast                                                  PSF
                                                                               d
                                                                                   c
                                                                               b       a

                                         pixel−position in image y             d c
                               systematic error




     microsystems & machine vision lab           -7-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                      multiscale approach
                                                                  s                  maximum sharpness

     • Recursive filtering
     • Not real-time efficient
                                                                                                z
                                                                          large filter kernel
     • Complexity
                                                                  s
       (N = number of pixel)
         – O(N ) time
         – O(N ) memory                                                                   z
           √          2                                                    medium−sized filter kernel
         – 3 N O(N 3 )                                            s
           parallelisation
     • No systematic error                       image
                                                (x1,x2)                                     z
                                                                           small filter−kernel




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -8-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                               results




     microsystems & machine vision lab          -9-         MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                               results




     microsystems & machine vision lab         - 10 -        MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                               results




     microsystems & machine vision lab         - 11 -        MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf



                                               results




     microsystems & machine vision lab         - 12 -        MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/

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Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects

  • 1. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects Jan Wedekind 13.9.2004 MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/ MMVL http://www.shu.ac.uk/mmvl/ People: Balasundram Amavasai, Manuel Boissenin, Axel B¨rkle, u Fabio Caparrelli, Arul Selvan, Jon Travis microsystems & machine vision lab -1- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 2. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf micro-vision and micro-robotics Closed-loop control • Estimate pose of manipulator in real time Task planning • Estimate pose of known micro-objects • Recognize obstacles for avoiding collisions • Provide data for determining gripping points microsystems & machine vision lab -2- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 3. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf present state of micro-vision characteristics • Limited depth of focus • Teleoptical settings vision problems • unstable feature extraction • limited depth of view ⇒ most standard approaches are failing microsystems & machine vision lab -3- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 4. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf spin images (Andrew Johnson 1997) microsystems & machine vision lab -4- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 5. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf spin images (Andrew Johnson 1997) microsystems & machine vision lab -5- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 6. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf depth of focus • Acquire focus set of images g(x1 , x2 , z) • Compute local sharpness measure s(x1 , x2 , z) • Compute depth map d(x1 , x2 ) := argmax s(x1 , x2 , z) z∈Z microsystems & machine vision lab -6- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 7. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf systematic error test with micro-ridge • Algorithm fails when contrast low • Systematic errors • Trade-off between resolution and stability ⇒ Filter-bench image index z insufficient contrast PSF d c b a pixel−position in image y d c systematic error microsystems & machine vision lab -7- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 8. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf multiscale approach s maximum sharpness • Recursive filtering • Not real-time efficient z large filter kernel • Complexity s (N = number of pixel) – O(N ) time – O(N ) memory z √ 2 medium−sized filter kernel – 3 N O(N 3 ) s parallelisation • No systematic error image (x1,x2) z small filter−kernel microsystems & machine vision lab -8- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 9. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf results microsystems & machine vision lab -9- MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 10. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf results microsystems & machine vision lab - 10 - MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 11. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf results microsystems & machine vision lab - 11 - MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/
  • 12. Focus set based reconstruction of micro-objects- http://vision.eng.shu.ac.uk/mechrob04/MechRob-paper.pdf results microsystems & machine vision lab - 12 - MiCRoN http://wwwipr.ira.uka.de/~micron/